Gassner / Schütz Fatigue Design Procedures

Proceedings of the 4th Symposium of the International Committee on Aeronautical Fatigue held in Munich, 16-18 June 1965
1. Auflage 2014
ISBN: 978-1-4831-8581-1
Verlag: Elsevier Science & Techn.
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, 534 Seiten, Web PDF

Fatigue Design Procedures presents the full text of the papers presented at the 4th Symposium of the International Committee on Aeronautical Fatigue held in Munich, Germany on June 16-18, 1965, and summaries of the discussion held about them. The papers featured in the volume covers different aspects of fatigue design. These include fail-safe design for a jet transport airplane, the weapon systems fatigue certification program of the U.S. Air Force, the role of variable amplitude or constant amplitude tests in design studies, the evaluation of allowable design stress and corresponding fatigue life, and the importance of fatigue design testing. This book will be of interest to persons dealing with studies on fatigue design methods.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Gassner, E.

Schütz, W.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Front Cover;1
2;Fatigue Design Procedures;4
3;Copyright Page;5
4;Table of Contents;6
5;Preface;8
6;Session Chairmen;10
7;German Organizing Committee;10
8;Introduction;12
9;CHAPTER 1. FATIGUE AND FAIL-SAFE DESIGN OF A NEW JET TRANSPORT AIRPLANE;16
9.1;INTRODUCTION;16
9.2;FATIGUE AND FAIL-SAFE PHILOSOPHY;17
9.3;STRUCTURAL FATIGUE AND FAIL-SAFE DESIGN CRITERIA;19
9.4;MANUFACTURING AND METALLURGICAL DETAILS;36
9.5;FATIGUE ANALYSIS OF TYPICAL STRUCTURE;38
9.6;FULL-SCALE TESTING;55
9.7;SUMMARY;67
9.8;REFERENCES;68
9.9;DISCUSSION;69
10;CHAPTER 2. FAA FATIGUE STRENGTH CRITERIA AND PRACTICES;82
10.1;AUTHORITY FOR REQUIREMENTS;82
10.2;ORIGIN OF REQUIREMENTS;83
10.3;BASIS FOR CURRENT CRITERIA;85
10.4;APPLICATION OF CURRENT FATIGUE REQUIREMENTS;91
10.5;MAINTENANCE AND INSPECTION;95
10.6;SERVICE EXPERIENCE;96
10.7;FUTURE REGULATORY PROSPECTS;101
10.8;CONCLUDING REMARKS;104
10.9;ACKNOWLEDGMENT;104
10.10;REFERENCES;104
10.11;DISCUSSION;105
11;CHAPTER 3. THE AIRWORTHINESS APPROACH TO STRUCTURAL FATIGUE;106
11.1;1. INTRODUCTION;106
11.2;2. THE GENERAL AIRWORTHINESS APPROACH;107
11.3;3. FATIGUE, FAIL-SAFE, SAFE-LIFE;108
11.4;4. STATIC AND FATIGUE STRENGTH REQUIREMENTS;110
11.5;5. THE EFFECT OF ACCIDENTS ON AIRWORTHINESS CONTROL;111
11.6;6. ACCIDENT RATE—STATIC AND FATIGUE;111
11.7;7. DISCUSSION OF INDIVIDUAL FATIGUE ACCIDENTS AND SERIOUS INCIDENTS;112
11.8;8. REMEDIAL ACTIONS AFTER ACCIDENTS AND INCIDENTS;125
11.9;9. MANUFACTURER + OPERATOR + AIRWORTHINESS CONTROL = SAFETY (APPROXIMATELY);128
11.10;10. AIRWORTHINESS AND THE MANUFACTURER;129
11.11;11. DEVELOPMENT OF FULL-SCALE FATIGUE TESTING;136
11.12;12. REQUIREMENTS IN 1965;140
11.13;13. WHY NOT A QUANTITATIVE STATISTICAL APPROACH IN THE REQUIREMENTS?;141
11.14;14. THE USEFULNESS OF RESEARCH WORK;142
11.15;15. THE FUTURE;142
11.16;16. CONCLUSION;145
11.17;17. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;145
11.18;DISCUSSION;146
11.19;REFERENCES;145
12;CHAPTER 4. THE U.S. AIR FORCE WEAPON SYSTEMS FATIGUE CERTIFICATION PROGRAM;154
12.1;A. BACKGROUND;154
12.2;B. INITIAL FATIGUE CERTIFICATION REQUIREMENTS;157
12.3;C. THE PRESENT REQUIREMENTS;158
12.4;D. PROGRAM BENEFIT SUMMARY;165
12.5;E. FUTURE AREAS OF EXPLORATORY DEVELOPMENT;168
12.6;REFERENCES;173
12.7;DISCUSSION;173
13;CHAPTER 5. TRENDS IN REPEATED LOADS ON TRANSPORT AIRPLANES;176
13.1;INTRODUCTION;176
13.2;GENERAL BACKGROUND;177
13.3;RESULTS AND DISCUSSION;185
13.4;CONCLUDING REMARKS;204
13.5;REFERENCES;205
13.6;DISCUSSION;206
14;CHAPTER 6. MATERIAL SELECTION FOR SERVICE RELIABILITY;212
14.1;INTRODUCTION;212
14.2;RELIABILITY;212
14.3;THE SIGNIFICANCE OF 'STANDARD' MECHANICAL PROPERTIES IN RELATION TO FATIGUE BEHAVIOUR;213
14.4;NOTCH SENSITIVITY AND CRACK PROPAGATION;219
14.5;STRESS CORROSION—ALUMINIUM ALLOY;223
14.6;STRESS CORROSION AND HYDROGEN EMBRITTLEMENT—HIGH STRENGTH STEELS;225
14.7;AIR MELTED OR VACUUM MELTED STEELS;226
14.8;FATIGUE AND STATIC STRENGTH FACTORS;226
14.9;CONCLUSIONS;229
14.10;ACKNOWLEDGMENTS;230
14.11;REFERENCES;230
14.12;DISCUSSION;231
15;CHAPTER 7. RESIDUAL STATIC STRENGTH OF SPECIMENS AND CRACKED COMPONENTS;234
15.1;1. INTRODUCTION;234
15.2;2. DISTINCTION BETWEEN MECHANICAL NOTCHES AND CRACKS; THE CASE OF A PLANE SHEET WITH A CENTRALLY LOCATED NOTCH;236
15.3;3. STRESS INTENSITY FACTOR; THE CASE OF PLATES;241
15.4;4. STABILITY CONCEPT; STUDY OF THE PLATES;248
15.5;5. NOTCHES IN BARS IN TENSION;251
15.6;6. BENDING OF SEMI-ELLIPTICAL CRACKS;257
15.7;7. CONCLUSIONS;261
15.8;REFERENCES;262
15.9;DISCUSSION;263
16;CHAPTER 8. CONSTANT AMPLITUDE OR VARIABLE AMPLITUDE TESTS AS A BASIS FOR DESIGN STUDIES;268
16.1;SYMBOLS;268
16.2;1. INTRODUCTION;269
16.3;2. METHOD OF LIFE PREDICTION CURRENTLY IN GENERAL USE FOR DESIGN STUDIES;270
16.4;3. CONSIDERATION OF PRESENT METHOD OF LIFE PREDICTION;271
16.5;4. PROPOSED METHOD OF LIFE PREDICTION USING VARIABLE AMPLITUDE DATA;273
16.6;5. PRELIMINARY INVESTIGATION OF PROPOSED METHOD;278
16.7;6. CONCLUDING REMARKS;283
16.8;Appendix A PRELIMINARY INVESTIGATION OF PROPOSED LIFE PREDICTION METHOD;283
16.8.1;1. INTRODUCTION;283
16.8.2;2. SPECIMEN;284
16.8.3;3. TEST EQUIPMENT;284
16.8.4;4. LOADING WAVEFORMS;288
16.8.5;5. RANDOM PROGRAMMED TESTS;289
16.8.6;6. ACCURACY;289
16.8.7;7. TEST PROCEDURE;292
16.8.8;8. TEST RESULTS;295
16.9;Appendix B METHOD OF SYNTHESIS OF DEMANDED STRESS SPECTRUM;296
16.9.1;1. GENERAL;296
16.9.2;2. METHOD;297
16.9.3;REFERENCES;302
16.9.4;DISCUSSION;302
17;CHAPTER 9. ASSESSMENT OF THE ALLOWABLE DESIGN STRESSES AND THE CORRESPONDING FATIGUE LIFE;306
17.1;1. CRITICAL CONSIDERATION OF THE MINER HYPOTHESIS;306
17.2;2. PROGRAMME TESTING;308
17.3;3. SELECTION OF A STANDARD DISTRIBUTION;309
17.4;4. PRESENTATION OF TEST RESULTS;314
17.5;5. APPLICATION OF S-N CURVES TO DESIGN;316
17.6;6. DETERMINATION OF FATIGUE LIFE OR ALLOWABLE STRESSES FOR COMPOSITE DISTRIBUTIONS;316
17.7;7. CONCLUSIONS;319
17.8;ACKNOWLEDGMENT;320
17.9;REFERENCES;320
17.10;DISCUSSION;321
18;CHAPTER 10. THE DEVELOPMENT OF A CALCULATION METHOD FOR THE FATIGUE STRENGTH OF LUGS AND A STUDY OF TEST RESULTS FOR LUGS OF ALUMINIUM;324
18.1;1. NOTATION;324
18.2;2. INTRODUCTION;326
18.3;3. LUG PARAMETERS;326
18.4;4. PHENOMENA OF SPECIAL SIGNIFICANCE;328
18.5;5. THE CALCULATION METHOD;330
18.6;6. THE STUDY OF VARIOUS TEST SERIES;335
18.7;7. PRESENTATION OF RESULTS;338
18.8;8. SPECIAL INVESTIGATIONS;345
18.9;9. DISCUSSION OF RESULTS;349
18.10;10. CONCLUSIONS;352
18.11;REFERENCES;353
18.12;DISCUSSION;354
19;CHAPTER 11. THE VALUE OF FULL-SCALE FATIGUE TESTING;358
19.1;INTRODUCTION;358
19.2;RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FULL-SCALE TEST AND SERVICE FATIGUE EXPERIENCE;361
19.3;FREEDOM FROM SERVICE DEFECTS;366
19.4;IMPROVEMENT IN DESIGN STANDARDS;369
19.5;EXTENT OF SPECIMEN;372
19.6;DURATION OF TESTS;374
19.7;COST OF TESTING;376
19.8;ECONOMICS OF FULL-SCALE FATIGUE TESTING;380
19.9;CONCLUSIONS;382
19.10;Appendix STANDARDIZATION OF FATIGUE DESIGN RECORDS;383
19.10.1;ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;384
19.10.2;REFERENCES;385
19.10.3;DISCUSSION;385
20;CHAPTER 12. A CRITICAL REVIEW OF FAIL-SAFE (DAMAGE TOLERANCE) AND FATIGUE DESIGN METHODS;390
20.1;INTRODUCTION;390
20.2;GENERAL PHILOSOPHY;391
20.3;PROCEDURES;397
20.4;APPLICATIONS TO C-141 AIRPLANE;403
20.5;CONCLUSIONS;405
21;CHAPTER 13. COMPARISON OF AN ALUMINIUM ALLOY STRUCTURE WITH NOTCHED SPECIMENS UNDER PROGRAMME AND RANDOM FATIGUE LOADING SEQUENCES;410
21.1;1. INTRODUCTION;410
21.2;2. DESCRIPTION OF SPECIMENS;412
21.3;3. TESTING PROCEDURES;414
21.4;4. TEST RESULTS;419
21.5;5. DISCUSSION;435
21.6;6. CONCLUSIONS;443
21.7;7. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;443
21.8;REFERENCES;444
21.9;Appendix I TESTING RIG AND LOAD CONTROL EQUIPMENT;445
21.9.1;DISCUSSION;446
22;CHAPTER 14. THE EVOLUTION OF STRUCTURAL FAIL-SAFE CONCEPTS—ROTORCRAFT;448
22.1;PHILOSOPHIC CONSIDERATIONS;448
22.2;BACKGROUND TO SAFE-LIFE;452
22.3;'FAIL-SAFE' EVOLVES;460
22.4;DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS;464
22.5;TEST CONSIDERATIONS;471
22.6;CONCLUSIONS;483
22.7;CONCLUDING REMARKS;484
22.8;ACKNOWLEDGMENTS;485
22.9;REFERENCES;486
22.10;Appendix A PROPOSED REVISION TO FAR 27 AND FAR 29;486
22.11;Appendix B DRAFT OF PROPOSED REVISION REPLACING CAM–6, APPENDIX A WITH ADVISORY CIRCULAR ON FATIGUE EVALUATION;488
23;CHAPTER 15. FATIGUE OF HELICOPTERS—TESTS AND CALCULATIONS;502
23.1;INTRODUCTION;502
23.2;LABORATORY TESTS;503
23.3;PROTOTYPE QUALIFICATION TESTS;503
23.4;QUALITY CONTROL TESTS;511
23.5;FLIGHT TESTS;511
23.6;DETERMINATION OF FATIGUE LIFE;514
23.7;DETERMINATION OF THE SAFE FATIGUE CURVE;516
23.8;FATIGUE LIFE ANALYSIS;520
23.9;DESIGN OF PARTS FOR FATIGUE STRENGTH;522
23.10;CONCLUSIONS;526
23.11;REFERENCES;526
23.12;DISCUSSION;527
24;INDEX;528