Fielder Structure of the Moon's Surface

1. Auflage 2013
ISBN: 978-1-4831-4964-6
Verlag: Elsevier Science & Techn.
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, 282 Seiten, Web PDF

Structure of the Moon's Surface aims to assemble and marshal relevant matter, and to produce a largely unprejudiced text which brings lunar studies up to date and stresses the importance of certain features of the Moon which have frequently been disregarded in the past, largely because of lack of knowledge about them. The book contains 14 chapters organized into two parts. Part I reviews and summarizes important physical problems. These include the liberations of the moon; height determinations of points of the moon's surface; the figure of the moon; and the moon's temperature and atmosphere. Part II discusses relatively new facts and ideas, which have been insufficiently emphasized in the past. Topics covered include ray systems; rilles, faults, and wrinkle ridges; and crater distribution and frequency. It is hoped that this book will be of use both to the professional scientist and to the amateur astronomer.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Fielder, Gilbert

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Front Cover;1
2;Structure of the Moon's Surface;6
3;Copyright Page;7
4;Table of Contents;10
5;Dedication;8
6;List of Plates;13
7;LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS;14
8;FOREWORD;13
9;Part I;18
9.1;CHAPTER 1. THE LIBRATIONS OF THE MOON;20
9.1.1;1-1. Note on the Orbit of the Moon;20
9.1.2;1-2. The Librations of the Moon;20
9.2;CHAPTER 2. HEIGHT DETERMINATIONS OF POINTS ON THE MOON'S SURFACE;24
9.2.1;2-1. The Determination of Relative Heights;24
9.2.2;2-2. The Determination of Slopes;31
9.2.3;2-3. Lunar Formations in Profile;35
9.2.4;2-4. The Determination of Absolute Heights;43
9.2.5;2-5. Summary;46
9.3;CHAPTER 3. THE FIGURE OF THE MOON;50
9.3.1;3-1. Discovering the Non-sphericity of the Moon;50
9.3.2;3-2. The Internal Constitution of the Moon;55
9.3.3;3-3. The Past History of the Moon;58
9.3.4;3-4. Conclusions;62
9.4;CHAPTER 4. THE LUMINOUS INTENSITY AND LUMINESCENCE OF THE LUNAR ROCKS;65
9.4.1;4-1. Relative Intensities in General. Albedo;65
9.4.2;4-2. Intensity Distribution across Full Moon;66
9.4.3;4-3. Variations in the Intensities of the Continents, the Maria, and the Rays, with Variation of Phase Angle: Models of the Surface of the Moon;68
9.4.4;4-4. Intensity Variations of Bright and Dark Spots;72
9.4.5;4-5. The Colour and Intensity of the Ashen Light;74
9.4.6;4-6. Do the Moon's Rocks Fluoresce?;74
9.4.7;4-7. Evidence for the Phenomenon of Luminescence;75
9.4.8;4-8. An Eruption in the Lunar Crater Alphonsus;80
9.4.9;4-9. Summary;82
9.5;CHAPTER 5. THE COLOUR OF MOONLIGHT AND THE COMPOSITION OF THE MOON'S SURFACE;86
9.5.1;5-1. Visual Work;86
9.5.2;5-2. Instrumental Methods and Results;87
9.5.3;5-3. Summary;95
9.6;CHAPTER 6. ON THE POLARIZATION OF THE LIGHT REFLECTED BY THE MOON;98
9.6.1;6-1. Work Accomplished with Purely Optical Polarimeters;98
9.6.2;6-2. Photoelectric Polarimetry;107
9.6.3;6-3. Summary;107
9.7;CHAPTER 7. ON THE TEMPERATURE OF THE MOON;110
9.7.1;7-1. Surface Temperatures from Stefan's Law;110
9.7.2;7-2. The Measurement of Surface Heat Changes;111
9.7.3;7-3. Measured Surface Temperatures;115
9.7.4;7-4. Summary of the Measured Temperatures, and Conclusions;122
9.8;CHAPTER 8. THE PROBLEM OF THE MOON'S ATMOSPHERE;124
9.8.1;8-1. Simple Visual Observations;124
9.8.2;8-2. A Final Solution from the Kinetic Theory of Gases ?;126
9.8.3;8-3. Possible Evidence for an Atmosphere;128
9.8.4;8-4. Evidence from More Refined Techniques;131
9.8.5;8-5. Summary of the Estimates of the Density of the Moon's Atmosphere;135
9.9;CHAPTER 9. THE PROBABLE NATURE OF THE MOON'S SURFACE; CHANGES WHICH OCCUR ON THE MOON;137
9.9.1;9-1. Deductions from the Size and Mass, from the Figure, and from the Surface Structures of the Moon;137
9.9.2;9-2. Deductions from the Intensity Variations and from the Colour of Moonlight;138
9.9.3;9-3. Deductions from the Polarization of Moonlight;139
9.9.4;9-4. Deductions from the Observed Temperature Changes;139
9.9.5;9-5. The Effect of the Absence of an Atmosphere;144
9.9.6;9-6. Changes in the Moon's Surface: Apparent and Real;146
9.9.7;9-7. Are Tektites Samples from the Moon ?;147
10;Part II;154
10.1;CHAPTER 10. RAY SYSTEMS;156
10.1.1;10-1. General Description;156
10.1.2;10-2. Special Aspects of some Ray Systems;157
10.1.3;10-3. Ray Dynamics applied to the Systems of Tycho and Copernicus;162
10.1.4;10-4. Relative and Absolute Times of Formation;169
10.1.5;10-5. On the Discrete Nature of the Rays;175
10.1.6;10-6. Dark Bands;177
10.2;CHAPTER 11. THE GRID SYSTEM, AND LATTICE PATTERNS;180
10.2.1;11-1. Linear Features;180
10.2.2;11-2. The System Radial to Mare Imbrium;181
10.2.3;11-3. Intersecting Grids;199
10.2.4;11-4. Lattice Patterns and their Time of Origin;210
10.2.5;11-5. Summary;214
10.3;CHAPTER 12. RiLLEs, FAULTS, AND WRINKLE RIDGES;216
10.3.1;12-1. Description and Distribution of Rules;216
10.3.2;12-2. The Detailed Forms of Rules;217
10.3.3;12-3. The Associations of Rules with Faults and Ridges;229
10.3.4;12-4. On the Origin of Rules;231
10.3.5;12-5. Wrinkle Ridges;234
10.4;CHAPTER 13. CRATER DISTRIBUTION AND FREQUENCY;236
10.4.1;13-1. The Spatial Distribution of Maria;236
10.4.2;13-2. The Frequency of Occurrence of Craters of Different Sizes;237
10.4.3;13-3. Anomalies in the Frequency Distribution of Craters;237
10.4.4;13-4. The Spatial Distribution of Craters;239
10.4.5;13-5. Crater-pairs;241
10.4.6;13-6. Crater-chains;241
10.4.7;13-7. The Other Side of the Moon;241
10.5;CHAPTER 14. CONDITIONS RELATING TO THE ORIGIN OF THE MOON'S SURFACE STRUCTURE;246
10.5.1;14-1. Erosion and the Time Sequence of the Topographical Features;247
10.5.2;14-2. Origins of the Craters;250
10.5.3;14-3. The Nature of Maria;253
10.5.4;14-4. Summary of the Probable Time Sequence of the Craters;254
10.5.5;14-5. Domes and Plateau Craters;254
10.5.6;14-6. The Nature of the Forces which Produced the Grid System;256
11;APPENDICES;261
11.1;I Sources;261
11.2;II List of Constants;264
12;INDEX;266