Doble / Rollins / Kumar Green Chemistry and Engineering

1. Auflage 2010
ISBN: 978-0-08-052477-1
Verlag: Elsevier Science & Techn.
Format: EPUB
Kopierschutz: 6 - ePub Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, 343 Seiten

Chemical processes provide a diverse array of valuable products and materials used in applications ranging from health care to transportation and food processing. Yet these same chemical processes that provide products and materials essential to modern economies, also generate substantial quantities of wastes and emissions. Green Chemistry is the utilization of a set of principles that reduces or eliminate the use or generation of hazardous substances in design. Due to extravagant costs needed to managing these wastes, tens of billions of dollars a year, there is a need to propose a way to create less waste. Emission and treatment standards continue to become more stringent, which causes these costs to continue to escalate.
This book describes both the science (theory) and engineering (application) principles of Green Chemistry that lead to the generation of less waste. It explores the use of milder manufacturing conditions resulting from the use of smarter organic synthetic techniques and the maintenance of atom efficiency that can temper the effects of chemical processes. By implementing these techniques means less waste, which will save industry millions of dollars over time.
· Chemical processes that provide products and materials essential to modern economies generate substantial quantities of wastes and emissions, this new book describes both the science (theory) and engineering (application) principles of Green Chemistry that lead to the generation of less waste
· This book contains expert advise from scientists around the world, encompassing developments in the field since 2000
· Aids manufacturers, scientists, managers, and engineers on how to implement ongoing changes in a vast developing field that is important to the environment and our lives

Autoren/Hrsg.

Doble, Mukesh

Rollins, Ken

Kumar, Anil

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Front cover;1
2;Green Chemistry and Processes;4
3;Copyright page;5
4;Table of contents;8
5;Preface;12
6;About the Authors . . .;16
7;CHAPTER 1: Introduction;18
7.1;Definition of Green Chemistry;20
7.2;Twelve Principles of Green Chemistry;20
7.3;Initiatives Taken Up by Countries Around the World;23
7.4;The Green Chemistry Expert System;24
7.5;How Green Chemistry Is Being Addressed;26
7.6;Cross Interactions from Green Chemistry;26
7.7;The Patent Scene;28
7.8;The Measure of Greenness;28
7.9;Safety and Risk Indices;32
7.10;Mass and Energy Indices;33
7.11;The Hierarchical Approach;34
7.12;The Sustainable Process Index;38
7.13;Conclusions;39
7.14;References;40
8;CHAPTER 2: Newer Synthetic Methods;44
8.1;Introduction;44
8.2;Use of Microwaves for Synthesis;49
8.3;Electro-Organic Methods;50
8.4;Elegant and Cost-Effective Synthetic Design;50
8.5;Conclusions;54
8.6;References;56
8.7;Appendix 2.1;57
8.8;References;59
8.9;Appendix 2.2;61
8.10;References;67
9;CHAPTER 3: Catalysis and Green Chemistry;70
9.1;Catalysis and Green Chemistry;71
9.2;Conclusions;83
9.3;References;83
10;CHAPTER 4: Biocatalysis: Green Chemistry;86
10.1;Introduction;86
10.2;Advantages Within Industrial Applications;87
10.3;Challenges to Make Biocatalysis Industrially Viable;88
10.4;Process Design;99
10.5;Future Trends;100
10.6;References;106
11;CHAPTER 5: Alternate Solvents;110
11.1;Safer Solvents;111
11.2;Green Solvents;114
11.3;Water as Solvent;115
11.4;Solvent-Free Conditions;116
11.5;Ionic Liquids;116
11.6;Conclusions;120
11.7;References;121
12;CHAPTER 6: Process and Operations;122
12.1;Industry Perception;124
12.2;Reactions;129
12.3;Reactor Designs;130
12.4;Micro Mixers;134
12.5;Unit Operations;138
12.6;Reactions with Separation Operations;152
12.7;Other New Reactor Designs;178
12.8;Process Integration;179
12.9;Conclusions;184
12.10;References;185
13;CHAPTER 7: Alternate Energy Sources;188
13.1;Greenhouse Gases;189
13.2;Renewable Energy;204
13.3;Future Sources of Renewable Energy;207
13.4;Conclusions;207
13.5;References;208
14;CHAPTER 8: Inherent Safety;210
14.1;Conflicts Due to Inherently Safe Designs;245
14.2;Conclusions;259
14.3;References;260
15;CHAPTER 9: Industrial Examples;262
15.1;The Pharmaceutical Industries and Green Chemistry;269
15.2;The Polymer Industry;281
15.3;Pesticides, Antifoulants, and Herbicides;287
15.4;Solvents and Green Chemistry;291
15.5;The Food and Flavor Industry;294
15.6;The Maleic Anhydride Manufacturing Process;297
15.7;Chelants;298
15.8;The Surfactant Industry;300
15.9;Industries in Need of Support to Go Green;301
15.10;The Semiconductor Manufacture Industry;301
15.11;The Dye Industry;302
15.12;The Textile Industry;303
15.13;The Tannery Industry;305
15.14;The Sugar and Distillery Industries;305
15.15;The Paper and Pulp Industry;306
15.16;The Pharmaceutical Industry;308
15.17;Conclusions;310
15.18;References;311
16;CHAPTER 10: Conclusions and Future Trends;314
16.1;Energy;314
16.2;Process Intensification;316
16.3;Biotechnology: The Solution to All Problems;319
16.4;Future Predictions;325
16.5;Conclusions;327
16.6;References;328
17;Index;330