E-Book, Englisch, 260 Seiten
Dhillon Safety and Human Error in Engineering Systems
Erscheinungsjahr 2013
ISBN: 978-1-4665-0695-4
Verlag: Taylor & Francis
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: Adobe DRM (»Systemvoraussetzungen)
E-Book, Englisch, 260 Seiten
ISBN: 978-1-4665-0695-4
Verlag: Taylor & Francis
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: Adobe DRM (»Systemvoraussetzungen)
In an approach that combines coverage of safety and human error into a single volume, Safety and Human Error in Engineering Systems eliminates the need to consult many different and diverse sources for those who need information about both topics. The book begins with an introduction to aspects of safety and human error and a discussion of mathematical concepts that builds understanding of the material presented in subsequent chapters.
The author describes the methods that can be used to perform safety and human error analysis in engineering systems and includes examples, along with their solutions, as well as problems to test reader comprehension. He presents a total of ten methods considered useful for performing safety and human error analysis in engineering systems. The book also covers safety and human error transportation systems, medical systems, and mining equipment as well as robots and software.
Nowadays, engineering systems are an important element of the world economy as each year billions of dollars are spent to develop, manufacture, and operate various types of engineering systems around the globe. A rise in accidental deaths has put the spotlight on the role human error plays in the safety and failure of these systems. Written by an expert in various aspects of healthcare, engineering management, design, reliability, safety, and quality, this book provides tools and techniques for improving engineering systems with respect to human error and safety.
Autoren/Hrsg.
Fachgebiete
Weitere Infos & Material
Introduction
Background
Facts and Figures
Terms and Definitions
Useful Sources for Obtaining Information on Safety and Human Error in Engineering Systems
Scope of the Book
Problems
References
Basic Mathematical Concepts
Introduction
Range, Median, Arithmetic Mean, and Mean Deviation
Boolean Algebra Laws
Probability Definition and Properties
Basic Probability Distribution-Related Definitions
Probability Distributions
Laplace Transform Definition, Common Laplace Transforms, Final Value Theorem Laplace Transform, and Laplace Transforms’ Application in Solving First-Order
Differential Equations
Examples
Problems
References
Safety and Human Factors and Error Basics
Introduction
Safety and Engineers and Product Hazard Classifications
Common Mechanical Injuries and Common Causes of
Product Liability Exposure
Safety Management Principles and Product Safety
Organization Tasks
Accident Causation Theories
Human Factors Objectives and Man–Machine Comparisons
Typical Human Behaviors and Human Sensory Capacities
Useful Human Factors Guidelines and Mathematical Human Factors-Related Formulas
Human Error Occurrence Examples and Studies, and Reasons
Human Error Types
General Stress Factors and Occupational Stressors
Problems
References
Methods for Performing Safety and Human Error Analysis in Engineering Systems
Introduction
Interface Safety Analysis (ISA)
Technics of Operations Review
Root Cause Analysis
Hazards and Operability Analysis
Preliminary Hazard Analysis
Failure Modes and Effect Analysis (FMEA)
Probability Tree Method
Error-Cause Removal Program
Markov Method
Markov Method Example
Fault Tree Analysis
Problems
References
Transportation Systems Safety
Introduction
Examples of Rail Accidents and Their Causes
Classifications of Rail Accidents by Causes and Effects
Railroad Tank Car Safety
Light-Rail Transit System Safety Issues
Truck Safety-Related Facts and Figures
Truck and Bus Safety-Related Issues
Commonly Cited Truck Safety-Related Problems and Recommendations for Improving Truck Safety
Transit Bus Safety and Important Design-Related Safety Feature Areas
World Airline Accident Analysis and United States Airline-Related Fatalities
Causes of Airplane Crashes
Air Safety-Related Regulatory Bodies and Their Responsibilities
Marine Accidents
Ship Port-Related Hazards
Ship Safety Assessment and Global Maritime Distress Safety System
Problems
References
Medical Systems Safety
Introduction
Facts and Figures
Medical Device Safety versus Reliability and Medical Device Hardware and Software Safety
Types of Medical Device Safety and Essential Safety-Related Requirements for Medical Devices
Safety in Medical Device Life Cycle
Software Issues in Cardiac Rhythm Management Products Safety
Classifications of Medical Device Accident Causes and Legal Aspects of Medical Device Safety
Methods for Performing Medical System Safety Analysis and Considerations for Their Selection
Mining Equipment Safety
Introduction
Facts and Figures
Types of Mining Equipment Involved in Fatal Accidents and the Fatal Accidents’ Breakdowns and Main Causes of Mining Equipment Accidents
Mining Ascending Elevator Accidents, and Fatalities and Injuries Due to Drill Rig, Haul Truck, and Crane Contact with High Tension Power Lines
Programmable Electronic-Related Mining Mishaps and Lessons Learned
Equipment Fire-Related Mining Accidents and Mining Equipment Fire Ignition Sources
Strategies to Reduce Mining Equipment Fires and Useful Guidelines to Improve Electrical Safety in Mines
Human Factors-Related Design Tips for Safer Mining Equipment
Hazardous Area Signaling and Ranging Device (HASARD) Proximity Warning System
Useful Methods to Perform Mining Equipment Safety Analysis
Problems
References
Robot and Software Safety
Introduction
Robot Safety-Related Facts, Figures, and Examples
Robot Accident Classifications and Causes of Robot Hazards
Safety Considerations in Robot Life Cycle
Human Factors Issues in Robotic Safety
Robot Safeguard Methods and a Methodology for Safer Robot Design
General Guidelines to Reduce Robot Safety Problems
Software Safety-Related Facts, Figures, and Examples
Ways That Software Can Contribute to Hazards
Basic Software System Safety-Related Tasks
Software Safety Assurance Program and Useful Software Safety Design-Related Guidelines
Software Hazard Analysis Methods
Problems
References
Human Error in Transportation Systems
Introduction
Railway System Human Error-Related Facts and Figures
Railway Personnel Tasks Prone to Serious Human Error
Typical Human Error Occurrence Areas in Railway Operation
A Useful Checklist of Statements to Reduce Human Error in Railways
Road Transportation Systems Human Error-Related Facts and Figures
Operational Influences on Commercial Driver Performance and Classifications of Driver Errors
Common Driver Errors and Ranking of Driver Errors
Aviation Systems Human Error-Related Facts and Figures
Contributory Factors to Flight Crew Decision Errors
Types of Pilot-Controller Communication-Related Errors and Useful Recommendations for Reducing Them
Organizational-Related Factors in Commercial Aviation Accidents in Regard to Pilot Error
Shipping Systems Human Error-Related Facts and Figures
Marine Industry Human Factors Issues
Approaches to Reduce the Manning Impact on Shipping System Reliability
Problems
References
Human Error in Healthcare Systems and in Mining Equipment
Introduction
Healthcare Systems Human Error-Related Facts and Figures
Medical Device Operator Errors and Medical Devices with a High Incidence of Human Errors
Human Error Causing User-Interface Device Design-Related Problems and Useful Guidelines for Medical Device Control/Display Arrangement and Design, Software Design, Installation, and Alarms with Respect to User Errors
General Guidelines for Reducing Medical Device/Equipment User Interface-Related Errors
An Approach to Human Factors during the Medical Device Development Process to Reduce Human Errors
Causes and Classifications of Human Errors Resulting in Fatal Mine Accidents
Common Mining Equipment-Related Maintenance Errors and Their Contributory Factors
Useful Engineering Design Improvement Guidelines to Reduce Mining Equipment Maintenance Errors and General Factors Responsible for Failing to Reduce Human Errors in the Mining Sector at Large
Methods to Perform Mining Equipment Human Error Analysis
Problems
References
Human Error in Power Plant Maintenance and Aviation Maintenance
Introduction
Power Plant Maintenance Human Error-Related Facts, Figures, and Examples
Classifications of Causes for the Occurrence of Human Errors in Power Plant Maintenance and Their Causal Factors
Maintenance-Related Tasks Most Susceptible to the Occurrence of Human Error in Power Generation
Methods for Performing Human Error Analysis in Power Plant Maintenance
Guidelines to Reduce and Prevent Human Errors in Power Generation Maintenance
Aviation Maintenance Human Error-Related Facts and Figures
Causes for the Occurrence of Human Error in Aviation Maintenance
Types of Human Errors in Aircraft Maintenance Activities and Their Occurrence Frequency and Common Human Errors in Aircraft Maintenance
Maintenance Error Decision Aid (MEDA)
Guidelines to Reducing Human Error in Aircraft Maintenance
Problems
References
Appendix
