d'Epinay Lalive / Rodd Distributed Computer Control Systems 1988

Proceedings of the Eighth IFAC Workshop, Vitznau, Switzerland, 13-15 September 1988
1. Auflage 2014
ISBN: 978-1-4832-9816-0
Verlag: Elsevier Science & Techn.
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, Band Volume 84, 142 Seiten, Web PDF

Reihe: IFAC Workshop Series

Continuing the forward thinking of previously held distributed computer control systems meetings, this volume discusses both the positive and negative views on trends in OSI-based communications; the development of the fieldbus; the importance of the incorporation into basic real time operating systems to be used for distributed systems of concepts such as time-stamping and access to global time-bases; and the influence of artificial-intelligence-based technologies on the distributed computer control world.

Autoren/Hrsg.

d'Epinay Lalive, Th.

Rodd, M. G.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Front Cover;1
2;Distributed Computer Control Systems 1988;4
3;Copyright Page;5
4;Table of Contents;10
5;IFAC WORKSHOP ON DISTRIBUTED COMPUTER CONTROL SYSTEMS 1988;6
6;PREFACE;8
7;PART 1: KEYNOTE ADDRESS;12
7.1;CHAPTER 1. REAL TIME DISTRIBUTED COMPUTER CONTROL SYSTEMS — A REALISTIC PERSPECTIVE;12
7.1.1;BACKGROUND;12
7.1.2;THE FACTS OF LIFE - COMPUTER-STYLE;13
7.1.3;FUTURE CRITICAL ISSUES;17
7.1.4;SUMMARY;19
7.1.5;ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;19
7.1.6;REFERENCES;19
7.1.7;DISCUSSION;20
8;PART 2: THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE FIELDBUS;22
8.1;CHAPTER 2. FIELD BUSES IN MANUFACTURING AUTOMATION: A STUDY OF THE APPLICATION LAYER REQUIREMENTS;22
8.1.1;ABSTRACT;22
8.1.2;INTRODUCTION;22
8.1.3;FIELD BUSES;22
8.1.4;CYCLIC OPERATIONS;23
8.1.5;APPLICATION MANAGEMENT;24
8.1.6;NETWORK MANAGEMENT ON A FIELD BUS;24
8.1.7;A PROPOSAL FOR APPLICATION LAYER SERVICES;24
8.1.8;CONCLUSION;25
8.1.9;REFERENCES;25
8.2;CHAPTER 3. FIELDBUS APPLICATION LAYER: FUNCTIONALITY AND MODELS;26
8.2.1;ABSTRACT;26
8.2.2;1. APPLICATION LAYER FUNCTIONALITY;26
8.2.3;2. APPLICATION LAYER MODELS;28
8.2.4;REFERENCES;31
9;PART 3: ARCHITECTURAL ISSUES;32
9.1;CHAPTER 4. AUTONOMOUS DISTRIBUTED NETWORK ARCHITECTURE FOR CONTROL SYSTEM;32
9.1.1;INTRODUCTION;32
9.1.2;NETWORK ARCHITECTURE;32
9.1.3;NETWORK SOFTWARE;34
9.1.4;EVALUATION IN TRANSPUTER NETWORK;35
9.1.5;APPLICATION TO POWER SYSTEM CONTROL;36
9.1.6;CONCLUSIONS;37
9.1.7;REFERENCES;37
9.1.8;DISCUSSION;38
9.2;CHAPTER 5. CONSISTENCY CONSTRAINTS IN DISTRIBUTED REAL TIME SYSTEMS;40
9.2.1;1. INTRODUCTION;40
9.2.2;2. REALTIME;40
9.2.3;3. REAL TIME ENTITY;41
9.2.4;4. OBSERVATIONS;42
9.2.5;5. CONSISTENCY CONSTRAINTS;43
9.2.6;6. CONCLUSIONS;44
9.2.7;REFERENCES;44
9.2.8;DISCUSSION;45
9.3;CHAPTER 6. THE CONTRACTUAL APPROACH IN THE MARS DESIGN ENVIRONMENT;46
9.3.1;1. INTRODUCTION;46
9.3.2;2. THE MARS DESIGN SYSTEM;47
9.3.3;3. THE CONTRACTUAL APPROACH;48
9.3.4;4. PROJECT MANAGEMENT;50
9.3.5;5. CONCLUSIONS;51
9.3.6;6. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;51
9.3.7;DISCUSSION;52
9.4;CHAPTER 7. EVENT MANAGEMENT AND RENDEZVOUS CONCEPT IN A DISTRIBUTED REAL TIME OPERATING SYSTEM;54
9.4.1;INTRODUCTION;54
9.4.2;2.GENERAL CONCEPTS.;55
9.4.3;3.THE EVENTS IN KERDX:;56
9.4.4;4. KERNET : COMMUNICATION SERVICES;57
9.4.5;CONCLUSION;59
9.4.6;REFERENCES;59
9.4.7;DISCUSSION;59
9.5;CHAPTER 8. VERS: A TOOL FOR DCCS;60
9.5.1;INTRODUCTION;60
9.5.2;VAXELN;60
9.5.3;VERS;61
9.5.4;SYSTEM SETUP UNDER VERS;61
9.5.5;NON-VERS VAXELN PROGRAMS;62
9.5.6;AN EXAMPLE OF A REAL-TIME CONTROL SYSTEM IN VERS;62
9.5.7;COMMUNICATION WITH NON-VAXELN NODES;62
9.5.8;DISTRIBUTED CONTROL USING SEVERAL NODES;62
9.5.9;DATA LINKS BETWEEN SYSTEMS;63
9.5.10;EXAMPLE OF DISTRIBUTED CONTROL;63
9.5.11;CONCLUSIONS;63
9.5.12;LITERATURE;63
9.6;CHAPTER 9. ALPHORN: A TOOLBOX FOR FAULT-TOLERANT, DISTRIBUTED PROCESS CONTROL SYSTEMS;66
9.6.1;INTRODUCTION;66
9.6.2;DISTRIBUTED PROCESS CONTROL;66
9.6.3;PROGRAMMING STYLE;67
9.6.4;REMOTE PROCEDURE CALLS;68
9.6.5;STUBS;68
9.6.6;CONFIGURATION;69
9.6.7;RUNTIME AND DEBUGGING TOOLS;69
9.6.8;FAULT-TOLERANCE SUPPORT;70
9.6.9;CONCLUSION;71
9.6.10;REFERENCES;71
9.6.11;DISCUSSION;72
9.7;CHAPTER 10. A PROPOSAL FOR A DISTRIBUTED REAL TIME OPERATING SYSTEM SUPPORTING THE CLIENT/SERVER CONCEPT;74
9.7.1;1. Introduction;74
9.7.2;2. General Architecture of DRTOS;75
9.7.3;3. The Specification of the Program Invocation Agency:;77
9.7.4;4. Conclusions:;78
9.7.5;5. References:;78
9.7.6;DISCUSSION;78
10;PART 4: FAULT TOLERANCE AND ERROR RECOVERY;80
10.1;CHAPTER 11. DIVERSE AND SELECTIVE FAULT-TOLERANCE IN A DISTRIBUTED ENVIRONMENT;80
10.1.1;1. Introduction;80
10.1.2;2. Replication Techniques;81
10.1.3;3. Specification of Fault-Tolerance;83
10.1.4;4. Support for Replication;84
10.1.5;5. Conclusion;84
10.1.6;6. References;85
10.1.7;DISCUSSION;85
10.2;CHAPTER 12. ON DESIGNING A REAL TIME SYSTEM EXEMPT OF ANY TIMING FAILURE;86
10.2.1;IOTRODUCTION;86
10.2.2;BACKGROUND AND MAIN RESULTS;87
10.2.3;ACCEPTANCE TESTS FOR SPORADIC TASKS;88
10.2.4;THE DEADLINE MECHANISM;89
10.2.5;CONCLUSIONS;90
10.2.6;REFERENCES;90
10.3;CHAPTER 13. AN ANALYSIS OF ERROR RECOVERY PROBLEMS IN DISTRIBUTED COMPUTER CONTROL SYSTEMS;92
10.3.1;INTRODUCTION;92
10.3.2;DEFINITION OF TERMS;92
10.3.3;CLASSES OF SYSTEM;93
10.3.4;ERROR RECOVERY TECHNIQUES;94
10.3.5;BACKWARD ERROR RECOVERY;94
10.3.6;FORWARD ERROR RECOVERY;94
10.3.7;THE REQUIREMENT: REALTIME ERROR RECOVERY;95
10.3.8;PROBLEMS RECOVERY AND ISSUES OF REALTIME ERROR;95
10.3.9;CONCLUSION;96
10.3.10;REFERENCES;96
10.3.11;DISCUSSION;96
11;PART 5: AI TECHNIQUES IN DCCS;98
11.1;CHAPTER 14. A KNOWLEDGE-BASED SYSTEM EMBEDDED IN DISTRIBUTED REAL-TIME CONTROL;98
11.1.1;1. INTRODUCTION;98
11.1.2;2. EXPERT SYSTEMS VERSUS CONTROL;98
11.1.3;3. DISTRIBUTED APPROACH;99
11.1.4;4. TOOLS;99
11.1.5;ENVISAGE;99
11.1.6;MUSIC;99
11.1.7;5. APPLICATION;101
11.1.8;6. CONCLUSIONS;102
11.1.9;7. REFERENCES;103
11.2;CHAPTER 17. A COMMUNICATION PROTOCOL FOR DISTRIBUTED EXPERT SYSTEMS;104
11.2.1;INTRODUCTION;104
11.2.2;SURVEY ON EXISTING COMMUNICATION METHODS;105
11.2.3;THE "COMPOSITE OBJECTS" APPROACH;106
11.2.4;PROTOTYPE IMPLEMENTATION;107
11.2.5;CONCLUSION;109
11.2.6;ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;109
11.2.7;REFERENCES;109
11.2.8;DISCUSSION;109
11.3;CHAPTER 18. STORMCAST — A DISTRIBUTED ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE APPLICATION FOR SEVERE STORM FORECASTING;110
11.3.1;INTRODUCTION;110
11.3.2;DISTRIBUTED ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE;110
11.3.3;EXPERT SYSTEMS IN WEATHER FORECASTING;110
11.3.4;STORMCAST - PREDICTING SEVERE STORMS;111
11.3.5;THE KNOWLEDGE LAYER;111
11.3.6;IMPLEMENTATION DETAILS;113
11.3.7;CONCLUDING REMARKS;113
11.3.8;REFERENCES;113
11.3.9;DISCUSSION;113
12;PART 6: DCCS IN CIM AND PROCESS CONTROL;114
12.1;CHAPTER 19. CIM AND CONTROL FUNCTIONS, HOW THEY ARE SERVICED BY NETWORK PROTOCOLS;114
12.1.1;GIM'S ARCHITECTURE AND NETWORKING HIERARCHY;114
12.1.2;THE OSI PROSPECT;115
12.1.3;SOME COMMENTS ON IEEE 502;116
12.1.4;THE DORMANT BEAUTY: ROUTINE BROADCAST;116
12.1.5;MAP UP-DATE;116
12.1.6;FIELD BUS STANDARDS;117
12.1.7;MULTIPROCESSOR HUB FOR LEVEL 3;119
12.1.8;CONCLUSION;119
12.1.9;REFERENCES;119
12.2;CHAPTER 20. TOTAL C.I.M. SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE FOR CONTINUOUS PROCESS INDUSTRIES AND DISTRIBUTED SYSTEM TECHNOLOGY;120
12.2.1;INTRODUCTION;120
12.2.2;CIM IN CONTINUOUS PROCESS INDUSTRIES;120
12.2.3;SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE;122
12.2.4;ON-LINE PROCESS DATABASE ACCESS;123
12.2.5;ON-LINE EXPERT SYSTEM;124
12.2.6;CONCLUSIONS;126
12.2.7;REFERENCE;126
12.2.8;DISCUSSION;126
12.3;CHAPTER 21. NETWORK MANAGEMENT AND CONTROL IN A DISTRIBUTED CIM ENVIRONMENT;128
12.3.1;1 Introduction;128
12.3.2;2 The BERCIM Environment;128
12.3.3;3 Quality of Service;129
12.3.4;4 Architecture of the BERCIM Communicati on System;129
12.3.5;5 The Management System;130
12.3.6;6 Conclusions: CIM and BERKOM Relevance;133
12.3.7;Acknowledgement;133
12.3.8;References;133
12.3.9;DISCUSSION;134
12.4;CHAPTER 22. IMPLEMENTATION OF A DISTRIBUTED COMPUTER CONTROL SYSTEM AT THE LOS ALAMOS PROTON STORAGE RING;136
12.4.1;Reasons for Changing the System;137
12.4.2;Future PSR Control system;137
12.4.3;Present State of the Conversion;139
12.4.4;Test Results on the Prototype System;139
12.4.5;Conclusions;140
12.4.6;References;140
12.4.7;ROUND TABLE DISCUSSIONS;142
13;PART 7: PANEL DISCUSSION;142
14;AUTHOR INDEX;144