Demirbas Biohydrogen

For Future Engine Fuel Demands
2009
ISBN: 978-1-84882-511-6
Verlag: Springer
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, 276 Seiten

Reihe: Green Energy and Technology

Biohydrogen: For Future Engine Fuel Demands covers the production, purification, storage, pipeline transport, usage, and safety of biohydrogen. Hydrogen promises to be the most significant fuel source of the future, due to its global availability and the fact that water is its only by-product. Biofuels such as bioethanol, biodiesel, bio-oil, and biohydrogen are produced using technologies for thermochemically and biologically converting biomass. Hydrogen fuel production technologies can make use of either non-renewable sources, or renewable sources such as wind, solar, and biorenewable resources. Biohydrogen: For Future Engine Fuel Demands reviews all of the modern biomass-based transportation fuels, including bioethanol, biodiesel, biogas, biohydrogen, and fuel cells. The book also discusses issues of biohydrogen economy, policy and environmental impact. Biohydrogen looks set to be the fuel of choice in the future, replacing both fossil fuels and biorenewable liquid fuels.

Ayhan Demirbas is a full professor at Sila Science and Energy, Turkey. He was a professor in Energy Technologies Science at Karadeniz Technical University, Turkey, between 1991 and 2001, and at Selcuk University, Turkey, from 2003 to 2007. His research is mainly concerned with renewable and sustainable energy.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Demirbas, Ayhan

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Preface;5
2;Contents;8
3;Chapter 1 Introduction;12
3.1;1.1 Introduction;12
3.2;1.2 Conventional Fossil Fuel Sources;16
3.3;1.3 Unconventional Fossil Fuel Sources;25
3.4;1.4 Renewable Energy Sources;29
3.5;1.5 Nuclear Fuel Sources;47
3.6;Summary;50
3.7;References;50
4;Chapter 2 Fuels from Biomass;54
4.1;2.1 Introduction;54
4.2;2.2 Biomass Feedstocks;56
4.3;2.3 The Chemistry of Biomass;60
4.4;2.4 Production of Fuels from Wood Sources;63
4.5;2.5 Production of Fuels from Crops;63
4.6;Summary;69
4.7;References;69
5;Chapter 3 Biofuels;71
5.1;3.1 Introduction;71
5.2;3.2 Bioethanol;74
5.3;3.3 Other Bioalcohols;75
5.4;3.4 Biorefinery;77
5.5;3.5 Biodiesel;81
5.6;3.6 Biogas;84
5.7;3.7 Landfill Gas;88
5.8;3.8 Fischer–Tropsch Liquids from Biorenewable Feedstocks;89
5.9;Summary;92
5.10;References;93
6;Chapter 4 Transportation Fuels;95
6.1;4.1 Introduction;95
6.2;4.2 Liquefied Petroleum Gas;99
6.3;4.3 Compressed Natural Gas;101
6.4;4.4 Hydrogen;103
6.5;4.5 Electricity;104
6.6;4.6 Solar;104
6.7;4.7 Biorenewable Liquid Fuels;104
6.8;Summary;113
6.9;References;114
7;Chapter 5 Hydrogen;115
7.1;5.1 Introduction;115
7.2;5.2 History;116
7.3;5.3 Properties of Hydrogen;117
7.4;5.4 Fuel Properties of Hydrogen;118
7.5;5.5 Hydrogen Production Processes;120
7.6;5.6 Storage of Hydrogen;144
7.7;5.7 Hydrogen Storage Materials;151
7.8;5.8 Hydrogen Fuel for Internal Combustion Engine;155
7.9;5.9 Liquefaction and Compression of Hydrogen;158
7.10;Summary;162
7.11;References;163
8;Chapter 6 Biohydrogen;172
8.1;6.1 Introduction;172
8.2;6.2 Definition;173
8.3;6.3 History;173
8.4;6.4 Hydrogen from Biorenewables via Biological Processes;175
8.5;6.5 Hydrogen from Biorenewables via Thermochemical Processes;185
8.6;Summary;223
8.7;References;223
9;Chapter 7 Fuel Cells;229
9.1;7.1 Introduction;229
9.2;7.2 Fundamentals of a Fuel Cell;232
9.3;7.3 Different Types of Fuel Cells;234
9.4;7.4 Catalysts Used in Fuel Cells;239
9.5;7.5 Use of Alternative Fuel in Fuel Cells;241
9.6;7.6 Hybrid Electric Vehicles and Supercapacitors;243
9.7;Summary;245
9.8;References;246
10;Chapter 8 The Hydrogen Economy;248
10.1;8.1 Introduction;248
10.2;8.2 Cost of Hydrogen;250
10.3;Summary;256
10.4;References;257
11;Chapter 9 Hydrogen Policy;259
11.1;9.1 Introduction;259
11.2;9.2 Political, Environmental, and Economical Impacts of Hydrogen;260
11.3;9.3 Global Biofuel Projections;263
11.4;Summary;266
11.5;References;266
12;Chapter 10 Environmental Impacts of Hydrogen;268
12.1;10.1 Introduction;268
12.2;10.2 Environmental Impacts of Hydrogen;270
12.3;Summary;273
12.4;References;274
13;Index;275