Cui / Shurtleff Neuroimmune Signaling in Drug Actions and Addictions

1. Auflage 2014
ISBN: 978-0-12-801438-7
Verlag: Elsevier Science & Techn.
Format: EPUB
Kopierschutz: 6 - ePub Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, Band 118, 512 Seiten

Reihe: International Review of Neurobiology

This well-established international series examines major areas of basic and clinical research within neuroscience, as well as emerging and promising subfields. This volume concentrates on Neuroimmune Signaling in Drug Actions and Addictions. - This book looks at neuroimmune signaling in drug actions and addictions in the light of the newest scholarly discoveries and insights

Autoren/Hrsg.

Cui, Changhai

Shurtleff, David

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Front Cover;1
2;Neuroimmune Signaling in Drug Actions and Addictions;4
3;Copyright;5
4;Contents;6
5;Contributors;12
6;Chapter One: Neuroimmune Mechanisms of Alcohol and Drug Addiction;16
6.1;1. Introduction;17
6.2;2. Neuroimmune Modulation of Synaptic Function;17
6.3;3. Neuroinflammation;18
6.4;4. Neuroimmune Molecules in Neurodevelopment;19
6.5;5. Neuroimmune Factors Modulate Neuroendocrine Function;20
6.6;6. Neuroimmune Mechanism and Addiction;20
6.7;7. Summary;22
6.8;References;23
7;Chapter Two: Neuroimmune Pathways in Alcohol Consumption: Evidence from Behavioral and Genetic Studies in Rodents and Humans;28
7.1;1. Introduction;29
7.2;2. Immune Regulation of Ethanol Consumption and Ethanol Regulation of Immune Signaling;29
7.3;3. Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors: Anti-Inflammatory Action and Role in Alcohol Consumption;36
7.4;4. Alcohol Consumption and Neuroimmune-Related Gene Expression;39
7.5;5. Alcohol Consumption and Neuroimmune-Related microRNAs;41
7.6;6. Conclusions;45
7.7;Acknowledgments;46
7.8;References;46
8;Chapter Three: Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders and Neuroimmune Changes;56
8.1;1. Overview of Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders;57
8.2;2. Normal Brain Development;58
8.3;3. FASD Neuropathology in Humans;58
8.4;4. FASD Neuropathology in Animal Models;60
8.5;5. Behavioral Consequences in Humans with FASD;62
8.6;6. Behavioral Consequences in Rodent Models of FASD;63
8.7;7. Overview: Alcohol Effects on Immune Response in the Brain;64
8.8;8. Microglia;65
8.8.1;8.1. Overview;65
8.8.2;8.2. Role in the CNS development;65
8.8.3;8.3. Function in the healthy CNS;66
8.8.4;8.4. Immune response;68
8.9;9. Potential Long-Term Consequences of Immune Activation in the Developing CNS;69
8.10;10. Link Between Ethanol and Immune Responses;70
8.10.1;10.1. Human studies;70
8.10.2;10.2. Animal studies;71
8.10.3;10.3. Signaling pathways;73
8.11;11. Therapies;76
8.11.1;11.1. Early diagnosis of FASD;76
8.11.2;11.2. Development of novel anti-inflammatory therapies for FASD;77
8.11.2.1;11.2.1. Pioglitazone;77
8.11.2.2;11.2.2. Minocycline;78
8.11.2.3;11.2.3. Naltrexone;79
8.12;12. Conclusions;79
8.13;Acknowledgments;81
8.14;References;81
9;Chapter Four: Role of Microglia in Regulation of Ethanol Neurotoxic Action;96
9.1;1. Introduction;97
9.2;2. Microglial Cell Functions in the CNS;98
9.2.1;2.1. Microglial response to pathogens and tissue damage;99
9.2.2;2.2. Microglia, inflammation, and cell death;100
9.2.3;2.3. Microglial modulation of neuronal activity and development;100
9.3;3. Microglial Mechanisms of the Neurotoxic Effects of Alcohol;101
9.3.1;3.1. Alcohol-induced microglial activation, inflammation, and neurotoxicity;102
9.3.2;3.2. Alcohol-induced microglial production of ROS and neurotoxicity;102
9.4;4. Protective Effects of Microglia;104
9.5;5. Alcohol-Related Disease, Neurotoxicity, and Microglia;105
9.5.1;5.1. Adult alcohol-use disorders;106
9.5.2;5.2. Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders;111
9.5.3;5.3. Microglia priming hypothesis;112
9.6;6. Summary and Future Directions;113
9.7;Acknowledgments;114
9.8;References;114
10;Chapter Five: Functions of the Chemokine Receptor CXCR4 in the Central Nervous System and Its Regulation by µ-Opioid Rece...;120
10.1;1. Chemokine System Overview;121
10.2;2. Opioid System Overview;123
10.3;3. CXCR4 and Opioids Actions in the Central Nervous System;124
10.3.1;3.1. Physiological and pathological roles of CXCR4;125
10.3.2;3.2. Effects of opioids on neuronal and non-neuronal cells;127
10.4;4. CXCR4 Interactions with Opioids;129
10.4.1;4.1. Heterologous desensitization;129
10.4.2;4.2. Transcriptional regulation/changes in expression;131
10.4.3;4.3. Receptor dimerization;132
10.4.4;4.4. Novel regulatory mechanisms: Ferritin heavy chain;133
10.5;5. Chemokine and Opioid Interactions in HAND;134
10.6;6. Gaps and Future Challenges;135
10.7;Acknowledgments;136
10.8;References;137
11;Chapter Six: Discovery of a Novel Site of Opioid Action at the Innate Immune Pattern-Recognition Receptor TLR4 and its Ro...;144
11.1;1. Introduction;145
11.2;2. Innate Immunity of the Central Nervous System;146
11.3;3. Parallels Between an Immune Response to Lipopolysaccharide and Opioids;147
11.4;4. How Immune Mediators Can Alter Behavior;151
11.5;5. Stress and the Central Nervous System´s Innate Immune System;153
11.6;6. Addiction;154
11.6.1;6.1. Opponent theory and allostasis;156
11.7;7. Integrating Addiction Neuroscience with Immunology;158
11.7.1;7.1. Binge and intoxication;161
11.7.2;7.2. Withdrawal and negative affect;164
11.7.2.1;7.2.1. Within system adaptations-A desensitized reward pathway;166
11.7.2.2;7.2.2. Between system adaptations-Recruitment of antireward pathway;166
11.7.3;7.3. Preoccupation and craving;169
11.8;8. Conclusion;171
11.9;References;172
12;Chapter Seven: Neuroimmune Basis of Methamphetamine Toxicity;180
12.1;1. Introduction;181
12.2;2. Part 1;181
12.2.1;2.1. Microglia and astrocytes;181
12.2.1.1;2.1.1. Microglia;182
12.2.1.2;2.1.2. Astrocytes;188
12.2.2;2.2. Inflammatory signaling;189
12.2.3;2.3. Molecular/cellular: receptors and transporters;190
12.2.3.1;2.3.1. Neurotransmitter modulation of methamphetamine´s inflammatory effects;190
12.3;3. Part 2;193
12.3.1;3.1. Animal models;193
12.4;4. Part 3;194
12.4.1;4.1. Blood-brain barrier and clinical considerations;194
12.4.1.1;4.1.1. Blood-brain barrier;194
12.4.1.2;4.1.2. Methamphetamine exposure and BBB integrity;195
12.4.1.3;4.1.3. Clinical picture: immune signaling in addictive and related behaviors;196
12.4.1.4;4.1.4. Chronic infection with human immunodeficiency virus and/or hepatitis C virus;197
12.5;5. Part 4;199
12.5.1;5.1. Vaccine development;199
12.5.2;5.2. Neuroimmune-based and other anti-inflammatory treatment strategies;199
12.5.3;5.3. Future directions;201
12.6;Acknowledgments;203
12.7;References;203
13;Chapter Eight: Marijuana Use and Brain Immune Mechanisms;214
13.1;1. Introduction;215
13.2;2. Phytocannabinoids and Immune Function;217
13.3;3. Immune Modulation and Cannabinoid Receptors;218
13.4;4. Marijuana and Neuroimmunity;220
13.5;5. Effect of Phytocannabinoids on Microglia;222
13.6;6. Marijuana and Astrocytes;226
13.7;7. Marijuana and Infectious Agents That Target the CNS;230
13.8;8. Summary and Future Prospectives;235
13.9;References;238
14;Chapter Nine: Interactions of HIV and Drugs of Abuse: The Importance of Glia, Neural Progenitors, and Host Genetic Factors;246
14.1;1. Introduction;247
14.1.1;1.1. Opiates and HIV-Preclinical and clinical findings;248
14.1.2;1.2. Psychostimulants and HIV;250
14.1.3;1.3. The central role of glia;254
14.2;2. Microglia;254
14.2.1;2.1. Microglia as innate immune effectors;254
14.2.2;2.2. Microglia and HIV;255
14.2.2.1;2.2.1. Opioid and HIV actions in microglia;257
14.2.2.2;2.2.2. Psychostimulant and HIV actions in microglia;262
14.2.2.2.1;2.2.2.1. Methamphetamine and HIV;262
14.3;3. Astroglia;266
14.3.1;3.1. Critical functions in neuronal support and gliotransmission;266
14.3.2;3.2. Innate immune effectors;267
14.3.3;3.3. Astroglia and HIV;267
14.3.4;3.4. Effects of opiates and HIV in astroglia;269
14.3.5;3.5. Effects of psychostimulants and HIV in astroglia;272
14.4;4. Genetic Factors That Modulate HIV-1 Infectivity and Neuropathogenesis;274
14.4.1;4.1. Introduction;274
14.4.1.1;4.1.1. Mitochondrial genetics;277
14.4.2;4.2. Gene variation in opiate drug abuse and HIV interactions;278
14.5;5. Neural/Glial Progenitors and HIV;282
14.5.1;5.1. Opiate and opiate-HIV interactions on progenitors and cell populations;287
14.5.2;5.2. Psychostimulant-HIV interactions on progenitors and cell populations;288
14.6;6. Conclusions;290
14.7;Acknowledgments;291
14.8;References;291
15;Chapter Ten: Neuroimmune Basis of Alcoholic Brain Damage;330
15.1;1. Introduction;331
15.2;2. Alcohol-Induced Neurodegeneration and Alcoholism;332
15.3;3. Loss of Neurogenesis Could Contribute to Alcoholic Neurodegeneration;336
15.4;4. Monocytes and Innate Immune Genes;337
15.5;5. Alcohol, Neuroimmune Signaling, and Neurodegeneration;342
15.6;6. Ethanol Induction of HMGB1-TLR Signaling in Brain;351
15.7;7. NADPH Oxidase and Neurodegeneration;352
15.8;8. Neuroimmune Signaling, Hyperexcitability, and Neuronal Death;353
15.9;9. Adolescence: A Major Period of Risk for Alcohol Dependence;355
15.10;10. Neuroimmune Gene Expression in Postmortem Human Alcoholic Brain;362
15.11;11. Summary;363
15.12;References;363
16;Chapter Eleven: Converging Actions of Alcohol on Liver and Brain Immune Signaling;374
16.1;1. Introduction;375
16.2;2. Pathology and Cellular Characteristics of Neuroinflammation After Alcohol Exposure;376
16.2.1;2.1. Microglia and astrocytes;376
16.2.2;2.2. Neurons;377
16.2.3;2.3. Cytokines and chemokines;378
16.3;3. Molecular Mechanisms of Alcohol-Induced Neuroinflammation;379
16.3.1;3.1. Pattern recognition receptors sense danger signals in the brain (TLRs and NLRs);379
16.3.2;3.2. Exogenous and endogenous danger signals are induced by alcohol use;381
16.3.3;3.3. Micro-RNAs;383
16.3.4;3.4. Oxidative stress;385
16.4;4. Crosstalk Between Organs;385
16.4.1;4.1. Gut-liver-brain axis;385
16.5;5. Therapeutic Targets;387
16.5.1;5.1. General consideration;387
16.5.2;5.2. TNFa system;387
16.5.3;5.3. IL-1ß system;387
16.5.4;5.4. miR-155;388
16.5.5;5.5. HMGB1;388
16.5.6;5.6. TLR4 pathway;388
16.6;6. Conclusions;388
16.7;References;389
17;Chapter Twelve: Opportunities for the Development of Neuroimmune Therapies in Addiction;396
17.1;1. Introduction;397
17.1.1;1.1. Neuroinflammation and alcohol dependence;397
17.1.2;1.2. Neuroinflammation and MA dependence;398
17.1.3;1.3. Neuroinflammation and HIV;400
17.2;2. Neuroimmune Treatments;401
17.2.1;2.1. Ibudilast;401
17.2.2;2.2. Minocycline and doxycycline;403
17.2.3;2.3. Topiramate;404
17.2.4;2.4. Indomethacin;405
17.2.5;2.5. Rolipram;405
17.2.6;2.6. Anakinra (IL-1Ra);406
17.2.7;2.7. PPAR agonists;406
17.2.8;2.8. Naltrexone/naloxone;407
17.2.9;2.9. Summary and conclusions;408
17.3;References;409
18;Chapter Thirteen: NeuroHIV and Use of Addictive Substances;418
18.1;1. Brain-Immune Interactions: Induction of Neuroinflammation by Systemic Infections;419
18.2;2. Medical Uses and Adverse Effects of Addictive Substances;423
18.3;3. HIV-1 Infection and HIV-Associated Neuropathology;427
18.4;4. HIV-1 Infection, NeuroHIV, and the Use of Addictive Substances;429
18.4.1;4.1. Addiction and neuroHIV;429
18.4.2;4.2. Endogenous opioid system;430
18.4.3;4.3. HIV-1 and the dopaminergic system;430
18.4.4;4.4. Morphine and neuroHIV;431
18.4.5;4.5. Alcohol and HIV-1;432
18.4.6;4.6. Nicotine and HIV-1;433
18.4.7;4.7. Interactive effects of alcohol and nicotine in neuroHIV;434
18.4.8;4.8. Cocaine and HIV-1;435
18.4.9;4.9. Methamphetamine and HIV-1;436
18.4.10;4.10. Marijuana and HIV-1;437
18.4.11;4.11. Summary;438
18.5;5. Conclusion;438
18.6;References;440
19;Index;456
20;Contents of Recent Volumes;472