Cheremisinoff Consulting Engineer Condensed Encyclopedia of Polymer Engineering Terms

1. Auflage 2012
ISBN: 978-0-08-050282-3
Verlag: Elsevier Science & Techn.
Format: EPUB
Kopierschutz: 6 - ePub Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, 800 Seiten

This reference book provides a comprehensive overview of the nature, manufacture, structure, properties, processing, and applications of commercially available polymers. The main feature of the book is the range of topics from both theory and practice, which means that physical properties and applications of the materials concerned are described in terms of the theory, chemistry and manufacturing constraints which apply to them. It will therefore enable scientists to understand the commercial implications of their work as well as providing polymer technologists, engineers and designers with a theoretical background. - Provides a comprehensive overview of commercially available polymers - Offers a unique mix of theory and application - Essential for both scientists and technologists

Nicholas P. Cheremisinoff, Ph.D. (Ch.E.) is Director of Clean Technologies and Pollution Prevention Projects at PERI (Princeton Energy Resources International, LLC, Rockville, MD). He has led hundreds of pollution prevention audits and demonstrations; training programs on modern process design practices and plant safety; environmental management and product quality programs; and site assessments and remediation plans for both public and private sector clients throughout the world. He frequently serves as expert witness on personal injury and third-party property damage litigations arising from environmental catastrophes. Dr. Cheremisinoff has contributed extensively to the literature of environmental and chemical engineering as author, co-author, or editor of 150 technical reference books, including Butterworth-Heinemann's Handbook of Chemical Processing Equipment, and Green Profits.He holds advanced degrees in chemical engineering from Clarkson College of Technology.'

Autoren/Hrsg.

Cheremisinoff Consulting Engineer, Nicholas P

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Front Cover;1
2;Condensed Encyclopedia of Polymer Engineering Terms;4
3;Copyright Page;5
4;PREFACE;6
5;ABOUT THE AUTHOR;7
6;ABBREVIATIONS OF POLYMERS;8
7;Chapter A;14
7.1;ABS (ACRYLONITRILE BUTADIENE STYRENE);14
7.2;ACCELERATORS;15
7.3;ACRYLIC RESIN;19
7.4;ACRYLIC (POLYACRYLATE);20
7.5;ACTIVATORS;20
7.6;ADDITIVE;20
7.7;ADHESIVES;20
7.8;AIR COOLED HEAT EXCHANGER;23
7.9;ALCOHOL;24
7.10;ALKALI;26
7.11;ALKYL;28
7.12;AMBIENT;29
7.13;AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDS INSTITUTE (ANSI);29
7.14;AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS;29
7.15;AMORPHOUS;31
7.16;ANSI;32
7.17;ANTIOXIDANTS;32
7.18;ANTIOZONANT;35
7.19;APPARENT VISCOSITY;36
7.20;AROMATIC;36
7.21;ATOMIC ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY;39
7.22;AUTO-IGNITION TEMPERATURE;40
8;Chapter B;45
8.1;BATCH INTENSIVE MIXING;45
8.2;BASE;45
8.3;BENZENE;45
8.4;BIREFRINGENCE;45
8.5;BLOCK COPOLYMERS;46
8.6;BOILING POINT;47
8.7;BULK POLYMERIZATION;47
8.8;BLOWN-FILM EXTRUSION;47
8.9;BLOW MOLDING;48
8.10;BROOKFIELD VISCOSITY;51
8.11;BUTANE;51
8.12;BUTYL (IIR);51
9;Chapter C;52
9.1;CALENDERING;52
9.2;CALORIE;53
9.3;CAPILLARY VISCOMETER;54
9.4;CARBON BLACK;55
9.5;CARBON TYPE ANALYSIS;57
9.6;CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS;57
9.7;CASTING;57
9.8;CAVITATION;58
9.9;CELLULAR PLASTICS;58
9.10;CELLULOSE ACETATE PROPIONATE;60
9.11;CHEMICAL ANTIOZONANTS;61
9.12;CHEMICAL RESISTANCE;63
9.13;CHEMICAL TRANSPORTATION EMERGENCY CENTER;67
9.14;CHLORINATED POLYVINYL CHLORIDE (CPVC);68
9.15;CHLOROPRENE OR NEOPRENE, AND DESIGNATED CR;69
9.16;CHLOROSULPHONATED POLYETHYLENE;69
9.17;CHROMATOGRAPHY;70
9.18;CLEVELAND OPEN CUP (COC);71
9.19;CLOSED CUP METHOD;71
9.20;CLOUD POINT TEMPERATURE;71
9.21;COATING;71
9.22;CODE OF FEDERAL REGULATIONS;71
9.23;COEXTRUSION;72
9.24;COKNEADER;73
9.25;COLD-FLOW IMPROVER;73
9.26;COLD MOLDING;73
9.27;COLORANTS;74
9.28;COMPOSITES;74
9.29;COMPOUNDED OIL;74
9.30;COMPOUNDING;74
9.31;COMPRESSION SET;75
9.32;CONDENSERS;76
9.33;CONE-PLATE RHEOMETER;79
9.34;CONGEALING POINT;80
9.35;CONTROL CHARTS;80
9.36;COPOLYMERS;82
9.37;COMPRESSION MOLDING;83
9.38;COMPRESSION MOLDS;84
9.39;CODETTE RHEOMETER;86
9.40;CRACKING;86
9.41;CROSS-LINKED POLYMERS;86
9.42;CREEP RUPTURE;88
9.43;CRYSTALLINE POLYMER;89
9.44;CRYSTALLIZATION;89
9.45;CURE RHEOMETER;91
9.46;CURE TIME;92
9.47;CUSUM CHART;93
10;Chapter D;95
10.1;DEGRADABLE PLASTICS;95
10.2;DEMULSIBILITY;95
10.3;DEMULSIFIER;95
10.4;DENATURING OIL;95
10.5;DE-OILING;95
10.6;DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (DOT);95
10.7;DETERGENT;96
10.8;DEWAXING;96
10.9;DIE SWELL;96
10.10;DIFFERENTIAL SCANNING CALORIMETRY (DSC);97
10.11;DILUENT;97
10.12;DISTILLATE;98
10.13;DISTILLATION;98
10.14;DISTILLATION TEST;98
10.15;DISTRIBUTIVE MIXING;99
10.16;DRAWING COMPOUND;100
10.17;DRY SPINNING;100
10.18;DYNAMIC DEMULSIBILITY;101
10.19;DYNAMIC MECHANICAL THERMAL ANALYSIS (DMTA);101
11;Chapter E;102
11.1;ELASTO-HYDRODYNAMIC (EHD) LUBRICATION;102
11.2;ELASTICOVISCOUS FLUIDS;102
11.3;ELASTOMERS;103
11.4;EMBOSSING;104
11.5;EMULSION POLYMERIZATION;104
11.6;EMULSION;104
11.7;EWMA CONTROL CHART;104
11.8;ENERGY;108
11.9;EP ADDITIVE;108
11.10;EPOXY RESINS;109
11.11;EP RUBBERS;111
11.12;EP TERPOLYMER;112
11.13;ESTER;113
11.14;EVA (ETHYLENE VINYL ACETATE);113
11.15;EVAPORATION;115
11.16;EXTENSIONAL RHEOMETRY;115
11.17;EXTRUSION;115
12;Chapter F;117
12.1;FABRICATION PROCESSES;117
12.2;FATIGUE TESTING;117
12.3;FDA (FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION);119
12.4;FMERGLASS;119
12.5;FMER ORIENTATION;119
12.6;FIBER REINFORCEMENT;120
12.7;FIRE POINT;120
12.8;FLAME IONIZATION;121
12.9;FLAMMABLE LIMITS;121
12.10;FLAMMABILITY RANGE;121
12.11;FLASH POINT;121
12.12;FOAMING;121
12.13;FOAMED THERMOPLASTICS;122
12.14;FOAMED THERMOSETS;122
12.15;FOOD ADDITIVE;123
12.16;FOUR-BALL METHOD;123
12.17;FREEZING POINT;123
12.18;FRETTING;124
12.19;FRICTION;124
13;Chapter G;125
13.1;GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY;125
13.2;GAS-PHASE POLYMERIZATION;125
13.3;GEL PERMEATION CHROMATOGRAPHY;125
13.4;GPC/DRI/LALLS;126
13.5;GPC/DRI/VIS;127
13.6;GPC/DRI/UV;127
13.7;GPC/DRI/FrIR;128
13.8;GRAFTING (RADIATION TYPE);128
14;Chapter H;129
14.1;HALF-LIFE;129
14.2;HALOGEN;130
14.3;HALOGENATED HYDROCARBONS;130
14.4;HAND LAY-UP TECHNIQUE;133
14.5;HDPE (HIGH DENSITY POLYETHYLENE);133
14.6;HMWDPE (HIGH MOLECULAR WEIGHT POLYETHYLENE);139
14.7;HEAT OF COMBUSTION;140
14.8;HEAT OF DECOMPOSITION;140
14.9;HEAT OF SOLUTION;140
14.10;HEAT OF POLYMERIZATION;141
14.11;HEPTANE;141
14.12;HEXANE;141
14.13;HIGH-PRESSURE POLYMERIZATION;141
14.14;HIGH IMPACT POLYSTYRENE (HIPS);143
14.15;HOMOGENIZATION;144
14.16;HUMIDITY;144
14.17;HYDROCARBON;144
14.18;HYDROCARBON WAXES;144
15;Chapter I;147
15.1;IGNITION TEMPERATURE;147
15.2;ICP ATOMIC EMISSION SPECTROSCOPY;147
15.3;IMPACT STRENGTH;148
15.4;INJECTION MOLDING;150
15.5;INJECTION STRETCH BLOW MOLDING;152
15.6;IN-LINE SCREW INJECTION MOLDS;154
15.7;INTERNAL BATCH MIXERS;154
15.8;INTERNAL MIXING PROCEDURES;157
15.9;ION CHROMATOGRAPHY (IC);157
15.10;IONOMERS (SURLYN);159
15.11;ION SELECTIVE ELECTRODES (ISE);160
15.12;ISO (INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR STANDARDIZATION);161
15.13;ISO STANDARDS;163
16;Chapter J;165
16.1;JELLY, WHITE PETROLEUM;165
16.2;JETNESS;165
16.3;JOULE;165
16.4;JOULE'S LAW;166
16.5;JOULE-THOMSON EFFECT;166
17;Chapter K;166
17.1;KINEMATIC VISCOSITY;166
17.2;KINETIC ENERGY;166
17.3;KNIT LINE;167
18;Chapter L;168
18.1;LAMINATION;168
18.2;LATENT HEAT OF VAPORIZATION;169
18.3;LATE TOXICITY;169
18.4;LETHAL CONCENTRATION;169
18.5;LETHAL DOSE;169
18.6;LOW DENSITY POLYETHYLENE (LDPE);170
18.7;LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY;172
18.8;LIQUID CRYSTAL POLYMERS;173
18.9;LIQUID HEAT CAPACITY;175
18.10;LIQUID VISCOSITY;176
18.11;LLDPE (LOW LINEAR DENSITY POLYETHYLENE);176
18.12;LONG CHAIN BRANCHING;177
19;Chapter M;178
19.1;MACHINING;178
19.2;MASTIC;178
19.3;MASS SPECTROMETRY (MS and GC/MS);178
19.4;MATCHED MOLD FORMING;179
19.5;MBS (POLYMETHACRYLATE BUTADIENE STYRENE);180
19.6;MELAMlNES;180
19.7;MELTING POINT OF WAX;181
19.8;MELT PHASE THERMOFORMING;181
19.9;MELT FLOW INDEXER;181
19.10;MELT FRACTURE;181
19.11;MELT SPINNING;182
19.12;MICROSCOPY;183
19.13;MILL MIXING;184
19.14;MINERAL SPIRITS;185
19.15;MIXING PRACTICES;185
19.16;MOLDS;187
19.17;MOLECULAR WEIGHT;188
19.18;MOONEY VISCOSITY;190
19.19;MULTIPLE-SCREW EXTRUDERS;191
20;Chapter N;196
20.1;NATIONAL BUREAU OF STANDARDS (NBS);196
20.2;NATIONAL ELECTRICAL MANUFACTURERS ASSOCIATION (NEMA);196
20.3;NATIONAL FIRE PROTECTION ASSOCIATION (NFPA);196
20.4;NATIONAL SANITATION FOUNDATION (NSF);197
20.5;NATURAL RUBBER (NBR;197
20.6;NFPA HAZARD CLASSIFICATION;198
20.7;NITRILE RUBBERS (NBR);199
20.8;NOVOLAC RESINS;204
20.9;NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROMETER;205
21;Chapter O;206
21.1;OIL CONTENT OF PETROLEUM WAX;206
21.2;OSCILLATING DISC RHEOMETER (ODR);206
21.3;OZONE CRACKING;209
22;Chapter P;213
22.1;PACKING GROUP;213
22.2;PAEK(POLYARYLETHERKETONE);213
22.3;PBT (POLYBUTYLENE TEREPHTALATE);214
22.4;PEEK (POLYETHERETHERKETONE);215
22.5;PEl (POLYETHERIMIDE);216
22.6;PEKEKK(POLYETHERKETONEETHERKETONEKETONE);216
22.7;PENETROMETER;217
22.8;PEROXIDES;217
22.9;PEROXIDE CROSS-LINKING;219
22.10;PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT;221
22.11;PES (POLYETHERSULFONE);221
22.12;PET (POLYETHYLENE TEREPHTALATE);222
22.13;PETG (POLYETHYLENE TEREPHTALATE GLYCOL);224
22.14;PHENOLICS;225
22.15;PIPE OR TUBE EXTRUSION;225
22.16;PLASMA POLYMERIZATION;226
22.17;PLASTICS TECHNICAL EVALUATION CENTER (PLASTEC);226
22.18;PLASTICITY;227
22.19;PLASTICIZERS;227
22.20;PLASTISOLS AND ORGANOSOLS;227
22.21;PLATE-AND-FRAME HEAT EXCHANGER;227
22.22;PLUNGER-TYPE TRANSFER MOLDING;229
22.23;PMMA (POLYMETHYLMETHACRYLATE (ACRYLIC));230
22.24;POLAR COMPOUND;231
22.25;POLYACRYLONITRILE;232
22.26;POLYAMIDE;232
22.27;POLYARYLSULFONE(PAS);238
22.28;POLYBLENDS;239
22.29;POLYBUTYLENE (PB);241
22.30;POLY(BUTYLENE TEREPHTHALATE) (PBT);241
22.31;POLYCARBONATE (PC)/ABS BLENDS;241
22.32;POLY(CYCLOHEXANEDIMETHYLENE TEREPHTHALATE) (PCT);244
22.33;POLYETHYLENE;244
22.34;POLY(ETHYLENE 2,6-NAPHTHALENEDICARBOXYLATE) (PEN);248
22.35;POLY(ETHERETHERKETONE) (PEEK);248
22.36;POLYIMIDE (TPI);248
22.37;POLY(METHYL METHACRYLATE) (PMMA);249
22.38;POLYPROPYLENE (PP);249
22.39;POLYOXYMETHYLENE(POM);253
22.40;POLYSTYRENE CRYSTAL (XPS);253
22.41;POLYSULFONE (PSO);255
22.42;POLYSULPHIDES;256
22.43;POLYURETHANES;256
22.44;POLY(VINYL ALCOHOL);258
22.45;POLY(VINYL CHLORIDE) (PVC);258
22.46;POLYVINYLIDENE CHLORIDE (PVDC);260
22.47;POLYVINYLIDENE FLUORIDE (PVDF);260
22.48;POM (ACETAL);261
22.49;POSTCURING;262
22.50;POTENTIAL ENERGY;263
22.51;PPA (POLYPHTHALAMIDE);264
22.52;PPE (PHENYLENE ETHER CO-POLYMER);265
22.53;PPS (POLYPHENYLENE SULFIDE);265
22.54;PREFORMING;266
22.55;PREPLASTICATING EQUIPMENT;266
22.56;PRESSURE FORMING;268
22.57;PROCESS OIL;268
22.58;PROFILING;268
23;Chapter R;268
23.1;REACTION INJECTION MOLDING;268
23.2;RECYCLING;269
23.3;REFINED WAX;271
23.4;REFRACTIVE INDEX;271
23.5;REINFORCEMENTS;273
23.6;RELATIVE THERMAL INDEX;273
23.7;RESIN;273
23.8;RESIN TRANSFER MOLDING;273
23.9;RESOLE FORMATION;274
23.10;RHEOLOGY;274
23.11;ROTATIONAL MOLDING;274
23.12;RUBBER COMPOUNDING;274
23.13;RUBBER OIL;278
23.14;RUBBER OXIDATION;278
24;Chapter S;281
24.1;SAN (STYRENE ACRYLONITRILE COPOLYMER);281
24.2;SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY;281
24.3;SCORCH;283
24.4;SEALING COMPONENTS;283
24.5;SEAL SWELL (RUBBER SWELL);285
24.6;SEMI-CRYSTALLINE THERMOPLASTICS;286
24.7;SCREW CONFIGURATIONS;286
24.8;SCREW TRANSFER MOLDING;289
24.9;SEALANTS;290
24.10;SHEAR STRESS;290
24.11;SHEET EXTRUSION;291
24.12;SHELL AND TUBE TYPE HEAT EXCHANGER;293
24.13;SHELLAC;295
24.14;SHEWHART CONTROL CHART;295
24.15;SHORT-TERM INHALATION LIMITS;297
24.16;SILICONE;297
24.17;SOCIETY OF PLASTICS ENGINEERS (SPE);297
24.18;SOCIETY OF PLASTICS INDUSTRY (SPI);297
24.19;SOLUBILITY;298
24.20;SOLUTION POLYMERIZATION;299
24.21;SOLVENT;299
24.22;SPECIFIC GRAVITY;300
24.23;SPECIFIC HEAT;301
24.24;SPIRAL-PLATE HEAT EXCHANGER;301
24.25;STABILIZERS;305
24.26;STEPWISE SPC CHART;305
24.27;STODDARD SOLVENT;306
24.28;STRESS STRAIN BEHAVIOR;306
24.29;STYRENE-BUTADIENE RUBBER (SBR);307
24.30;STYRENE MALEIC ANHYDRIDE;307
24.31;SULFUR VULCANIZATION;307
24.32;SURFACE GRAFTING;310
24.33;SUSPENSION POLYMERIZATION;311
24.34;SWELL AND SHRINKAGE TESTS;311
24.35;SYNTHETIC RUBBER;313
25;Chapter T;314
25.1;THERMAL ANALYSIS;314
25.2;THERMOFORMING;315
25.3;THERMOGRAVIMETRIC ANALYSIS (TGA);317
25.4;THERMOMECHANICAL ANALYSIS (TMA);318
25.5;THERMOPLASTICS;318
25.6;THERMOSETTING RESINS;319
25.7;TIME-DEPENDENT FLUIDS;320
25.8;TITANIUM CATALYST SYSTEMS;322
25.9;TOXICITY BY INGESTION;322
25.10;TOXICITY BY INHALATION (THRESHOLD LIMIT VALUE);323
25.11;TP (THERMOPLASTIC ELASTOMER POLYESTER);323
25.12;TPE (THERMOPLASTIC ELASTOMERS);324
25.13;TPO (THERMOPLASTIC ELASTOMER POLYOLEFIN);329
25.14;TPU (THERMOPLASTIC POLYURETHANE);330
25.15;TRADE NAMES;331
25.16;TRANSFER MOLDING;337
25.17;TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY;338
26;Chapter U;339
26.1;ULTRASONIC PARTS ASSEMBLY;339
26.2;UNDERWRITERS LABORATORIES (UL);340
26.3;UNITS OF MEASUREMENT;341
26.4;UN HAZARD CLASSES AND DMSIONS;351
26.5;V-TUBE HEAT EXCHANGER;352
26.6;UREAS;353
27;Chapter V;353
27.1;VACUUM FORMING;353
27.2;VANADIUM CATALYST;353
27.3;VAPOR (GAS) SPECIFIC GRAVITY;354
27.4;VARNISH;354
27.5;VISCOELASTIC BEHAVIOR;354
27.6;VISCOSITY INDEX (V.I.) IMPROVER;356
27.7;VISCOSITY-TEMPERATURE RELATIONSHIP;356
27.8;VOLATILITY;356
27.9;VULCANIZATION;356
27.10;VULCANIZING AGENTS;358
28;Chapter W;360
28.1;WAX (PETROLEUM);360
28.2;WAX APPEARANCE POINT (WAP);361
28.3;WELDING;361
28.4;WHITE OIL;362
29;Chapter X;362
29.1;X-RAY PHOTOELECTRON SPECTROSCOPY;362
29.2;XYLENE;362
30;Chapter Y;363
30.1;YIELD;363
31;Chapter Z;365
31.1;ZIEGLER NATTA CATALYSTS;365
31.2;ZIEGLER POLYMERIZATION PROCESS;365
32;INDEX;366

Leseproben

Abbreviations of Polymers
ABR Acrylate-butadiene rubber ABS Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene rubber ACM Acrylate rubber AES Acrylonitrile-ethylene-propylene-styrene quater-polymer AMMA Acrylonitrile-methyl methacrylate copolymer ANM Acrylonitrile-acrylate rubber APP Atactic polypropylene ASA Acrylonitrile-styrene-acrylate terpolymer BUR Brominated isobutene-isoprene, (butyl) rubber BR Cis-1,4-butadiene rubber (cis-1,4-polybutadiene) BS Butadiene-styrene copolymer (see also SB) CA Cellulose acetate CAB Cellulose acetate-butyrate CAP Cellulose acetate-propionate CF Cresol-formaldehyde resin CHC Epichlorohydrin-ethylene oxide rubber CHR Epichlorohydrin rubber (see also CO) CMC Carboxymethyl cellulose CN Cellulose nitrate (see also NC) CNR Carboxynitroso, rubber; (tetrafluoroethylene-trifluoronitrosomethane-unsat. monomer terpolymer) CO Poly[(chloromethyl)oxirane]; epichlorohydrin rubber (see also CHR) CP Cellulose propionate CPE Chlorinated polyethylene CR Chloroprene rubber CS Casein CSM Chlorosulfonated polyethylene CTA Cellulose triacetate CTFE Poly(chlorotnfluoroethylene); (see also PCTFE) EAA Ethylene-acrylic acid copolymer EVA Ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer EC Ethyl cellulose ECB Ethylene copolymer blends with bitumen ECTFE Ethylene-chlorotrifluoroethylene copolymer EEA Ethylene-ethyl acrylate copolymer EMA Ethylene-methacrylic acid copolymer or ethylene-maleic anhydride copolymer EP Epoxy resin E/P Ethylene-propylene copolymer (see also EPM, EPR) EPDM Ethylene-propylene-nonconjugated diene terpolymer (see also EPT) EPE Epoxy resin ester EPM Ethylene-propylene rubber (see also E/P, EPR) EPR Ethylene-propylene rubber (see also E/P, EPM) EPS Expanded polystyrene; polystyrene foam (see also XPS) EPT Ethylene-propylene-diene terpolymer (see also EPDM) ETFE Ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer EVA, E/VAC Ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer EVE Ethylene-vinyl ether copolymer FE Fluorine-containing elastomer FEP Tetrafluoroethylene-hexafluoropropylene rubber; see PFEP FF Furan-formaldehyde resins FPM Vinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene rubber FSI Fluorinated silicone rubber GR-I Butyl rubber (former US acronym) (see also IIR, PIBI) GR-N Nitrile rubber (former US acronym) (see also NBR) GR-S Styrene-butadiene rubber (former US acronym; see PBS, SBR) HDPE High-density polyethylene HEC Hydroxyethylcellulose HIPS High-impact polystyrene HMWPE High molecular weight polyethylene IIR Isobutene-isoprene rubber; butyl rubber (see also GR-I, PIBI) IPN Interpenetrating polymer network IR Synthetic cis-I .4-oolyisoprene LDPE Low-density polyethylene LLDPE Linear low density polyethylene MABS Methyl methacrylate-acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene MBS Methyl methacrylate-butadiene-styrene terpolymer MC Methyl cellulose MDPE Medium-density polyethylene (ca. 0.93-0.94 g/cm3) MF Melamine-formaldehyde resin MPF Melamine-phenol-formaldehyde resin NBR Acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber; nitrile rubber; GR-I NC Nitrocellulose; cellulose nitrate (see also CN) NCR Acrylonitrile-chloroprene rubber NIR Acrylonitrile-isoprene rubber NR Natural rubber (cis- 1,4-polyisoprene) OER Oil extended rubber OPR Propylene oxide rubber PA Polyamide (e.g., PA 6,6 = polyamide 6,6 nylon 6,6 in U.S literature) PAA Poly(acrylic acid) PAI Polyamide-imide PAMS Poly(alpha-methylstyrene) PAN Polyacrylonitrile (fiber) PARA Poly(arylamide) PB Poly(I-butene) PBI Poly(benzimidazoles) PBMA Poly(n-butyl methacrylate) PBR Butadiene-vinyl pyridine copolymer PBS Butadiene-styrene copolymer (see also GR-S, SBR) PBT,PBTP Poly(butylene terephthalate) PC, PCO Polycarbonate PCD Poly(carbodiimide) PCTFE Poly(chlorotrifluoroethylene) PDAP Poly(diallyl phthalate) PDMS Poly(dimethylsiloxane) PE Polyethylene PEA Polv(ethyl acrylate) PEC Chlorinated polyethylene (see also CPE) PEEK Poly(arylether ketone) PEI Poly(ether imide) PEO,PEOX Poly(ethylene oxide) PEP Ethylene-propylene polymer (see also E/P, EPR) PEPA Polyether-polyamide block copolymer PES Polyethersulfone PET,PETP Poly(ethylene terephthalate) PF Phenol-formaldehyde resin PFA Perfluoroalkoxy resins PFEP Tetrafluoroethylene-hexafluoropropylene copolymer; FEP PI Polyimide PIB Poly isobutylene, PIBI Isobutene-isoprene copolymer; butyl rubber; GR-I PIBO Poly(isobutylene oxide) PIP Synthetic poly-cis-1,4-poly isoprene; (also CPI, IR) PIR Polyisocyanurate PMA Poly(methyl acrylate) PMI Polymethacrylimide PMMA Poly(methyl methacrylate) PMMI Polypyromellitimide PMP Poly(4-methyl- I-pentene) PO Poly (propylene oxide); or polyolefins; or phenoxy resins POM Polyoxymethylene, polyformaldehyde POP Poly(phenylene oxide) (also PPO/PPE) PP Polypropylene PPC Chlorinated polypropylene PPE Poly(phenylene ether) PPMS Poly(para-methylstyrene) PPO Poly(phenylene oxide) (also PPO/PPE) PPOX Poly(propylene oxide) PPS Poly(phenylene sulfide) PPSU Poly(phenylene sulfone) PPT Poly(propylene terephthalate) PS Polystyrene PSB Styrene-butadiene rubber (see GR-S, SBR) PSF, PSO Polysulfone PSU Poly(phenylene...