Chedid / Hadden / Dukor Advances in Immunopharmacology

Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Immunopharmacology, Florence, Italy, 6-9 May 1985
1. Auflage 2016
ISBN: 978-1-4832-8636-5
Verlag: Elsevier Science & Techn.
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, 514 Seiten, Web PDF

With the publication of this third volume in the series, immunopharmacology has established itself as a separate discipline with relevance to oncology, rheumatology, allergy and other medical fields. The manipulation of the immune response is becoming the basis of all modern therapeutics. This volume gathers together symposia and workshop sessions, representing a comprehensive review of the advancing frontier of immunopharmacology.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Chedid, L.

Hadden, J. W.

Dukor, P.

Willoughby, D. A.

Spreafico, F.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Front Cover;1
2;Advances in Immunopharmacology 3;4
3;Copyright Page;5
4;Table of Contents;6
5;Part 1: Special Lectures;12
5.1;Chapter 1. From Natural Products Chemistryto Immunopharmacology;14
5.1.1;I. New analytical methods;14
5.1.2;II. From the Ascaris egg to immunodeterminant dideoxyhexoses;14
5.1.3;III. An excursion into the mysterious world of Mycobacteria;15
5.1.4;IV. Trehalose esters as immunomodulators;15
5.1.5;V. From Wax D to MDP;16
5.1.6;VI. Desmuramyl peptides;16
5.1.7;VII. Specific targeting of muramylpeptides;17
5.1.8;VIII. Muramylpeptides as sleep factors;17
5.1.9;IX. "New activities of muramyl peptides";17
5.1.10;X. A synthetic Freund's adjuvant;18
5.1.11;XI. The future of muramylpeptides;18
5.1.12;REFERENCES;19
5.2;Chapter 2. The Story of Bacterial Endotoxin;24
5.2.1;SUMMARY;24
5.2.2;I. HISTORY;24
5.2.3;II. WHAT IS ENDOTOXIN;25
5.2.4;III. THE DETOUR : ENTEROBACTERIAL S . R MUTATION;28
5.2.5;IV. CHEMISTRY OF LIPID A;31
5.2.6;V. ABOUT ENDOTOXIN STANDARD, TEST, AND DEFINITION;35
5.2.7;VI. CHEMICAL AND BIO-SYNTHESIS OF LIPID A;37
5.2.8;REFERENCES;42
5.3;Chapter 3. Experimental and Clinical Studies on the Antitumor and Antimicrobial Activities of Nocardial Cell Wall Skeleton and Muramyldipeptide Derivatives;46
5.3.1;ABSTRACT;46
5.3.2;KEYWORDS;46
5.3.3;INTRODUCTION;46
5.3.4;I. CANCER IMMUNOTHERAPY WITH BACTERIAL FRACTIONS AND SYNTHETIC ADJUVANTS;47
5.3.5;II. STIMULATION WITH IMMUNOADJUVANTS OF HOST RESISTANCE AGAINST BACTERIAL AND VIRAL INFECTIONS;50
5.3.6;REFERENCES;53
6;Part 2: Immunotherapy of Human Disease;56
6.1;Chapter 4. Current Status of the Immunotherapyand Biological Therapy of Cancer;58
6.1.1;REFERENCES;65
6.2;Chapter 5. Immunotherapy of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS), AIDS-related Complex and Subjects at Risk;66
6.2.1;INTRODUCTION;66
6.2.2;1. CELLULAR ENGINEERING;67
6.2.3;2. MOLECULAR ENGINEERING;68
6.2.4;3. PHARMACOLOGIC IMMUNOMODULATORS;71
6.2.5;4. MISCELLANEOUS;73
6.2.6;REFERENCES;76
6.3;Chapter 6. An Update on Interferon in Infectious Diseases;80
6.3.1;INTRODUCTION;80
6.3.2;REFERENCES;84
6.4;Chapter 7. Immunotherapy of Connective Tissue Disease;86
6.4.1;ABSTRACT;86
6.4.2;KEYWORDS;86
6.4.3;INTRODUCTION;86
6.4.4;CHRONOPHARMACOLOGY;87
6.4.5;IMMUNOSUPPRESSANTS;87
6.4.6;IMMUNOMODULATORS;87
6.4.7;REFERENCES;91
6.5;Chapter 8. Hopes for Immunorestorative Therapyin Autoimmune Diseases;94
6.5.1;ABSTRACT;94
6.5.2;KEYWORDS;94
6.5.3;INTRODUCTION;94
6.5.4;CONCLUSION;99
6.5.5;ACKNOWLEDGEMENT;99
6.5.6;REFERENCES;99
7;Part 3: Mechanisms of Cell Activation;102
7.1;Chapter 9. The Biochemical Mechanism of Cellular Activation;104
7.1.1;ABSTRACT;104
7.1.2;KEYWARDS;104
7.1.3;INTRODUCTION;104
7.1.4;DlSCUSSION;108
7.1.5;REFERENCES;109
7.2;Chapter 10. Membrane Transport in the Messenger Function of Calcium (Ca);112
7.2.1;ABSTRACT;112
7.2.2;KEYWORDS;112
7.2.3;REFERENCES;117
7.3;Chapter 11. Stimulus Activation Couplingin Neutrophils;120
7.3.1;ABSTRACT;120
7.3.2;INTRODUCTION;120
7.3.3;MATERIALS AND METHODS;121
7.3.4;RESULTS AND DISCUSSION;121
7.3.5;ACKNOWLEDGEMENT;124
7.3.6;REFERENCES;124
7.4;Chapter 12. Mechanisms of Arachidonic Acid Turnover Implicated in Cell Activation;126
7.4.1;KEYWORDS;126
7.4.2;INTRODUCTION;126
7.4.3;ACKNOWLEDGEMENT;136
7.4.4;REFERENCES;136
7.5;Chapter 13. Release of Prostaglandins and Modulation of Leukocyte Functions;138
7.5.1;ABSTRACT;138
7.5.2;KEYWORDS;138
7.5.3;INTRODUCTION;138
7.5.4;PROSTAGLANDIN SYNTHESIS BY MACROPHAGES;139
7.5.5;INDUCTION OF PROSTAGLANDIN SYNTHESIS BY COMPLEMENT;140
7.5.6;MODULATION OF PROSTAGLANDIN SYNTHESIS BY LYMPHOKINES;142
7.5.7;ACKNOWLEDGEMENT;146
7.5.8;REFERENCES;146
8;Part 4: Immunological Mediators as Agentsor Targets of Manipulation I;148
8.1;Chapter 14. Human Tumor Necrosis Factor (LuKII):Recent Developments;150
8.1.1;ABSTRACT;150
8.1.2;INTRODUCTION;150
8.1.3;RESULTS;151
8.1.4;DISCUSSION;157
8.1.5;ACKNOWLEDGMENTS;158
8.1.6;REFERENCES;158
8.2;Chapter 15. Factors from T Suppressor Cells: Current Status and Perspectives;160
8.2.1;INTRODUCTION;160
8.2.2;REFERENCES;162
8.3;Chapter 16. T Cell Factors Involved in the Regulationof the IgE Antibody Response;164
8.3.1;ABSTRACT;164
8.3.2;INTRODUCTION;164
8.3.3;ACKNOWLEDGEMENT;171
8.3.4;REFERENCES;171
8.4;Chapter 17. T Cell-derived Immunoglobulin-Binding Factors (IBF): Molecular Heterogeneityand Inhibition of Ig Synthesisby . Cell Hybrldomas;172
8.4.1;INTRODUCTION;172
8.4.2;MATERIALS AND METHODS;173
8.4.3;RESULTS;174
8.4.4;CONCLUDING REMARKS;178
8.4.5;REFERENCES;178
9;Part 5: Pharmacology of Cellular Activation;180
9.1;Chapter 18. The Initial Events in Leukocytic Stimulation;182
9.1.1;ABSTRACT;182
9.1.2;NTRODUCTION;182
9.1.3;REFERENCES;186
9.2;Chapter 19. Role of Eicosanoids in Lymphocyte Activation: A Review;188
9.2.1;Introduction;188
9.2.2;References;197
9.3;Chapter 20. Mechanisms and Pharmacology of NK Cell Activity;200
9.3.1;Regulation of Cytotoxic Activity of NK Cells;200
9.3.2;Mechanism of Cytotoxicity by NK Cells;201
9.3.3;REFERENCES;203
9.4;Chapter 21. Mechanisms of Neutrophil Activation: Phosphoinositides, Protein Kinase Cand Calcium Movements;204
9.4.1;ABSTRACT;204
9.4.2;KEYWORDS;204
9.4.3;Neutrophil Function;204
9.4.4;Stimulus - response coupling;205
9.4.5;Calcium movements during neutrophil activation;206
9.4.6;Protein kinase C and cell activation;207
9.4.7;Synergism between calcium and protein kinase C in the activation sequence;207
9.4.8;Phosphoinositide turnover and signalling;208
9.4.9;REFERENCES;210
9.5;Chapter 22. Biochemical Events Involved in IgE- Mediated Mast Cell Activation for Mediator Release;212
9.5.1;ABSTRACT;212
9.5.2;KEYWORDS;212
9.5.3;INTRODUCTION;212
9.5.4;ACKNOWLEDGEMENT;219
9.5.5;REFERENCES;219
9.6;Chapter 23. Regulation of the 5-Lipoxygenase Pathway of Arachidonic Acid Metabolism by N-3 Fatty Acids;222
9.6.1;ABSTRACT;222
9.6.2;KEYWORDS;222
9.6.3;INTRODUCTION;222
9.6.4;METABOLIC CASCADE FOR N-6 AND N-3 FATTY ACIDS VIA THE 5-LIPOXYGENASE PATHWAY;223
9.6.5;N-3 FATTY ACIDS AND THE HUMAN 5-LIP0)0rGENASE PATHWAY;223
9.6.6;N.3 FATTY ACIDS AND AN ALTERED INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE;225
9.6.7;REFERENCES;225
10;Part 6: Immunological Mediators as Agentsor Targets of Manipulation II;228
10.1;Chapter 24. Interleukin 1 Mediated in Vitro Antitumor Activities;230
10.1.1;ABSTRACT;230
10.1.2;KEYWORDS;230
10.1.3;INTRODUCTION;230
10.1.4;CONCLUSIONS;232
10.1.5;ACKNOWLEDGEMENT;232
10.1.6;REFERENCES;233
10.2;Chapter 25. The Biological Activities of Human Interleukin-1: Purified and Recombinant Materials;234
10.2.1;ABSTRACT;234
10.2.2;INIRODUCTION;234
10.2.3;MULTIPLE IL-1 FORMS;235
10.2.4;CLINCAL RELEVANCE OF THE HUMAN IL-1 FAMILY;238
10.2.5;POSSIBLE ROLE FOR IL-1 AS AN IMMUNOMODULATOR;239
10.2.6;SUMMARY;239
10.2.7;ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;239
10.2.8;REFERENCES;240
10.3;Chapter 26. New Strategies of Immunotherapy1;242
10.3.1;ABSTRACT;242
10.3.2;KEYWORDS;242
10.3.3;INTRODUCTION;242
11;Part 7: Down Modulation of Immunityand Toxicology;248
11.1;Chapter 27. Immunological Properties of Ciclosporin (Sandimmune®);250
11.1.1;INTRODUCTION;250
11.1.2;Transplantation;254
11.1.3;Autoimmune diseases;255
11.1.4;Mechanism of action;257
11.1.5;Conclusions;260
11.2;Chapter 28. Cellular Requirements and Mechanisms of Action of Antigen-specific Suppressor. Cell Factors;262
11.2.1;ABSTRACT;262
11.2.2;KEYWORDS;262
11.2.3;INTRODUCTION;262
11.2.4;COMMENTARY;266
11.2.5;ACKNOWLEDGMENT;267
11.2.6;REFERENCES;267
11.3;Chapter 29. Immunomodulation by Anticancer Compounds;268
11.3.1;Anthracyclines;269
11.3.2;Vinca Alkaloids;271
11.3.3;Cyclophosphamide;272
11.3.4;Concluding Remarks;273
11.3.5;References;273
11.4;Chapter 30. Modulation of Immunity by Xenobiotics;278
11.4.1;ABSTRACT;278
11.4.2;KEYWORDS;278
11.4.3;INTRODUCTION;279
11.4.4;APPROACHES FOR ASSESSING IMMUNOMODULATION INDUCED BY XENOBIOTICS;281
11.4.5;CHARACTERIZING IMMUNOMODULATION INDUCED BY POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBON CARCINOGENS;281
11.4.6;REFERENCES;285
11.5;Chapter 31. Perspectives in the Management of Allergie and Pseudo-A Uergic Reactions;288
11.5.1;1. Interference with the sensitization process;288
11.5.2;2. Interference with the development of effector cells (basophiIs/mast cells);290
11.5.3;3. Interference with the function of effector cells (e.g. basophils, mast cells, secondary inflammatory cells);291
11.5.4;4. Antagonists of the effects of pharmacological mediators;291
11.5.5;REFERENCES;292
12;Part 8: Monoclonal Antibodies as Therapeutic Agents and in Immunodiagnosis;294
12.1;Chapter 32. Tumour Inhibitory Properties of Monoclonal Antibody 791T/36- Drug Conjugates;296
12.1.1;ABSTRACT;296
12.1.2;KEYWORDS;296
12.1.3;INTRODUCTION;296
12.1.4;TUMOUR LOCALIZATION WITH MONOCLONAL ANTIBODY 791T/36;297
12.1.5;MONOCLONAL ANTIBODY 791T/36-DRUG CONJUGATION;297
12.1.6;THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF DRUG-ANTIBODY CONJUGATES;301
12.1.7;CONCLUSIONS;302
12.1.8;ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;302
12.1.9;REFERENCES;303
12.2;Chapter 33. Treatment of Malignant Melanoma witha Mouse Monoclonal IgG3 Antibody Detecting the Ganglioside GD3;304
12.2.1;ABSTRACT;304
12.2.2;KEYWORDS;304
12.2.3;INTRODUCTION;304
12.2.4;RESULTS;304
12.2.5;TUMOR RESPONSE OF PATIENTS TREATED WITH R24;306
12.2.6;SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS;306
12.2.7;ACKNOWLEDGEMENT;307
12.2.8;REFERENCES;307
12.3;Chapter 34. Immunotoxins;308
12.3.1;INTRODUCTION;308
12.3.2;BONE MARROW TRANSPLANTATION;308
12.3.3;IN VIVO USE OF IMMUNOTOXINS;309
12.3.4;POTENTIATION OF TOXICITY OF A-CHAIN IMMUNOTOXINS;309
12.3.5;CONCLUDING DISCUSSION;310
12.3.6;REFERENCES;311
12.4;Chapter 35. Monoclonal Antibodies as Diagnosticand Therapeutic Cardiovascular Agents;314
12.4.1;Keywords;314
12.4.2;Introduction;314
12.4.3;Species Specificity of a Monoclonal Antifibrin Antibody;315
12.4.4;In Vivo Localization of Human Fibrin with Monoclonal Antífibrin-64C5;316
12.4.5;Therapeutic Potential of Fibrín-flpeeifíe Antibodies as Agents for Thrombolysis;316
12.4.6;Ckmclusion;316
12.4.7;References;317
12.5;Chapter 36. Novel Antibodies by DNA Transfection;320
12.5.1;ABSTRACT;320
12.5.2;KEYWORDS;320
12.5.3;INTRODUCTION;320
12.5.4;EXPRESSION SYSTEMS FOR IMMUNOGLOBULIN GENES;321
12.5.5;MAKING CHIMAERIC ANTIBODIES WITH HUMAN EFFECTOR FUNCTIONS;322
12.5.6;MAKING RECOMBINANT ANTIBODIES WITH NOVEL EFFECTOR FUNCTIONS;323
12.5.7;Fab-TAGGING FOR ENZYME PURIFICATION;323
12.5.8;SUMMARY AND PROSPECT;324
12.5.9;REFERENCES;324
13;Part 9: Genetically Engineered and Synthetic Vaccines;326
13.1;Chapter 37. Prediction of Biologically Active
Epitopes for Synthetic Vaccines;328
13.1.1;ABSTRACT;328
13.1.2;KEYWORDS;328
13.1.3;INTRODUCTION;328
13.1.4;I. Present Vaccines;328
13.1.5;II. Synthetic Vaccines;329
13.1.6;III. Prediction oL BiQiogically Active Epitopes;333
13.1.7;ACKNOWLEDGEMENT;338
13.1.8;REFERENCES;338
13.2;Chapter 38. Use of Muramyl Peptides in Syntheticand Semisynthetic Vaccines;340
13.2.1;INTRODUCTION;340
13.2.2;CONCLUSIONS;344
13.2.3;REFERENCES;345
13.3;Chapter 39. Design of Hepatitis B Vaccines;348
13.3.1;ABSTRACT;348
13.3.2;KEYWORDS;348
13.3.3;INTRODUCTION;348
13.3.4;"FIRST GENERATION" HEPATITIS . VACCINES;349
13.3.5;"SECOND GENERATION" HEPATITIS . VACCINES;349
13.3.6;DESIGN OF NOVEL HEPATITIS . VACCINES;350
13.3.7;REFERENCES;355
13.4;Chapter 40. Synthetic Peptides as the Basis for Future Vaccines. Application in theInfluenza and Cholera Toxin Systems;358
13.4.1;INTRODUCTION;358
13.4.2;SYNTHETIC VACCINE AGAINST INFLUENZA VIRUS;359
13.4.3;SYNTHETIC ANTI-INFLUENZA VACCINE WITH BUILT-IN ADJUVANTICITY;362
13.4.4;CHOLERA TOXIN (CT);363
13.4.5;NEUTRALIZATION OF HEAT-LABILE TOXIN OF E. COLI;365
13.4.6;CONCLUDING REMARKS;366
13.4.7;REFERENCES;366
13.5;Chapter 41. Sporozoite Malaria Vaccines;368
13.5.1;ABSTRACT;368
13.5.2;KEYWORDS;368
13.5.3;REFERENCES;371
14;Part 10: Workshop Sessions;374
14.1;Chapter 42. Bacteria, Bacterial Fractions and Products as Immunomodulators I;376
14.2;Glucans as Immunomodulators;380
14.2.1;REFERENCES;385
14.3;Chapter 43. Mediators and Mechanisms I;388
14.4;Chapter 44. Thymic Hormones;390
14.5;Chapter 45. Synthetic Immunomodifiers;392
14.6;Chapter 46. Interactions between the Neuroendocrineand Immune Systems;400
14.6.1;1. Hormones and immunological activities.;401
14.6.2;2. Neurotrans mitters and peptides and immunological activities;402
14.6.3;3. Benzodiazepines, immuner eactivity and macrophage binding;403
14.6.4;Concluding Remarks;404
14.7;Chapter 47. Interferons and Inducers;406
14.8;Chapter 48. Glucans as Immunomodifier II;408
14.8.1;ABSTRACT;409
14.8.2;KEY WORDS;409
14.9;Chapter 49. Synthetic Immunomodifiers II;414
14.10;Chapter 50. Mediators and Mechanisms;418
14.11;Chapter 51. MDP and Derivatives I;420
14.12;Chapter 52. Thymic Hormones II;426
14.13;Chapter 53. Bacteria, Bacterial Fractions and
Products as Immunopotentiators II;430
14.13.1;PRECLINICAL INVEST IGATIONS WITH OK - 432;431
14.13.2;CLINICAL STUDIES;432
14.14;Chapter 54. other Immunomodifiers from NaturalSources;434
14.15;Chapter 55. Immunodepressive Agents;436
14.16;Chapter 56. Bacteria, Bacterial Fractions and Products as Immunomodulators III;440
14.17;Chapter 57. Immunotoxicology;442
14.18;Chapter 58. Cyclization Products of Phenylthiourea Compounds in Adulterated Rapeseed Oilas possible Aetiological Factor in Spanish Toxic Oil Syndrome;450
14.18.1;INTRODUCTION;450
14.18.2;A NEW APPROACH;450
14.18.3;CONCLUSION;452
14.18.4;REFERENCES;453
14.19;Chapter 59. TCDF Induced Alterations of IL-1 Responsiveness and Production in Adultor Perinatal Treated Mice;454
14.20;Chapter 60. Thymocytes as Target of Dialkyltin Toxicity;456
14.20.1;INTRODUCTION;456
14.20.2;RESULTS AND DISCUSSION;456
14.20.3;REFERENCES;458
14.21;Chapter 61. The Pophteal Lymph Node Assay:A Test System for Chemically InducedAutoimmune and Allergic Reactions;460
14.21.1;INTRODUCTION;460
14.21.2;MATERIALS AND METHOD;460
14.21.3;RESULTS AND DISCUSSION;460
14.21.4;REFERENCES;462
14.22;Chapter 62. Differential Sensitivity to 3-Methylcholanthrene (3MC) InducedImmunosuppression in Young and Old Mice;464
14.23;Chapter 63. Anti-Allergie Agents „ Summary;466
14.24;Chapter 64. Pharmacology of Macrophages and Related Cells;470
14.24.1;SUMMARY;470
14.25;Chapter 65. Synthetic Immunostimulants III;472
14.26;Chapter 66. Immunopharmacology of Inflammation;476
14.26.1;ABSTRACT;477
14.26.2;KEYWORDS;477
14.26.3;INTRODUCTION;477
14.27;Chapter 67. Novel Vaccines;480
14.28;Chapter 68. Monoclonal Antibodies as Pharmacological Agents;486
14.29;Chapter 69. Novel Approaches inImmune Manipulation;488
14.29.1;REFERENCES;489
14.30;Chapter 70. MDP and Derivatives II;490
14.31;Chapter 71. Thymic Hormones, Interleukins, Endotoxin and Thymomimetic Drugs in. Lymphocyte Ontogeny;498
14.31.1;REFERENCES;508
15;Author Index;510