Byrskog / Hakola / Jokiranta Social Memory and Social Identity in the Study of Early Judaism and Early Christianity

1. Auflage 2016
ISBN: 978-3-647-59375-3
Verlag: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 0 - No protection

E-Book, Englisch, Band Band 116, 312 Seiten

Reihe: Novum Testamentum et Orbis Antiquus /Studien zur Umwelt des Neuen Testaments (NTOA/StUNT)

The concepts of social memory and social identity have been increasingly used in the study of ancient Jewish and Christian sources. In this collection of articles, international specialists apply interdisciplinary methodology related to these concepts to early Jewish and Christian sources. The volume offers an up-to-date presentation of how social memory studies and socio-psychological identity approach have been used in the study of Biblical and related literature. The articles examine how Jewish and Christian sources participate in the processes of collective recollection and in this way contribute to the construction of distinctive social identities. The writers demonstrate the benefits of the use of interdisciplinary methodologies in the study of early Judaism and Christianity but also discuss potential problems that have emerged when modern theories have been applied to ancient material.In the first part of the book, scholars apply social, collective and cultural memory approaches to early Christian sources. The articles discuss philosophical aspects of memory, the formation of gospel traditions in the light of memory studies, the role of eyewitness testimony in canonical and non-canonical Christian sources and the oral delivery of New Testament writings in relation to ancient delivery practices. Part two applies the social identity approach to various Dead Sea Scrolls and New Testament writings. The writers analyse the role marriage, deviant behaviour, and wisdom traditions in the construction of identity in the Dead Sea Scrolls. Other topics include forgiveness in the Gospel of Matthew, the imagined community in the Gospel John, the use of the past in Paul's Epistles and the relationship between the covenant and collective identity in the Epistle to the Hebrews and the First Epistle of Clement.

Raimo Hakola has a ThD in Biblical Studies and is Acting University Lecturer in New Testament Studies at the University of Helsinki.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Byrskog, Samuel

Hakola, Raimo

Jokiranta, Jutta Maria

Weitere Mitwirkende

Byrskog, Samuel

Hakola, Raimo

Jokiranta, Jutta Maria

Huebenthal, Sandra

Fachgebiete

• Geisteswissenschaften Geschichtswissenschaft Geschichtswissenschaft Allgemein Geschichtspolitik, Erinnerungskultur
• Geisteswissenschaften Religionswissenschaft Religionswissenschaft Allgemein Religionsgeschichte
• Geisteswissenschaften Christentum, Christliche Theologie Bibelwissenschaften Neues Testament: Exegese, Geschichte
• Geisteswissenschaften Jüdische Studien Geschichte des Judentums
• Geisteswissenschaften Religionswissenschaft Religionswissenschaft Allgemein Religionssoziologie und -psychologie, Spiritualität, Mystik
• Geisteswissenschaften Jüdische Studien Jüdische Studien Jüdische Studien: Literatur & Kunst
• Geisteswissenschaften Christentum, Christliche Theologie Kirchengeschichte Frühes Christentum, Patristik, Christliche Archäologie

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Title Page;4
2;Copyright;5
3;Body;8
4;Raimo Hakola/Samuel Byrskog/Jutta Jokiranta: Introduction;8
4.1;Social and Collective Memory;10
4.2;Social Identity Approach;12
4.3;The Articles of the Book;14
5;I Social Memory;22
6;Samuel Byrskog: Philosophical Aspects on Memory: Aristotle, Augustine and Bultmann;24
6.1;Memory in Perspective;24
6.2;Aristotle, De Memoria et Reminiscentia;28
6.3;Augustine, Confessiones;31
6.4;Bultmann, Jesus and The Presence of Eternity;38
6.5;Conclusions;42
7;Alan Kirk: The Formation of the Synoptic Tradition: Cognitive and Cultural Approaches to an Old Problem;50
7.1;Mental Schemas, Cultural Schemas, and Memory Formation;51
7.2;Memory in Communications Media: Genres, Gattungen, Forms;56
7.3;From “Collaborative Remembering” to Tradition Artifacts;57
7.4;Cognitive-Cultural Coupling: Tradition as Cybernetic Memory;60
7.5;Whatever Happened to the Eyewitness Memories?;62
7.6;Tradition as an Autonomous Cognitive System;64
7.7;Oral and Written Media;65
7.8;Making Sense of the Synoptic Tradition;66
8;Sandra Huebenthal: Reading the Gospel of Mark as Collective Memory;70
8.1;Social Memory Theory and the New Testament;71
8.2;Reading Mark as Collective Memory, or: what does the Gospel of Mark narrate beyond the story of Jesus?;77
8.3;Please join in: How the Gospel invites recipients to become part of it;80
8.4;Technical observations, or: how does the narration achieve its goals?;82
8.5;Concluding remarks: Was the Markan concept successful?;86
9;Kari Syreeni: Eyewitness Testimony, First-Person Narration and Authorial Presence as Means of Legitimation in Early Gospel Literature;90
9.1;Introduction;90
9.2;Mark;92
9.3;Matthew;95
9.4;Luke;97
9.5;John;100
9.6;The Gospel of Thomas;104
9.7;The Gospel of Peter;105
9.8;The Gospel of Mary;106
9.9;Jewish Christian Gospels;107
9.10;Infancy Gospels;108
9.11;Conclusion: “The Mnemonic Trajectory” in a Literary and Socio-Cognitive Perspective;109
10;Dan Nässelqvist: Dual Conventions: The Oral Delivery of New Testament Writings in Light of First-Century Delivery Practices;112
10.1;The Uniform Model: Oral Performance;112
10.2;A More Diversified Model: Tellings and Public Readings;115
10.3;Distinguishing the Types;116
10.3.1;Oral Performance;116
10.3.2;Public Reading;117
10.4;Fitting New Testament Writings into the Picture;118
10.5;A Comparison of the Two Types;120
10.6;Conclusions;124
11;II Social Identity;126
12;Cecilia Wassén: The Importance of Marriage in the Construction of a Sectarian Identity in the Dead Sea Scrolls;128
12.1;Introduction;128
12.2;General Views on Marriage and Sexual Relations;131
12.3;4QMMT;133
12.4;Social Identity Approach;138
12.5;Key texts in the Damascus Document;141
12.5.1;CD 2:14?3:12;142
12.5.2;CD 4:13?5:11;144
12.5.3;CD 7:4?9;148
12.5.4;Conclusion;149
13;Jutta Jokiranta: Black Sheep, Outsiders, and the Qumran Movement: Social-Psychological Perspectives on Norm-Deviant Behaviour;152
13.1;Introduction;152
13.2;Categorization;155
13.3;Social Cognition and Social Self;156
13.4;Outgroup Homogeneity Effect;157
13.5;Black Sheep Effect;157
13.6;Deviant Behaviour in the Community Rule: When to Excuse and When not to?;161
13.7;People of Injustice in Community Rule: Outgroup, or Ingroup Deviants?;164
13.8;Conclusions;172
14;Elisa Uusimäki: Wisdom, Scripture, and Identity Formation in 4QBeatitudes;176
14.1;Introduction;176
14.2;Social Identity and Religious Texts;177
14.3;Fortunate Ones and the Prospect of Eternal Curses in 4Q525;178
14.4;The Acts of Blessing and Cursing;181
14.5;The Performative Role of Words in 4Q525;183
14.6;Language and Creation of Social Reality in 4Q525;186
14.7;Conclusions;187
15;Rikard Roitto: Forgiveness, Rituals, and Social Identity in Matthew: Obliging Forgiveness;188
15.1;Introduction;188
15.2;Forgiveness and the Narrative Rationale of the Group;190
15.3;Forgiveness and Contrast to Outgroups;193
15.4;The Imagination of Sin in Matthew;195
15.5;Formation of Social Identity through Rituals of Divine Forgiveness;197
15.5.1;The Lord's Prayer;197
15.5.2;Intercessory Prayers for Sinners;199
15.5.3;The Eucharist;203
15.6;Interpersonal Forgiveness and Identity Formation;205
15.6.1;Forgiveness and Non-Retaliation Towards Outsiders;206
15.6.2;Intra-group Forgiveness;208
15.6.3;Integration of Divine and Interpersonal Forgiveness;208
15.7;Summary;209
16;Raimo Hakola: The Johannine Community as a Constructed, Imagined Community;212
16.1;No Johannine Community at all?;213
16.2;From Sociohistorical Relations to Communities as Imagined Constructions;218
16.3;The Origins of the Community;223
16.4;The Boundaries of the Community;227
16.5;The Symbols of Belonging and the Unity of the Community;230
16.6;The Community and the World;236
16.7;Conclusion;240
17;Nina Nikki: Contesting the Past, Competing over the Future: Why is Paul Past-Oriented in Galatians and Romans, but Future-Oriented in Philippians?;242
17.1;Introduction;242
17.2;Social memory, possible social identities and leadership in inter-group conflict;243
17.3;Contesting the past in Galatians;247
17.4;Unity through a shared past in Romans;251
17.5;Forgetting the past and embracing the future in Philippians;253
17.6;Conclusions;256
18;Martin Wessbrandt: Covenant, Conflict and Collective Identity: The Relationship between Hebrews and 1 Clement;258
18.1;Earlier Discussions of the Relationship;258
18.2;Collective Identity;260
18.3;The Letter to the Hebrews and Collective Identity;263
18.3.1;Hebrews 13 and the Drawing of Boundaries;265
18.3.2;Covenant and the Construction of Community in Hebrews;267
18.4;1 Clement and Collective Identity;268
18.4.1;Covenant in 1 Clement;270
18.4.2;The Jerusalem Cult in 1 Clement;272
18.4.3;Collective Identity in 1 Clement;274
18.5;Conclusion;275
19;Bibliography;276
20;Abbreviations;310