Brunelli Driven Magnetic Fusion Reactors

Proceedings of the Course, Erice-Trapani, Italy, 18-26 September 1978
1. Auflage 2013
ISBN: 978-1-4831-4018-6
Verlag: Elsevier Science & Techn.
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, 482 Seiten, Web PDF

Driven Magnetic Fusion Reactors is a collection of papers from the Proceedings of the Course held in Erice-Trapani, Italy on September 18-26, 1978. This collection describes the reactor aspects, the devices, physics, and the common technologies of the ''mirrors'' and the ''two component Tokamaks'' approach. This book reviews the mirror approach, which is used in the magnetic fusion energy program in the U.S. This program focuses on the tandem mirror and field reversed mirror concepts. This book explains the physics of field reversed mirrors and the mirror fusion test facility. The mirror machine as capable of producing fusion reaction with many advantages compared to the mainline tokamak is also discussed. The text also describes other ways to construct a fusion reactor by using a small quantity of quadrupole minimum-B mirrors that are linked toroidally to form a closed-line containment system. This book then presents methods of operating a driven tokamak reactor using the beam heated tokamak BHT, the two-component TCT, and the hot ion tokamak. This collection also describes the roles of low-Q fusion devices, and that of the fission-fusion hybrid version. This text addresses the non-electrical applications of the fusion process that is being done in the U.S. Then this collection also discusses a global approach to the fuel cycles and the different energy strategies of the U.S., Europe, and Japan. This book addresses the many interests of nuclear physicists, nuclear engineers, scientists, students, and academicians in the field of advanced physics.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Brunelli, B.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Front Cover;1
2;Driven Magnetic Fusion Reactors;4
3;Copyright Page;5
4;Table of Contents;6
5;INTRODUCTION;8
6;THE PHILOSOPHY OF FUSION RESEARCH;10
7;PART I:
THE ' 'MIRROR' ' APPROACH;22
7.1;CHAPTER 1.
U.S. MIRROR PROGRAM;24
7.1.1;ABSTRACT;24
7.1.2;REFERENCES;41
7.2;CHAPTER 2.
TANDEM MIRROR PHYSICS AND TMX;42
7.2.1;ABSTRACT;42
7.2.2;REFERENCES;59
7.3;CHAPTER 3.
THE PHYSICS OF FIELD REVERSED MIRRORS;60
7.3.1;ABSTRACT;60
7.3.2;I . INTRODUCTION;61
7.3.3;II . FIEL D REVERSED EQUILIBRIA;63
7.3.4;III . STABILIT Y OF FIELD-REVERSE D STATES;86
7.3.5;IV . EXPERIMENTAL APPROACHES;88
7.3.6;References;92
7.4;CHAPTER 4.
THE MIRROR FUSION TEST FACILITY;94
7.4.1;ABSTRACT;94
7.4.2;I . INTRODUCTION;95
7.4.3;II . MFTF MAJOR DESIGN PARAMETERS;95
7.4.4;III . THE REQUIREMENTS OF STABILITY THEORY;96
7.4.5;IV . NEUTRAL BEAM REQUIREMENTS;100
7.4.6;V. MAGNET DESIGN;103
7.4.7;VI . POWER SUPPLIES;108
7.4.8;VII . CONTROL AND DIAGNOSTICS;108
7.4.9;References;111
7.5;CHAPTER 5. THE ECONOMIC SIGNIFICANCE OF Q FOR MIRROR REACTORS — COMBINATIONS OF Q AND M WHICH LOOK PROMISING;112
7.5.1;Summary;112
7.5.2;Some Background on Q - The Success Parameter for Mirrors;114
7.5.3;Lessening the Subjective-Judgment on Q;116
7.5.4;The Basis for Q;116
7.5.5;The Economic Leverage for Fusion;121
7.5.6;References;127
7.6;CHAPTER 6.
TANDEM MIRROR REACTORS;128
7.6.1;Abstract;128
7.6.2;Introduction;128
7.6.3;Tandem Mirror Fusion Reactor;129
7.6.4;Tandem Mirror Hybrid Reactor;140
7.6.5;Conclusion;145
7.6.6;References;145
7.7;CHAPTER 7.
FIELD-REVERSED MIRROR REACTOR;146
7.7.1;Abstract;146
7.7.2;Introduction;146
7.7.3;Analytic Model;147
7.7.4;The Reference Case Design;149
7.7.5;References;161
7.8;CHAPTER 8.
TOROIDALLY LINKED MIRRORS;162
7.8.1;Abstract;162
7.8.2;Introduction;163
7.8.3;Magnetic field design and particle orbits;166
7.8.4;TLM diffusion Theory;179
7.8.5;TLM Fokker Planck calculations;182
7.8.6;MHD equilibrium;185
7.8.7;Interchange stability;186
7.8.8;Mirror instabilities;187
7.8.9;Ballooning instabilities;187
7.8.10;TLM reactor design;192
7.8.11;Design of TLM experiments;192
7.8.12;Acknowledgements;194
7.8.13;References;194
7.9;CHAPTER 9.
BEAM DRIVEN BUMPY TORUS REACTOR;196
7.10;CHAPTER 10.
MIRROR HYBRID REACTORS;198
7.10.1;ABSTRACT;198
7.10.2;Introduction;199
7.10.3;Standard Mirror Hybrid Reactor Design;202
7.10.4;System Performance;213
7.10.5;Two-Component Tandem Mirror Hybrid;217
7.10.6;Summary;217
7.10.7;REFERENCES;222
7.11;CHAPTER 11.
BEAM AND PLASMA DIRECT CONVERTERS;224
7.11.1;Beam Direct Energy
Conversion;224
7.11.2;Improved
Beam Dump;228
7.11.3;Save Power
Supply Costs;228
7.11.4;Save
Power;228
7.11.5;Electrical Circuit and Grounded Neutralizer vs. Grounded Source;228
7.11.6;Neutral Injection
Efficiency;229
7.11.7;Neutral Injection Systems Operating on Helium;229
7.11.8;Experimental Results;232
7.11.9;Experiments on the LBL 1/ 4 Scale TFTR Beam;232
7.11.10;Plasma Direct Conversion;232
7.11.11;REFERENCES;242
7.12;CHAPTER 12. SUPERCONDUCTING MAGNETS FOR MIRROR
MACHINES;244
7.12.1;Abstract;244
7.12.2;Introduction;244
7.12.3;Magnet Shape;245
7.12.4;Magnet Size;247
7.12.5;Magnetic Field Strength;247
7.12.6;Magnetic Design Considerations;251
7.12.7;Present Status of Magnet Development for Mirror Machines;255
7.12.8;References;257
8;PART II: THE "TWO COMPONENT TOKAMAKS" APPROACH;258
8.1;CHAPTER 13. PHYSICS OF THE TWO-COMPONENT AND HOT ION TOKAMAKS;260
8.1.1;ABSTRACT;260
8.1.2;I . INTRODUCTION;261
8.1.3;II. THE TCT AND BEAM HEATED MODES;264
8.1.4;III. THE HOT ION MODE;268
8.1.5;REFERENCES;272
8.2;CHAPTER 14.
TFTR STATUS REPORT;274
8.2.1;Introduction;275
8.2.2;Functions;278
8.2.3;Design Requirements;280
8.2.4;TFTR Performance Requirements;281
8.2.5;Project History;282
8.2.6;Project Organization;284
8.2.7;Schedule;286
8.2.8;Major Engineering Features;286
8.2.9;Acknowledgments;303
8.3;CHAPTER 15. PLASMA PARAMETRIC STUDIES AND POTENTIAL APPLICATIONS OF DRIVEN FUSION REACTORS;304
8.3.1;ABSTRACT;304
8.3.2;I. Parametric Plasm a Analysis of Two Component and Maxwellian Fusion Amplifier (TC A and MFA) Performance in Driven Reactors;305
8.3.3;II. D-3He in the MFA Operating Mode and for O-T MFA Burn Dynamics Simulation;328
8.3.4;III. Applications of Driven Tokamaks;332
8.3.5;Acknowledgement;350
8.3.6;References;351
8.4;CHAPTER 16.
NEUTRAL BEAM INJECTORS;354
8.4.1;Summary;354
8.4.2;1. INTRODUCTION;355
8.4.3;2. NEUTRAL BEAM INJECTORS BASED ON POSITIVE IONS;355
8.4.4;3. NEUTRAL BEAM INJECTORS, BASED ON NEGATIVE IONS;371
8.4.5;References;373
9;PART Ill: POSSIBLE ROLES OF LOW Q FUSION DEVICES;376
9.1;CHAPTER 17.
NON-ELECTRIC FUSION ENERGY APPLICATIONS;378
9.1.1;BACKGROUND;378
9.1.2;FUSION-FISSIO N ENERGY SYSTEMS;381
9.1.3;SYNTHETIC CHEMICAL FUEL PRODUCTION BY FUSION REACTORS;396
9.2;CHAPTER 18.
A GLOBAL APPROACH TO FUEL CYCLES?;410
9.2.1;SUMMARY;410
9.2.2;1. Is a "global approach" possible?;411
9.2.3;2. Resource use and availability /1/;415
9.2.4;3. Non-proliferation problems;426
9.2.5;4. Conclusions;428
9.2.6;References;429
9.3;CHAPTER 19. HYBRIDS AS FUEL FACTORIES: CUMULATIVE FUEL COMMITMENT FOR LIGHT WATER REACTORS: IS THERE A "URANIUM CRUNCH?" THE FUSION-FISSION FUEL FACTORY CAN HELP;430
9.3.1;Summary;430
9.3.2;Installed Capacity for Nuclear Plants;431
9.3.3;Fuel
Consumption;431
9.3.4;Fuel
Inventory;431
9.3.5;Guaranteed Fuel
Supply;431
9.3.6;Cumulative Fuel
Commitment;432
9.3.7;Reserves and
Resources;435
9.3.8;The
Question of Growth Rate;437
9.3.9;Recent
Trends;439
9.3.10;References;441
9.4;CHAPTER 20.
THE HYBRIDS IN THE ENERGY STRATEGIES: U.S.A. ENERGY STRATEGY;442
9.5;CHAPTER 21. FUSION WITHIN A EUROPEAN ENERGY STRATEGY;448
9.6;CHAPTER 22. POSSIBLE NUCLEAR ENERGY STRATEGY IN JAPAN (POSSIBILITY OF FUSION-FISSION HYBRID REACTOR);456
9.6.1;ABSTRACT;456
9.6.2;I. INTRODUCTION;457
9.6.3;II. DEVELOPMENT OF LMFBR;458
9.6.4;III. DEVELOPMENT SCHEDULE OF CTR(10);459
9.6.5;IV. POSSIBILITY OF HYBRID REACTOR;461
9.6.6;V. SUMMARY;466
9.6.7;References;467
9.6.8;ACKNOWLEDGEMENT;468
9.7;ROUND TABLE DISCUSSION ON HYBRID REACTORS;470
9.7.1;SUMMARY REPORT BY THE MODERATOR;470
9.7.2;TABLE 1. QUESTIONS
ON HYBRIDS AND FISSION;471
9.7.3;TABLE 2. QUESTIONS
ON HYBRIDS AND FUSION;476
9.7.4;TABLE 3.
FINAL QUESTIONS;478
9.7.5;TABLE 4.
CONCLUSIONS;480
9.8;LIS T OF PARTICIPANTS;482