Brozek / Bro?ek Human Body Composition

Approaches and Applications
1. Auflage 2016
ISBN: 978-1-4832-8269-5
Verlag: Elsevier Science & Techn.
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, 324 Seiten, Web PDF

Human Body Composition: Approaches and Applications focuses on approaches to the description of human physique; clarification of the role of factors determining and modifying body composition; and assessment of biological and medical significance of individual differences in body composition. The selection first discusses advances and developments in the methods for the study of body composition and chemical analysis of the body. Discussions focus on direct and roentgenographic studies of bone mineralization; caliper and roentgenogrammetric values of the thickness of subcutaneous adipose tissue; and soft tissue roentgenography. The text also looks at determination of specific gravity of live sheep and its correlation with fat percentage and interpretation of whole body potassium measurements. The manuscript evaluates research on body composition and its relevance for human biology, including sex, growth, and aging, physical activity, loss and gain of body weight, and body composition in animals. The book also elaborates on sex difference in body composition, physical activity and body composition, hydrometry of growth and aging, and body composition and appraisal of nutriture. The selection is a reliable reference for readers interested in the composition of the human body.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Brozek, Josef

Bro?ek, Josef

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Front Cover;1
2;Human Body Composition: Approaches and Applications;4
3;Copyright Page;5
4;PREFACE;6
5;Table of Contents;10
6;PART 1: APPROACHES;12
6.1;CHAPTER 1. METHODS FOR THE STUDY OF BODY COMPOSITION: SOME RECENT ADVANCES AND DEVELOPMENTS;14
6.1.1;ANTHROPOMETRY;14
6.1.2;SOFT-TISSUE ROENTGENOGRAPHY;17
6.1.3;CALIPER AND ROENTGENOGRAMMETRIC VALUES OF THE THICKNESS OF SUBCUTANEOUS ADIPOSE TISSUE;19
6.1.4;DIRECT AND ROENTGENOGRAPHIC STUDIES OF BONE MINERALIZATION;21
6.1.5;DENSITOMETRY;24
6.1.6;HYDROMETRY. ELECTROLYTES;28
6.1.7;SUMMARY;31
6.1.8;REFERENCES;33
6.1.9;ADDENDUM;40
6.1.10;REFERENCES;41
6.2;CHAPTER 2. CHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF THE BODY;44
6.2.1;REFERENCES;58
6.3;CHAPTER 3. DETERMINATION OF SPECIFIC GRAVITY OF LIVE SHEEP AND ITS CORRELATION WITH FAT PERCENTAGE;62
6.3.1;EDITOR'S ADDENDUM;64
6.3.2;REFERENCES;66
6.4;CHAPTER 4. INTERPRETATION OF WHOLE BODY POTASSIUM MEASUREMENTS;70
6.4.1;REFERENCES;72
6.5;CHAPTER 5. HUMAN SIZE, SHAPE, AND COMPOSITION;74
6.5.1;A CLASSIFICATION IN TERMS OF FAT AND LEAN;78
6.5.2;REFERENCES;84
6.6;CHAPTER 6. SOMATIC STANDARDS OF REFERENCE;86
6.6.1;METABOLIC RATE AND HEAT PRODUCTION;86
6.6.2;SURFACE AREA;87
6.6.3;POWER OF BODY WEIGHT;89
6.6.4;BASAL METABOLISM;90
6.6.5;GROSS BODY WEIGHT AS A STANDARD;91
6.6.6;FAT-FREE BODY MASS;93
6.6.7;REFERENCES;94
7;PART 2: APPLICATIONS IN NORMAL MAN;96
7.1;CHAPTER 7. RESEARCH ON BODY COMPOSITION AND ITS RELEVANCE FOR HUMAN BIOLOGY;98
7.1.1;BODY COMPOSITION IN ANIMALS;103
7.1.2;FUNCTIONAL AND PATHOLOGICAL CORRELATES;105
7.1.3;SEX, GROWTH, AND AGING;108
7.1.4;PHYSICAL ACTIVITY;112
7.1.5;LOSS AND GAIN OF BODY WEIGHT;115
7.1.6;REFERENCES;125
7.1.7;ADDENDUM;129
7.1.8;REFERENCES;130
7.2;CHAPTER 8. STORES IN THE HUMAN BODY;134
7.2.1;REFERENCES;141
7.3;CHAPTER 9. SEX DIFFERENCE IN BODY COMPOSITION;142
7.3.1;REFERENCES;149
7.4;CHAPTER 10. BODY COMPOSITION, CULTURE, AND SEX: TWO COMMENTS;152
7.4.1;1. BODY COMPOSITION OF ADOLESCENT BOYS OF LIKE GENETIC CONSTITUTION BUT REARED IN SEPARATE CULTURES;152
7.4.2;2. BODY COMPOSITION OF ADOLESCENT GIRLS AND A COMPARISON WITH BOYS;164
7.4.3;REFERENCES;172
7.5;CHAPTER 11. PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND BODY COMPOSITION;174
7.5.1;REFERENCES;185
7.6;CHAPTER 12. BODY COMPOSITION IN NORMAL ADULTS;190
7.6.1;MULTIPLE SIMULTANEOUS ISOTOPE DILUTIONAL METHODS;191
7.6.2;PREDICTION OF NORMAL BODY COMPOSITION;192
7.6.3;EXAMPLES OF NORMAL BODY COMPOSITION;193
7.6.4;FAT-FREE BODY AND BODY FAT;196
7.6.5;BODY CELL MASS;197
7.6.6;ALTERATIONS IN BODY COMPOSITION WITH INCREASING BODY WEIGHT;198
7.6.7;FARTHER HORIZONS;202
7.6.8;REFERENCES;202
7.7;CHAPTER 13. HYDROMETRY OF GROWTH AND AGING;204
7.7.1;BODY WATER COMPARTMENTS;204
7.7.2;REFERENCES;222
7.8;CHAPTER 14. RADIOGRAPHIC STUDIES OF BODY COMPOSITION IN CHILDREN AND ADULTS;226
7.8.1;METHODS;227
7.8.2;RESULTS;231
7.8.3;REFERENCES;249
8;PART 3: APPLICATIONS TO THE STUDY OF DISEASE;252
8.1;CHAPTER 15. APPLICATIONS TO THE STUDY OF DISEASE: AN INTRODUCTORY COMMENT;254
8.1.1;REFERENCES;257
8.2;CHAPTER 16. BODY COMPOSITION AND APPRAISAL OF NUTRITURE;260
8.2.1;NUTRIENT RESERVES;263
8.2.2;THE FAT COMPARTMENT AND FAT METABOLISM;263
8.2.3;THE BONE MINERAL COMPARTMENT;264
8.2.4;PROTEIN RESERVES AND THE BODY COMPARTMENTS;266
8.2.5;REFERENCES;269
8.2.6;PART II by J . D. L. HANSEN;270
8.2.7;REFERENCES;278
8.2.8;COMMENT by J . S. GARROW;278
8.3;CHAPTER 17. SOME EFFECTS OF MALNUTRITION ON BODY COMPOSITION;282
8.3.1;REFERENCES;286
8.4;CHAPTER 18. BODY COMPOSITION AND THE ETIOLOGY OF DEGENERATIVE DISEASES;288
8.4.1;REFERENCES;299
9;PART 4: APPENDIXES;302
9.1;APPENDIX 1: BODY COMPOSITION AND HUMAN BIOLOGY: AN EPILOGUE;304
9.1.1;THE PUBLISHED RECORD;304
9.1.2;TOOLS vs. PROBLEMS;308
9.1.3;REFERENCES;317
9.2;APPENDIX 2: BODY GELL MASS: A SPECIAL REVIEW;320
9.2.1;REFERENCES;328