Broadbent Perception and Communication

1. Auflage 2013
ISBN: 978-1-4832-2582-1
Verlag: Elsevier Science & Techn.
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, 344 Seiten, Web PDF

Perception and Communication covers the significant advances in understanding the association between perception and communication. This book is composed of 12 chapters and starts with an overview of the value of auditory studies and the basic principles of perception and behavior theory. The next chapters deal with the theoretical interpretation of the experiments concerning selective listening to speech and some of the distinctive features of human verbal behavior. These topics are followed by discussions of the role of communication channels in listening; the effects of noise on behavior; the general nature of vigilance; some data on individual differences related to extraversion and decrement in non-vigilance tasks; and the nature of extinction. The closing chapters consider the problems of multi-channeling listening and the selective nature of learning. These chapters also provide a summary of principles of perception and communication. This book will prove useful to applied psychologists, behaviorists, and researchers.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Broadbent, D. E.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Front Cover;1
2;Perception and Communication;4
3;Copyright Page;5
4;Table of Contents;6
5;CHAPTER 1.
INTRODUCTION: HEARING AND BEHAVIOUR;8
5.1;The Value of Auditory Studies;9
5.2;Perception and Behaviour Theory;14
6;CHAPTER 2.
SELECTIVE LISTENING TO SPEECH;18
6.1;Experiments showing Central Effects;18
6.2;Monitoring of several channels with response to one at a time;31
6.3;Some Miscellaneous Results;36
6.4;CONCLUSIONS;41
7;CHAPTER 3.
VERBAL AND BODILY RESPONSE;43
7.1;General Development of Terms;43
7.2;Multi-channel Listening and These Terms;47
7.3;Verbal and Bodily Response;52
7.4;Relation to Earlier Approaches;65
7.5;CONCLUSION;74
8;CHAPTER 4. THE ASSESSMENT OF COMMUNICATIONS CHANNELS FOR EASE OF LISTENING;75
8.1;The Multiplicity of Criteria;75
8.2;Transposed Speech and Simultaneous Tracking;80
8.3;Binaural Presentation and Simultaneous Tracking;82
8.4;GENERAL CONCLUSIONS;85
9;CHAPTER 5.
THE EFFECTS OF NOISE ON BEHAVIOUR;88
9.1;Transient Effects of Noise;90
9.2;Experiments Showing No Effects of Noise;93
9.3;Experiments Showing Effects of Noise;98
9.4;Omissions in the Literature;109
9.5;PRACTICAL CONCLUSIONS ON NOISE;111
9.6;GENERAL CONCLUSIONS;113
10;CHAPTER 6.
THE GENERAL NATURE OF VIGILANCE;115
10.1;The Problem;115
10.2;Methods of Preventing Rapid Declines in Clock-Test Type Tasks;117
10.3;Vigilance Tasks Differing from the Clock Test;120
10.4;Experiments on Inhibition and Expectancy;128
10.5;Experiments on Activation and on Filter Theory;132
10.6;A Synthesis of Views on Vigilance;141
10.7;Perceptual ' Fatigue ' in Prolonged Work;142
10.8;Conclusions on Vigilance and Filter Theory;145
11;CHAPTER 7.
SOME DATA ON INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES;147
11.1;Data from Vigilance Tasks;150
11.2;Extraversion and Decrement in Non-Vigilance Tasks;157
11.3;Evidence other than Differences in Decrement;164
11.4;A General View of the Problem;172
12;CHAPTER 8.
THE NATURE OF EXTINCTION;181
12.1;The Adequacy of Reactive Inhibition;182
12.2;The Weakness of the Argument for Inhibition;194
12.3;Filter Theory in Extinction of Classical Conditioned Responses;197
12.4;Limits and Merits of the Various Theories;203
12.5;On the Relation of Classical to Instrumental Conditioning;208
12.6;Disinhibition;212
12.7;GENERAL CONCLUSIONS;216
13;CHAPTER 9. IMMEDIATE MEMORY AND THE SHIFTING OF ATTENTION;217
13.1;The Problem of Short-term Storage;223
13.2;Order Effects in Immediate Memory;224
13.3;The Effect of Instructions Before and After Stimulation;228
13.4;The ' Rehearsal and Fading Trace ' Theory of Immediate Memory;232
13.5;CONCLUSIONS;249
14;CHAPTER 10.
THE SELECTIVE NATURE OF LEARNING;251
14.1;Stimulus Dynamisms;254
14.2;Filter Theory as a Substitute for Reinforcement;258
14.3;Theories of Response;263
14.4;On the Relation Between Various Theories;269
15;CHAPTER 11.
RECENT VIEWS ON SKILL;275
15.1;Refractoriness;275
15.2;Anticipation;289
15.3;Speed and Load;294
15.4;Preferred Control-Display Relationships;298
15.5;CONCLUSIONS;302
16;CHAPTER 12.
RETROSPECT AND PROSPECT;304
16.1;SUMMARY OF PRINCIPLES;304
16.2;Major Implications of These Principles;306
16.3;Characteristics of the Present Approach;308
16.4;On the Limits of Hypothetico-deductive Method;314
16.5;On the Status of Scientific Methodology;320
17;REFERENCES;324
18;NAME INDEX;340
19;SUBJECT INDEX;344