Visualizing with Text

1. Auflage 2020
ISBN: 978-0-367-25930-3
Verlag: Taylor & Francis Ltd

Buch, Englisch, 298 Seiten, Format (B × H): 178 mm x 254 mm, Gewicht: 710 g

Reihe: AK Peters Visualization Series

Visualizing with Text uncovers the rich palette of text elements usable in visualizations from simple labels through to documents. Using a multidisciplinary research effort spanning across fields including visualization, typography, and cartography, it builds a solid foundation for the design space of text in visualization. The book illustrates many new kinds of visualizations, including microtext lines, skim formatting, and typographic sets that solve some of the shortcomings of well-known visualization techniques.

Key features:

- More than 240 illustrations to aid inspiration of new visualizations

- Eight new approaches to data visualization leveraging text

- Quick reference guide for visualization with text

- Builds a solid foundation extending current visualization theory

- Bridges between visualization, typography, text analytics, and natural language processing

The author website, including teaching exercises and interactive demos and code, can be found here. Designers, developers, and academics can use this book as a reference and inspiration for new approaches to visualization in any application that uses text.

Zielgruppe

Academic and Professional Practice & Development

Autoren/Hrsg.

Brath, Richard

Fachgebiete

• Mathematik | Informatik EDV | Informatik Programmierung | Softwareentwicklung Spiele-Programmierung, Rendering, Animation
• Mathematik | Informatik EDV | Informatik Daten / Datenbanken
• Mathematik | Informatik EDV | Informatik Programmierung | Softwareentwicklung Webprogrammierung
• Mathematik | Informatik EDV | Informatik Informatik Mensch-Maschine-Interaktion Informationsvisualisierung
• Mathematik | Informatik EDV | Informatik Professionelle Anwendung

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1 Why Visualize With Text?
1.1 WHY TEXT?
1.2 500 YEARS OF PUSHING TEXT OUT OF VISUALIZATIONS
1.3 (RE)LEARNING FROM HISTORY
1.3.1 Cartography
1.3.2 Typography
1.3.3 Tables
1.3.4 Science Classification and Notation
1.3.5 Code editors
1.3.6 Alphanumeric Charts
1.3.7 Art and Poetry
1.3.8 Graphic Design and Advertising
1.3.9 Comics
1.3.10 Post-Modern Text
1.3.11 Data Visualization
1.4 FURTHER READING
2 The Design Space of Visualization with Text
2.1 IS TEXT VISUALIZATION?
2.1.1 Visualization as visual patterns
2.1.2 Visualization as organized inventory
2.1.3 Visualization as communication
2.2 VISUALIZATION DESIGN SPACE TODAY
2.2.1 Visualization anatomy
2.2.2 Visualization encoding
2.3 PREPROCESSING TEXT FOR THE VISUALIZATION PIPELINE
2.4 DERIVING A VISUALIZATION PIPELINE FOR TEXT
2.5 FURTHER READING
3 Characterizing Text
3.1 LITERAL DATA 40
3.1.1 Functional benefits: the data contains text
3.1.2 Perceptual benefits: fast, efficient access to detail
3.1.3 Cognitive benefits: Reasoning aid
3.1.4 Language constraints
3.2 TYPOGRAPHIC ATTRIBUTES
3.2.1 Alphanumeric glyphs (i.e. letters and numbers)
3.2.2 Symbols and paired delimiters
3.2.3 Weight (and bold)
3.2.4 Oblique angle (and italic)
3.2.5 Underlines
3.2.6 Case (upper, lower, small caps and proper)
3.2.7 Width (condensed/expanded, scaling and spacing)
3.2.8 Typeface (i.e. Font)
3.2.9 Low-level font parameters: x-height, contrast, stress, serif types, etc.
3.2.10 Shifting baseline and text on a path
3.3 NON-TYPE VISUAL ATTRIBUTES
3.3.1 Size
3.3.2 Rotation
3.3.3 Fill Color
3.3.4 Outline and Outline Color
3.3.5 Gradients or Drop Shadows
3.3.6 Superimposition and Contrast
3.3.7 Distortion and Extrusion
3.3.8 3D Orientation
3.3.9 Motion
3.3.10 More: Texture, Blur, Transparency, Etc.
3.4 MARKS and TEXT SCOPE
3.4.1 Point marks: characters, codes, syllables and words
3.4.2 Line marks: Phrases and sentences
3.4.3 Area marks: Paragraphs and chapters
3.4.4 Readability of text
3.5 TEXT LAYOUTS: PROSE, TABLES and LISTS
3.5.1 Prose
3.5.2 Tables
3.5.3 Lists and Indices
3.6 TEXT INTERACTIONS
3.7 TEXT CHARACTERIZATION FOR VISUALIZATION DESIGN SUMMARY
3.8 FURTHER READING
4 Using the Design Space
4.1 STRUCTURED DATA and BERTINS PERMUTATIONS
4.2 UNSTRUCTURED DATA ANALYSIS and NLP
4.3 MULTIPLE ATTRIBUTES
4.4 ROLES FOR TEXT IN VISUALIZATIONS 81
4.5 VISUALIZATION BUSINESS OPPORTUNITIES
4.6 FURTHER READING
5 Point Labels
5.1 LABELS AS POINT MARKS
5.2 READING IS FASTER THAN INTERACTING
5.3 CODES AS LABELS
5.4 FULL LABELS
5.5 GROUP LABELS and VERY LONG LABELS
5.6 MANY LABELS and LONG LABELS
5.7 MASSIVE DATA, LABELS and ZOOM
5.8 FURTHER READING
6 Distributions
6.1 HIGHLIGHTING VALUES in STEM & LEAF PLOTS
6.2 LITERAL LEAVES
6.2.1 Literal leaves showing alphanumeric codes
6.2.2 Literal leaves showing words and phrases
6.3 LITERAL STEMS and LITERAL LEAVES
6.3.1 Literal stems & leaves with codes
6.3.2 Literal stems & leaves with words
6.3.3 Literal stems & leaves with phrases
6.4 STEMS & LEAF HIERARCHIES and GRAPHS
6.4.1 Simple Stems & leaf hierarchy
6.4.2 Stems & leaf graph
6.4.3 Stems & leaf hierarchies on a corpus
6.5 STEMS & LEAF INTERACTIONS
6.6 FURTHER READING
7 Microtext Lines
7.1 TEXT ON PATHS
7.2 THE NEED TO VISUALIZE MANY TIMESERIES
7.2.1 Line Charts with Many Lines
7.2.2 Microtext and river labels with many lines
7.2.3 Do microtext lines work?
7.2.4 Interactive microtext line charts
7.3 MICROTEXT APPLIED TO OTHER VISUALIZATION LAYOUTS
7.4 FURTHER READING
8 Sets & Categories
8.1 CHALLENGES VISUALIZING MULTIPLE CATEGORIES
8.2 INDICATING SET MEMBERSHIP WITH TEXT
8.3 TYPOGRAPHIC VENN AND EULER DIAGRAMS
8.4 TYPOGRAPHIC GRAPHS
8.5 TYPOGRAPHIC SCATTERPLOTS
8.6 TYPOGRAPHIC MOSAIC PLOTS
8.7 TYPOGRAPHIC BAR CHARTS WITH STACKED LABELS
8.8 HANDLING MANY CATEGORIES
8.8.1 Many different visual attributes
8.8.2 Visual attributes applied to individual characters
8.8.3 Decoding vs. noticing a difference
8.8.4 Going Further
8.9 FURTHER READING
9 Maps & Ordered Data
9.1 PROBLEMS WITH THEMATIC MAPS
9.2 TYPOGRAPHIC THEMATIC MAP WITH A SINGLE ORDERED VARIABLE
9.3 MULTI-VARIATE TYPOGRAPHIC THEMATIC MAPS
9.4 HANDLING LONG LABELS
9.5 SCALING TO THOUSANDS OF LABELS
9.6 NON-DISTORTED TYPOGRAPHIC MAPS
9.7 TYPOGRAPHIC SCOPE: PARAGRAPHS AND GLYPHS
9.8 DO TYPOGRAPHIC THEMATIC MAPS WORK?
9.9 TYPOGRAPHIC ORDERING WITH OTHER ATTRIBUTES AND LAYOUTS
9.10 FURTHER READING
10 Ratios & Quantitative Data
10.1 QUANTITATIVE DATA
10.2 PROPORTIONS ALONG A STRING (BAR CHARTS WITH LONG LABELS)
10.2.1 Proportions along words and phrases
10.2.2 Proportions along lines of text
10.2.3 Proportions to indicate ranges
10.2.4 Proportions, distributions and areas
10.2.5 Proportions in paragraphs
10.2.6 Stacked proportions
10.2.7 Multiple Proportions
10.2.8 Semantic proportions and expressive text
10.3 POSITIONS ALONG A STRING
10.4 CAVEATS, ISSUES AND LIMITATIONS
11 Prose & Prosody
11.1 ENHANCED READING
11.2 SKIM FORMATTING
11.3 FORMATTING LETTERS FOR PRONUNCIATION, SPELLING AND PROSODY
11.4 FURTHER READING
12 SparkWords
12.1 HISTORIC PRECEDENT FOR SPARKWORDS
12.2 SPARKWORDS DEFINED
12.3 SPARKWORDS IN NARRATIVE
12.3.1 Categoric SparkWords
12.3.2 Ordered SparkWords
12.3.3 Quantitative SparkWords
12.4 SPARKWORDS IN LISTS
12.5 SPARKWORDS IN TABLES
12.5.1 Orders of Magnitude
12.5.2 Tables with data added into typographic formats
12.6 FURTHER READING
13 Opportunity & Checklist
13.1 VALIDATION
13.2 CHECKLIST
14 References
14.1 Acknowledgements
14.2 Peer-reviewed Research
14.3 Bibliography

Über Autor(innen)

Richard Brath has been actively involved in the research, design, and development of data visualization and visual analytics since 1990. His research interests include exploration of the boundaries of visualization – such as this book regarding text and visualization – as well as graph visualization, automated insights, 3D, spreadsheets, aesthetics, and machine learning. From a commercial perspective, Richard focuses on the creation of unique, innovative visualizations that are in use by hundreds of thousands of users. Richard originally acquired a degree in architecture and worked in industrial design, special effects, and 3D animation. With the opportunity to solve business challenges with interactive computer graphics, Richard switched to visualization, creating one of the first interactive 3D financial visualizations on the web (1996). Richard is a partner at Uncharted Software, where his team creates a wide variety of visualizations, ranging from small mobile screens to multi-screen video walls. These visualizations are used in domains such as financial markets, professional sports, health care, journalism, and customer analytics. Richard has a personal blog at richardbrath.wordpress.com.