Brachet / Mirsky The Cell

Biochemistry, Physiology, Morphology
1. Auflage 2014
ISBN: 978-1-4832-1654-6
Verlag: Elsevier Science & Techn.
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, 840 Seiten, Web PDF

The Cell: Biochemistry, Physiology, Morphology, Volume I focuses on the advancements of processes, techniques, and approaches used in studies on the structure and functions of cells. The selection first offers information on the optical methods in cytology, fixation and staining, and autoradiography. Discussions focus on microscopical analysis, techniques related to autoradiography, staining for electron microscopy and light microscopy, fixation, electron microscope in cytology, and X-ray microscopy of cells. The text then takes a look at the quantitative microscopical techniques for single cells and quantitative microchemical techniques of histo- and cytochemistry. The manuscript ponders on micrurgical studies on living cells, isolation of subcellular components, and 'tissue culture,' cellular autonomy, and cellular interrelations. Topics include standardization procedures, factors influencing the choice of isolation procedure, future applications and extensions of micrurgy, and applications of micrurgy to the study of living cells. The effects of radiations on cells, acquisition of biological specificity, and nucleocytoplasmic interactions in eggs and embryos are also discussed. The selection is a dependable reference for researchers interested in pursuing further studies on the biochemistry, physiology, and morphology of cells.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Brachet, Jean

Mirsky, Alfred E.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Front
Cover;1
2;The Cell:
Biochemistry, Physiology, Morphology;4
3;Copyright Page;5
4;Table of Contents;10
5;LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS;6
6;PREFACE;8
7;CONTENTS, VOLUMES II AND III;14
8;CONTENTS, VOLUMES IV AND V;15
9;INTRODUCTION;16
10;PART I:
METHODS;24
10.1;CHAPTER 1. Optical Methods
in Cytology;26
10.1.1;I. INTRODUCTION;26
10.1.2;II. EXTENSIONS OF OPTICAL MICROSCOPY;28
10.1.3;III. THE ELECTRON MICROSCOPE IN CYTOLOGY;38
10.1.4;IV. THE X-RAY MICROSCOPY OF CELLS;42
10.1.5;V. CONCLUSION;44
10.1.6;REFERENCES;45
10.2;CHAPTER 2.
Fixation and Staining;46
10.2.1;I. DEFINITION OF FIXATION AND STAINING;47
10.2.2;II. FIXATION;48
10.2.3;III. STAINING FOR LIGHT MICROSCOPY;66
10.2.4;IV. STAINING FOR ELECTRON MICROSCOPY;79
10.2.5;REFERENCES;85
10.3;CHAPTER 3.
Autoradiography;92
10.3.1;I. INTRODUCTION;92
10.3.2;II. OUTLINE OF THE VARIOUS AUTORADIOGRAPHY TECHNIQUES;93
10.3.3;III. TECHNIQUES RELATED TO AUTORADIOGRAPHY;97
10.3.4;IV. MICROSCOPICAL ANALYSIS;102
10.3.5;V. CONCLUSION;105
10.3.6;REFERENCES;113
10.4;CHAPTER 4. Quantitative Microscopical Techniques for Single Cells;116
10.4.1;I. INTRODUCTION;116
10.4.2;II. METHODS;121
10.4.3;III. INDIVIDUAL TECHNIQUES;130
10.4.4;IV. CONCLUSIONS;155
10.4.5;ACKNOWLEDGMENTS;158
10.4.6;REFERENCES;158
10.5;CHAPTER 5. Quantitative Microchemical Techniques of Histo- and
Cytochemistry;164
10.5.1;I. INTRODUCTION;165
10.5.2;II. PREPARATION OF SAMPLES;165
10.5.3;III. MEASUREMENT OF AMOUNT OF SAMPLE;168
10.5.4;V. SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC TECHNIQUES;173
10.5.5;VI. FLAME PHOTOMETRIC TECHNIQUES;175
10.5.6;VII. FLUOROMETRIC TECHNIQUES;176
10.5.7;VIII. GASOMETRIC TECHNIQUES;178
10.5.8;IX.
DILATOMETRIC TECHNIQUES;180
10.5.9;X. MICROBIOLOGICAL TECHNIQUES;180
10.5.10;XI. CONCLUSIONS;181
10.5.11;REFERENCES;182
10.6;CHAPTER 6. Micrurgical Studies on Living Cells;186
10.6.1;I. HISTORICAL;186
10.6.2;II. INSTRUMENTATION AND PROCEDURES;190
10.6.3;III. APPLICATIONS OF MICRURGY TO THE STUDY OF LIVING CELLS;194
10.6.4;IV. SUBCELLULAR TRANSPLANTATION;194
10.6.5;V. FUTURE APPLICATIONS AND EXTENSIONS OF MICRURGY;208
10.6.6;ACKNOWLEDGMENTS;214
10.6.7;REFERENCES;214
10.7;CHAPTER 7. The Isolation of Subcellular Components;218
10.7.1;I. INTRODUCTION;219
10.7.2;II. FACTORS INFLUENCING THE CHOICE OF ISOLATION PROCEDURE;222
10.7.3;III. THE TECHNIQUES OF CELL FRACTIONATION;237
10.7.4;IV. SOME REPRESENTATIVE ISOLATION PROCEDURES;273
10.7.5;V. STANDARDIZATION PROCEDURES;288
10.7.6;VI. SOME GENERAL CONCLUSIONS;306
10.7.7;REFERENCES;307
10.8;CHAPTER 8. The Cell as Organism. "TTissu Culture," Cellular Autonomy,
and Cellular Interrelations;316
10.8.1;I. INTRODUCTION;317
10.8.2;II. HISTORY;318
10.8.3;III. THE SUBJECT MATTER;320
10.8.4;IV. METHODS;335
10.8.5;V. CONCLUSIONS;347
10.8.6;REFERENCES;348
11;PART II:
PROBLEMS OF CELL BIOLOGY;352
11.1;CHAPTER 9.
Fertilization;354
11.1.1;I. GENERAL ASPECTS OF FERTILIZATION;354
11.1.2;II. FERTILIZATION IN SELECTED CASES;361
11.1.3;III. CONCLUSIONS;416
11.1.4;REFERENCES;418
11.2;CHAPTER 10.
Sex Determination;426
11.2.1;I. INTRODUCTION;427
11.2.2;II. CYTOGENETIC THEORY OF SEX DETERMINATION;428
11.2.3;III. KARYOLOGIC BASIS OF THE MECHANISMS OF SEX DETERMINATION;429
11.2.4;IV. EXPERIMENTAL VERIFICATIONS OF THE CYTOGENETIC THEORY
OF SEX DETERMINATION;442
11.2.5;V. GENETIC BIPOTENTIALITY OF SEX;452
11.2.6;VI. INTERSEXUALITY AND GENETIC INTERPRETATION OF SEX:
GENIC BALANCE;453
11.2.7;VII: EPIGAMOUS FACTORS, INTERSEXUALITY, AND SEX DETERMINATION;458
11.2.8;VIII. CONCLUSIONS;459
11.2.9;ACKNOWLEDGMENTS;460
11.2.10;REFERENCES;460
11.3;CHAPTER 11. Differentiation of
Vertebrate Cells;464
11.3.1;I. THE CONCEPT OF DIFFERENTIATION;466
11.3.2;II. CRITERIA OF DIFFERENTIATION;468
11.3.3;III. PROPERTIES OF CYTODIFFERENTIATION;475
11.3.4;IV. THEORETICAL CONSIDERATIONS;513
11.3.5;REFERENCES;518
11.4;CHAPTER 12. Patterns of Cell Growth and
Differentiation in Plants;524
11.4.1;I. INTRODUCTION;524
11.4.2;II. SHOOT DEVELOPMENT FROM A SINGLE APICAL CELL;528
11.4.3;III. APICAL DEVELOPMENT FROM A GROUP OF INITIAL CELLS;537
11.4.4;REFERENCES;561
11.5;CHAPTER 13. Nucleocytoplasmic Interactions
In Eggs and Embryos;564
11.5.1;I. INTRODUCTION;565
11.5.2;II. ORGANIZATION OF THE EGG;567
11.5.3;III. NUCLEOCYTOPLASMIC INTERACTIONS IN CLEAVAGE;581
11.5.4;IV. NUCLEOCYTOPLASMIC INTERACTIONS IN DIFFERENTIATION;592
11.5.5;V. GENERAL SUMMARY;636
11.5.6;REFERENCES;638
11.6;CHAPTER 14. The Acquisition of
Biological Specificity;646
11.6.1;I. BIOLOGICAL SPECIFICITY;647
11.6.2;II.
TRANSPLANTATION IMMUNITY;649
11.6.3;III. THE ONTOGENY OF TRANSPLANTATION IMMUNITY;660
11.6.4;IV. ACTIVELY ACQUIRED TOLERANCE;662
11.6.5;V. THE DEVELOPMENT OF TISSUE SPECIFICITY;671
11.6.6;VI. OTHER RESPONSES OF DEVELOPING SYSTEMS TO IMPLANTS
OF ADULT TISSUE;695
11.6.7;VII. CONCLUDING REMARKS: PERSPECTIVES;711
11.6.8;REFERENCES;713
11.7;CHAPTER 15.
Effects of Radiations on Cells;722
11.7.1;INTRODUCTION;723
11.7.2;II. ACTION OF RADIATIONS AT THE MOLECULAR LEVEL;723
11.7.3;III. BIOCHEMICAL EFFECTS;732
11.7.4;IV. CYTOCHEMICAL EFFECTS;737
11.7.5;V. BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS;741
11.7.6;VI. VARIABLES IN RADIATION EFFECTS;751
11.7.7;VII. ALTERATIONS OF RADIATION EFFECTS BY FOREIGN AGENTS;755
11.7.8;REFERENCES;760
12;AUTHOR INDEX;768
13;SUBJECT INDEX;795