Buch, Englisch, 304 Seiten, Format (B × H): 156 mm x 234 mm, Gewicht: 603 g
Buch, Englisch, 304 Seiten, Format (B × H): 156 mm x 234 mm, Gewicht: 603 g
ISBN: 978-1-78945-191-7
Verlag: Wiley
Science and technology profoundly shape the world today. Over the last two centuries, they have become powerful engines of change, accounting for some of the most important forms of human activity, inseparable from social, political and economic life. Analyzing their modes of production, the dynamics of their dissemination, the different forms of their use and opposition to them is a major academic and political challenge.
Science and Technology in Society offers a broad overview of work carried out in France, in the international multi-disciplinary field of Science and Technology Studies (STS), and is the product of a collaboration between some thirty authors. It aims to provide an introduction to this field of research, its development, benefits and the new perspectives that are emerging.
This book presents and discusses studies that are still little-known in France, even though, paradoxically, many researchers from French institutions make decisive contributions to international work in this field.
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Weitere Infos & Material
Presentation of the "History of Sciences" Field xi
Jean-Claude DUPONT
Introduction. Science and Technology in Societies xiii
Soraya BOUDIA and Ashveen PEERBAYE
Chapter 1. STS: French History of an (In)discipline 1
Pierre-Benoît JOLY
1.1. Introduction 1
1.2. The difficult constitution of "research on research", between institutional control and academic conformism 3
1.2.1. The emergence of STS on the margins of the humanities and social sciences 3
1.2.2. Institutional initiatives with mixed results 5
1.3. An iconoclastic conception of science for thinking differently about society 7
1.3.1. The invention of actor-network theory 7
1.3.2. Science and innovations as society in the making 9
1.4. The new wave: moving beyond the paradigm of action 11
1.4.1. Analyzing the transformations of regimes of knowledge production 13
1.4.2. Technical democracy and its blind alleys 15
1.4.3. Knowing and acting in a finite world 17
1.5. Conclusion 19
1.6. Acknowledgments 21
1.7. References 21
Chapter 2. Laboratory Studies: Beyond a Founding Myth of STS 29
Ashveen PEERBAYE and Dominique VINCK
2.1. Introduction 29
2.2. From pioneers to canonical studies: context of the emergence of laboratory studies 30
2.2.1. Pioneers 30
2.2.2. The place of laboratory studies in the context of a new sociology of scientific knowledge (SSK) 32
2.3. Founding studies 34
2.3.1. Art and Artifact in Laboratory Science 34
2.3.2. The Manufacture of Knowledge 35
2.3.3. Laboratory Life 36
2.3.4. Beamtimes and Lifetimes 38
2.4. Major contributions of laboratory ethnographies to the study of science and technology 38
2.4.1. The materiality of scientific practices 38
2.4.2. The laboratory as an arrangement 40
2.5. After the founding studies 42
2.5.1. Towards a trivialization of laboratory studies? 42
2.5.2. Extensions and renewals 44
2.6. Conclusion 46
2.7. References 47
Chapter 3. STS and Biomedicine 53
Claire BEAUDEVIN, Luc BERLIVET, Catherine BOURGAIN and Jean-Paul GAUDILLIÈRE
3.1. Introduction 53
3.2. Practicing biomedicine 54
3.2.1. From experimentation to routinization of biomedical practices 54
3.2.2. Biomedicine, its visions and its imaginaries 55
3.2.3. Molecularization, diagnosis and evidence-based medicine 56
3.2.4. Work on uncertainty 57
3.2.5. Pharmaceuticalization 59
3.3. Under the sign of risk: the (bio)politics of biomedicine 59
3.3.1. The epidemiology of risk factors 60
3.3.2. Controversies and institutional consolidation 61
3.3.3. Criticisms of biomedical individualism 62
3.4. Innovation, politics and the economics of biomedicine 64
3.5. Conclusion 68
3.6. References 69
Chapter 4. Science for the People? STS Perspectives on the Question of Science and the Public 77
Bernadette BENSAUDE-VINCENT and Andrée BERGERON
4.1. Introduction 77
4.2. A multidisciplinary heritage 78
4.3. STS enters the scene 79
4.4. From the era of suspicion to contestation 81
4.5. Embedded STS for "responsible innovation" 83
4.6. The participatory turn 84
4.7. Conclusion 88
4.8. References 89
Chapter 5. Politics of Expertise 97
Henri BOULLIER and David DEMORTAIN
5.1. Introduction 97
5.2. Deconstructing scientific expertise 98
5.2.1. Expertise, public decision-making and the demarcation of science and politics 98
5.2.2. Expertise in public arenas and the politicization of science 100
5.2.3. "Lay" expertise, models of expertise, democracy 101
5.2.4. Organization, proceduralization and production of expertise 103
5.3. Politics of expertise: revisitations and lines of flight 104
5.3.1. Citizen science and conflict of expertise 105
5.3.2. Knowledge and expert communities: reexamining regulatory science 107
5.3.3. Capture, conflicts of interest and the political economy of science 108
5.4. Conclusion: crisis of expertise and credibility 110
5.5. References 111
Chapter 6. STS, Industry, and Risk Regulation 121
Nathalie JAS and Marc-Olivier DÉPLAUDE
6.1. Introduction 121
6.2. Co-production and participation: making industries invisible 122
6.3. Industry strategies: invisibilizing risks, neutralizing criticism 126
6.4. Regulations structurally favorable for powerful industries 129
6.5. Conclusion: thinking about the systemic influence of industry 133
6.6. References 134
Chapter 7. Ignorance Studies in STS 141
Laura BARBIER, Maël GOUMRI and Justyna MOIZARD-LANVIN
7.1. Introduction 141
7.2. Agnotology, or ignorance as an object of study 142
7.3. The main mechanisms of production of institutional ignorance 145
7.4. Undone science as a policy of producing ignorance 147
7.5. Expanding the field of ignorance studies 150
7.6. Conclusion 152
7.7. References 153
Chapter 8. What the South is Doing to STS: Globalized Technoscience and Decolonization of Knowledge 159
Mathieu QUET, Mina KLEICHE-DRAY and David DUMOULIN KERVRAN
8.1. Introduction 159
8.2. Analyzing scientific transactions on the margins of globalization 160
8.3. Describing technological globalization from below 163
8.4. Defining the universality of knowledge based on movements 166
8.5. Conclusion 169
8.6. References 169
Chapter 9. Environmental STS 179
Nicolas BAYA-LAFFITE, Soraya BOUDIA and Céline GRANJOU
9.1. Introduction 179
9.2. A relational materialism 180
9.3. The science and politics of the global 184
9.4. Environmental injustice 188
9.5. Conclusion 190
9.6. References 192
Chapter 10. Soils and Subsoils in STS: Technosciences and Underground Entities 203
Brice LAURENT, Julien MERLIN and Germain MEULEMANS
10.1. Introduction 203
10.2. Critique of soil and subsoil sciences, colonial and postcolonial issues 204
10.3. Transforming soils and subsoils into resources 207
10.4. Putting soils and subsoils to work in times of transition 209
10.5. Conclusion: towards new soil and subsoil policies? 212
10.6. References 213
Chapter 11. STS and the Digital 219
Marine AL DAHDAH, Éric DAGIRAL and Baptiste KOTRAS
11.1. Introduction 219
11.2. An irresistible convergence of STS toward the digital? 220
11.3. From data to algorithms, questioning knowledge and powers 223
11.4. New horizons: economic, ecological and postcolonial perspectives on digital technology in STS 226
11.5. Conclusion 229
11.6. References 229
Chapter 12. Maintenance and Repair 239
Jérôme DENIS and David PONTILLE
12.1. Introduction 239
12.2. A renewed interest in maintenance and repair 240
12.3. Rhythms and sites 243
12.4. Materialities 245
12.5. Epistemologies 249
12.6. Conclusion 250
12.7. References 252
List of Authors 261
Index of Ideas 265
Index of Names 271
