Astrophysics, Astronomy and Space Sciences in the History of the Max Planck Society

Erscheinungsjahr 2022
ISBN: 978-90-04-44975-6
Verlag: Brill

Buch, Englisch, Band 4, 714 Seiten, Format (B × H): 155 mm x 235 mm, Gewicht: 1492 g

Reihe: History of Modern Science

This book provides the first comprehensive historical account of the evolution of scientific traditions in astronomy, astrophysics, and the space sciences within the Max Planck Society. Structured with in-depth archival research, interviews with protagonists, unpublished photographs, and an extensive bibliography, it follows a unique history: from the post-war relaunch of physical sciences in West Germany, to the spectacular developments and successes of cosmic sciences in the second half of the 20th century, up to the emergence of multi-messenger astronomy. It reveals how the Society acquired national and international acclaim in becoming one of the world’s most productive research organizations in these fields.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Bonolis, Luisa

Leon, Juan-Andres

Fachgebiete

• Interdisziplinäres Wissenschaften Wissenschaften: Allgemeines Geschichte der Naturwissenschaften, Formalen Wissenschaften & Technik
• Geisteswissenschaften Geschichtswissenschaft Geschichtliche Themen Wissenschafts- und Universitätsgeschichte
• Geisteswissenschaften Geschichtswissenschaft Weltgeschichte & Geschichte einzelner Länder und Gebietsräume Geschichte einzelner Länder Europäische Länder
• Geisteswissenschaften Geschichtswissenschaft Weltgeschichte & Geschichte einzelner Länder und Gebietsräume Europäische Geschichte

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Contents

Foreword by Reinhard Genzel

Foreword by Jürgen Renn

Acknowledgments

Oral History Interviews

List of Illustrations and Figures

Acronyms and Abbreviations

Introduction

1 Nuclear Age (1945–1957): Reconstruction under Regional Fragmentation

1 Postwar Scientific Traditions in Göttingen

2 Postwar Research Traditions in Southwest Germany

3 The Orphan Scenario: Regener, Kiepenheuer, and Dieminger

4 Regional Alliances and Rivalries

2 Space Age (1957–1980s): A Unique Opportunity for Expansion

1 ‘Sputnik Shocks’

2 Reorientation of the Max Planck Society in the Early Space Age: Complementarity and Uncoordinated Competition

3 Astronomical Revolution in the MPG (1960s–1980s): Completing the Wavelength Spectrum

1 Ground-Based Astronomy

2 High-Energy Space-Based Astronomy

3 Reconfiguration of the Astrophysical Sciences and Institutes

4 Internationalization (1970s Onwards): Infrastructural Disappointments and the New International Division of Labor

1 From National Infrastructures to International Collaborations

2 Historical Change and Resilience in Times of Hardship at the End of the Century

3 Into the 21st Century: A New Role for the Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics

5 Global Leadership in Emerging Fields: Toward Astro-Particle Physics, Relativistic Astrophysics, and Multi-Messenger Astronomy

1 Three Case Studies

2 The Solar Neutrino Puzzle: Heidelberg between Cosmochemistry and Astroparticle Physics

3 The Quest for Gravitational Waves

4 From Cosmic Rays to Ground-Based Gamma Ray Astronomy

Appendix: The History of Cosmic Research in the Max Planck Society through Its Finances

1 A Complementary Analysis

2 Financial Periodization of the Cosmic Sciences in the Max Planck Society

3 Shifting Balances of ‘Nuclear,’ ‘Cosmic,’ and ‘Earth-System’ Research

4 Financial Lock-Ins and the Complementarity of Theoretical and Experimental Research

5 Astronomical Institutes, Their Infrastructures, and the End of an Era for the MPG

Bibliography

Index

Über Autor(innen)

Luisa Bonolis, M.A. in Physics, Sapienza University of Rome and Ph.D. in History of Science, University of Bari, is a scholar at the Max Planck Institute for the History of Science, Berlin. She has published monographs and articles on the history of twentieth-century physics.

Juan-Andres Leon, M.A. in Physics and B.A in History from Universidad de los Andes, and Ph.D. in the History of Science from Harvard University. He has been a postdoctoral researcher at the Science History Institute in Philadelphia and at the Max Planck Institute for the History of Science in Berlin. He is currently a Curator at the Science Museum in London.