Bikerman Surface Chemistry

Theory and Applications
2. Auflage 2013
ISBN: 978-1-4832-7448-5
Verlag: Elsevier Science & Techn.
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, 512 Seiten, Web PDF

Surface Chemistry Theory and Applications focuses on liquid-gas, liquid-liquid, solid-gas, solid-liquid, and solid-solid surfaces. The book first offers information on liquid-gas surfaces, including surface tension, measurement of surface tension, rate of capillarity rise, capillary attraction, bubble pressure and pore size, and surface tension and temperature. The text then ponders on liquid-liquid and solid-gas surfaces. Discussions focus on surface energy of solids, surface roughness and cleanness, adsorption of gases and vapors, adsorption hysteresis, interfacial tension, and interfacial tension in multicomponent systems. The manuscript takes a look at solid-liquid surfaces, as well as stagnant layers at solid-liquid interfaces, heat transfer, surface roughness or electrodes, adsorption of liquids heat of wetting, and thin metal films condensed from vapor. The text also examines solid-liquid-gas and solid-liquid-liquid surfaces and electric surface phenomena. The book is a vital source of information for readers interested in surface chemistry.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Bikerman, J. J.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Front Cover;1
2;Surface Chemistry: Theory and Applications;4
3;Copyright Page;5
4;Table of Contents;8
5;Preface;6
6;Chapter I. Liquid-Gas;12
6.1;Surface Tension;12
6.2;Measurement of Surface Tension;15
6.3;Rate of Capillary Rise;34
6.4;Capillary Attraction;45
6.5;Drop Size. Spraying;50
6.6;Bubble Size;55
6.7;Bubbling Pressure and Pore Size;58
6.8;Surface Tension Values;59
6.9;Surface Tension and Temperature Surface Tension and Other Properties;63
6.10;Surface Tension and Chemical Composition;68
6.11;Thermodynamics of Surface Tension Surface Tension and Vapor Pressure;71
6.12;Electric, Magnetic, and Light Effects on Surface Tension;74
6.13;Surface Tension of Solutions;75
6.14;Surface Tension of Ternary Mixtures;87
6.15;Unimolecular Films or Monolayers;89
6.16;Retardation of Evaporation by Unimolecular Films;94
6.17;Surface Viscosity;95
6.18;Drops Floating Above a Surface;97
6.19;Movements in a Liquid Surface;100
6.20;Gibbs Adsorption Equation Chemical Equilibrium at Interfaces;101
6.21;The Structure of Surfaces;105
6.22;Foam Films and Foam Bubbles;109
6.23;Foam, Froth, Lather;111
6.24;Utilization of Foam;118
6.25;Foam Prevention;124
6.26;Liquid Aerosols, Mist, Fog;127
6.27;Utilization of Mists;134
6.28;Dissipation of Fogs;135
6.29;References;139
7;Chapter II. Liquid-Liquid;147
7.1;Interfacial Tension;147
7.2;Values of Interfacial Tension;147
7.3;Interfacial Tension in Multicomponent Systems;152
7.4;Liquid Lenses and Spreading of Liquids over Liquids;157
7.5;Films at Interfaces;164
7.6;Emulsions;166
7.7;Preparation of Emulsions;169
7.8;Stability of Emulsions;174
7.9;Inversion of Emulsions;177
7.10;Utilization of Emulsions;179
7.11;Breaking of Emulsions;182
7.12;References;184
8;Chapter III. Solid-Gas;188
8.1;Surface Energy of Solids;188
8.2;Surface Cleanness;190
8.3;Surface Roughness;192
8.4;Methods for Determining Surface Roughness;194
8.5;Data on Surface Roughness;204
8.6;Heterogeneity and Anisotropy of Solid Surfaces;206
8.7;Adsorption of Gases and Vapors;208
8.8;The Adsorption Isotherm;211
8.9;The Adsorption Isobar;218
8.10;The Adsorption Isostere;220
8.11;Adsorption Hysteresis;220
8.12;The Heat of Adsorption;223
8.13;The Nature of the Adsorbent;226
8.14;The Surface Area of the Adsorbent;231
8.15;Adsorption of Gas Mixtures;236
8.16;The Rate of Adsorption;239
8.17;Migration in the Adsorption Layer;246
8.18;Utilization of the Adsorption of Gases and Vapors;249
8.19;Corrosion by Gases;251
8.20;Dust and Smoke;256
8.21;Determination of Particle Size;260
8.22;Utilization and Precipitation of Dust and Smoke;262
8.23;References;268
9;Chapter IV. Solid-Liquid;274
9.1;Interfacial Energy;274
9.2;Stagnant Layers at Solid-Liquid Interfaces;276
9.3;Heat Transfer;280
9.4;Heterogeneity and Anisotropy of Solid Surfaces;282
9.5;Surface Roughness of Electrodes;290
9.6;Thin Metal Films Condensed from Vapor;292
9.7;Adsorption of Liquids. Heat of Wetting;295
9.8;Adsorption from Solutions;298
9.9;The Isotherm of Apparent Adsorption;300
9.10;The Temperature Coefficient of Adsorption;305
9.11;The Nature of the Adsorbent;306
9.12;The Rate of Adsorption;310
9.13;Adsorption on Crystal Faces;316
9.14;The Absolute Magnitude of Adsorption. The Surface Area of Adsorbent;320
9.15;The Importance of Adsorption;328
9.16;Utilization of Adsorption for Removing Unwanted Constituents;331
9.17;Utilization of Adsorption for Recovering Valuable Constituents;333
9.18;Corrosion by Liquids;336
9.19;Suspensions;339
9.20;References;346
10;Chapter V. Solid-Liquid-Gas. Solid-Liquid-Liquid;351
10.1;The Contact Angle;351
10.2;Reproducibility of Contact Angle Values;356
10.3;The Hysteresis of the Contact Angle;359
10.4;Contact Angles and Surface Roughness;363
10.5;Numerical Values for Contact Angles;365
10.6;Contact Angles in Solid-Liquid-Liquid Systems;368
10.7;Imbibition and Wetting;370
10.8;Importance and Utilization of Wetting;373
10.9;Solid Particles in Liquid Surfaces;382
10.10;Comminution and Surface Energy;389
10.11;Adhesion;393
10.12;Friction and Lubrication;399
10.13;References;406
11;Chapter VI. Electric Surface Phenomena;410
11.1;Static Electricity;410
11.2;Conductance of Solid-Gas Interfaces;411
11.3;Prevention of Static Electricity;414
11.4;Balloelectricity;414
11.5;Electrokinetic Phenomena;416
11.6;Electrokinetic Measurements;417
11.7;The Theory of Electrokinetic Phenomena;423
11.8;Surface Conductance. Electroviscous Effect;429
11.9;Effect of the Composition of the Liquid Phase on Electrokinetic Phenomena;430
11.10;Effect of the Solid on Electrokinetic Phenomena;436
11.11;The Electric Double Layer;439
11.12;Mutual Repulsion of Electric Double Layers;444
11.13;Utilization of Electrokinetic Phenomena;444
11.14;Electrodialysis;448
11.15;Electrocapillarity;452
11.16;The Capacity of the Double Layer;461
11.17;Secondary Electrocapillary Effects;463
12;References;471
13;Author Index;475
14;Subject Index;491