Barat Laser Safety Management

Erscheinungsjahr 2006
ISBN: 978-1-4200-1554-6
Verlag: Taylor & Francis
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: Adobe DRM (»Systemvoraussetzungen)

E-Book, Englisch, 296 Seiten

Reihe: Optical Science and Engineering

An effective laser safety program can mean big savings in time, money, effort, and most importantly, human well-being. It can improve the quality of your research program, your organization's reputation, and ultimately, improve your bottom line. Based on the extensive experience of active Laser Safety Officer Kenneth Barat, Laser Safety Management provides practical tools for successfully implementing a laser safety program in any environment.

The book defines the three elements of laser safety: users, the laser safety officer, and incidental personnel. It covers the types of laser injuries, standard operating procedures to ensure safety, tips and tools to avoid pitfalls, training, control measures, and personal protection equipment. The author explores the laser safety officer position and delineates the required elements of effective SOPs. He also discusses non-beam hazards, includes practical control examples and sample forms, and covers U.S. and European regulations and standards.

Taking a pedagogical approach, the book covers not only how to avoid accidents, but how to investigate them if they do occur. It includes a sample safety program designed to evaluate your current safety plan and act as a roadmap for where you need to be and how to get there. Filled with common sense solutions for laser safety issues, the book makes setting up a safety program practically painless.

Zielgruppe

Safety officers, top management, supervisors, technicians, engineers, and researchers dealing with lasers in manufacturing, industrial, and research settings; corporate safety officers and workforce safety personnel; students and researchers performing experiments with lasers; personnel in training courses and oversight of laser safety programs

Autoren/Hrsg.

Barat, Ken

Fachgebiete

• Technische Wissenschaften Sonstige Technologien | Angewandte Technik Lasertechnologie, Holographie

Inhaltsverzeichnis

OVERVIEW
Traditional Laser Safety
Life Cycle

Additional Life Cycle Elements
Classification

Responsibilities
Probabilistic Risk Assessment

BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS: WHY WE CARE ABOUT LASER EXPOSURE
Introduction
The Eye
Signs of Eye Exposure

Damage Mechanisms

Laser Radiation Effects on Skin

Tissue Optics

THE LASER SAFETY OFFICER: THE KEY TO LASER SAFETY
The effective LSO Gets Out and Walks Laser Use Space

Laser Safety Committee
Inventory
Training
Signs

Warning Lights
Audits

STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURES: A BINDING SAFETY CONTRACT
Introduction
SOP Flow

Sample Format

Follow-Up to the SOP
Laser Control Boilerplates

Sample Laser SOP1
Laser and Laser System SOP Guidelines

PRACTICAL TOOLS FOR LASER SAFETY AND TRAPS TO AVOID

Introduction
The Laser Safety "Tool Box" Wish List

Transition Zone Between the LSO and Laser System Users
Laser Safety Traps

THE LASER-SAFETY MANAGEMENT PROGRAM
Introduction
Benefits of the Laser-Safety Management Program

File Structure

Institutional Binder Sections

Institutional Binders

Sample Forms

LASER SAFETY TRAINING
User Training
Awareness Training
On-the-Job Safety Training
Exploring Training Options

New Training Suggestion: A Laser Lessons Learned Class
Refresher Training
Laser Quizzes

The Training Matrix
Laser Pointer Awareness

PERSONNEL PROTECTION EQUIPMENT
Introduction
Full Attenuation
Visual Light Transmission

Comfort and Fit

Damage Threshold Considerations

Prescriptions

Sensor Card Use
Weight
Labeling

Ultrafast Lasers
Additional Considerations
Partial Attenuation (Alignment Eyewear)

Additional PPE

LASER ACCIDENTS
Introduction
Alignment Activities

Failure to Wear Protective Eyewear
Electrical Hazards Overlooked

Additional Hazards and Solutions

Improper Restoration of Lasers after Servicing

Lack of Planning

Wearing the Wrong Eyewear and Improper Fit
Fatigue and Stress

Workplace Culture

To Whom Are These Accidents Happening?
The Perceived Incident
Accident Investigation
Written Report: Not Finished Until the Paperwork Is Done

Why Should Recommendations Be Made?

What Should Be Done if the Investigation Reveals Human Error?

Not Every Laser Accident Involves an Eye or Skin Injury

Typical Laser Pointer Incidents

Guidance for Laser Pointer Use
Examples of Laser Accidents
Laser Accident Action Plan

Medical Facility
Can Laser Accidents Be Prevented?

AN EXPLANATION OF CONTROL MEASURES
Administrative Controls

For the Institution
Research Lab Administrative Controls
Engineering Controls
Engineering Control Measures

U.S. AND EUROPEAN REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
Introduction
User Regulations

State Regulations

User Standards
Manufacturer Regulations

British Regulations and Standards

LASER SAFETY CALCULATIONS
Introduction
Converting between Irradiance and Radiant Exposure
Optical Density
Choosing Exposure Duration Times

NONBEAM HAZARDS
Introduction
Electrical Hazards
Physical Hazards

Chemical Hazards
Fire Hazards

Ergonomics and Human Factors
Seismic Safety

Area Illumination

Mechanical Hazards

Supplemental Electrical Safety Section

PRACTICAL CONTROL MEASURES
Web Resources

LASER BASICS
Introduction
What is a Laser?
Laser Theory and Operation

Components of a Laser

Types of Lasers

Glossary

Index