Aris Elementary Chemical Reactor Analysis

Butterworths Series in Chemical Engineering
1. Auflage 2013
ISBN: 978-1-4831-3580-9
Verlag: Elsevier Science & Techn.
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, 366 Seiten, Web PDF

Elementary Chemical Reactor Analysis focuses on the processes, reactions, methodologies, and approaches involved in chemical reactor analysis, including stoichiometry, adiabatic reactors, external mass transfer, and thermochemistry. The publication first takes a look at stoichiometry and thermochemistry and chemical equilibrium. Topics include heat of formation and reaction, measurement of quantity and its change by reaction, concentration changes with a single reaction, rate of generation of heat by reaction, and equilibrium of simultaneous and heterogeneous reactions. The manuscript then offers information on reaction rates and the progress of reaction in time. Discussions focus on systems of first order reactions, concurrent reactions of low order, general irreversible reaction, variation of reaction rate with extent and temperature, and heterogeneous reaction rate expressions. The book examines the interaction of chemical and physical rate processes, continuous flow stirred tank reactor, and adiabatic reactors. Concerns include multistage adiabatic reactors, adiabatic stirred tank, stability and control of the steady state, mixing in the reactor, effective reaction rate expressions, and external mass transfer. The publication is a dependable reference for readers interested in chemical reactor analysis.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Aris, Rutherford

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Front Cover;1
2;Elementary Chemical Reactor Analysis;4
3;Copyright Page;5
4;Table of Contents;10
5;Preface;8
6;Illustrative Examples Used in the Text and Exercises;13
7;Chapter 1. What is Chemical Reactor Analysis?;16
7.1;1.1 A General Look at the Subject;16
7.2;1.2 A Note on Presentation, Problems, and Prerequisites;20
7.3;REFERENCES;20
8;Chapter 2. Stoichiometry;23
8.1;2.1 What It Is and Why We Need It;23
8.2;2.2 Entire Reactions and Reaction Mechanisms;24
8.3;2.3 Independence of Reactions;26
8.4;2.4 Measurement of Quantity and Its Change by Reaction;30
8.5;2.5 Measures of Concentration;34
8.6;2.6 Concentration Changes with a Single Reaction;36
8.7;2.7 Concentration Changes with Several Reactions;38
8.8;2.8 Rate of Reaction;40
8.9;NOTATION;42
9;Chapter 3. Thermochemistry and Chemical Equilibrium;44
9.1;3.1 Introduction;44
9.2;3.2 Heat of Formation;45
9.3;3.3 Heat of Reaction;46
9.4;3.4 Variation of the Heat of Reaction;50
9.5;3.5 Rate of Generation of Heat by Reaction;51
9.6;3.6 Chemical Equilibrium;52
9.7;3.7 The Calculation of Homogeneous Equilibrium Compositions;55
9.8;3.8 Equilibrium of Simultaneous and Heterogeneous Reactions;62
9.9;REFERENCES;66
10;Chapter 4. Reaction Rates;68
10.1;4.1 What Is Needed and What Can Be Obtained;68
10.2;4.2 Homogeneous Reaction Rates;69
10.3;4.3 Variation of Reaction Rate with Extent and Temperature;77
10.4;4.4 A Portrait of the Second Order Reversible Reaction;84
10.5;4.5 Reaction Rates near Equilibrium;87
10.6;4.6 Reaction Mechanisms;89
10.7;4.7 Heterogeneous Reaction Rate Expressions;92
10.8;4.8 Reaction Rates in Other Concentration Measures;93
10.9;4.9 Classification and Orders of Magnitude of Reaction Rates;94
10.10;REFERENCES;97
11;Chapter 5. The Progress of the Reaction in Time;99
11.1;5.1 Introduction;99
11.2;5.2 The First Order Reaction;103
11.3;5.3 The General Irreversible Reaction;107
11.4;5.4 The General Homogeneous Reaction;109
11.5;5.5 Concurrent Reactions of Low Order;113
11.6;5.6 Consecutive First Order Reactions;115
11.7;5.7 Systems of First Order Reactions;119
11.8;5.8 Numerical Methods;122
11.9;REFERENCES;126
12;Chapter 6. The Interaction of Chemical and Physical Rate Processes;128
12.1;6.1 Effective Reaction Rate Expressions;129
12.2;6.2 The Concept of the Rate Determining Step;133
12.3;6.3 External Mass Transfer;142
12.4;6.4 Diffusion Within the Catalyst Pellet;143
12.5;6.5 The Combination of External MassTransfer and Internal Diffusion;155
12.6;6.6 The Effect of Temperature Variations;156
12.7;6.7 Applications;162
12.8;REFERENCES;165
13;Chapter 7. The Continuous Flow Stirred Tank Reactor;171
13.1;7.1 The Basic Mass Balances;173
13.2;7.2 The Energy Balance;181
13.3;7.3 The Design of a Single Reactor;183
13.4;7.4 Some Considerations in Detailed Design;196
13.5;7.5 Stability of the Steady State;203
13.6;7.6 Control of the Steady State;213
13.7;7.7 Sequences of Stirred Tank Reactors;216
13.8;7.8 Optimal Sequences of Stirred Tank Reactors;223
13.9;7.9 Mixing in the Reactor;230
13.10;REFERENCES;238
14;Chapter 8. Adiabatic Reactors;244
14.1;8.1 General Principles;244
14.2;8.2 The Adiabatic Stirred Tank;245
14.3;8.3 Sequences of Adiabatic Stirred Tanks;249
14.4;8.4 The Adiabatic Tubular or Batch Reactor;253
14.5;8.5 Multistage Adiabatic Reactors;259
14.6;8.6 Combined Types of Adiabatic Reactor;264
14.7;8.7 Stability of Adiabatic Reactors;267
14.8;REFERENCES;270
15;Chapter 9. The Tubular Reactor;274
15.1;9.1 Types of Tubular Reactor;274
15.2;9.2 The Mass Balance;277
15.3;9.3 The Pressure Drop Through the Reactor;283
15.4;9.4 The Energy Balance;284
15.5;9.5 The Basic Design Problems;286
15.6;9.6 Optimal Designs for Tubular Reactors;290
15.7;9.7 Tubular Reactors Cooled or Heated from the Wall;298
15.8;9.8 Sensitivity and Stability;316
15.9;9.9 The Effect of Flow Profile;321
15.10;9.10 Axial Dispersion in Tubular Reactors;324
15.11;REFERENCES;329
16;Chapter 10. The Batch Reactor;337
16.1;10.1 The Equations for the Batch Reactor;338
16.2;10.2 Intermittent Operation;342
16.3;10.3 Optimal Control;345
16.4;REFERENCES;349
17;Appendix: Some Less Well-known Functions of Use in Reactor Analysis;352
18;Index;360