Advances in Agronomy

1. Auflage 2004
ISBN: 978-0-08-052430-6
Verlag: Elsevier Science & Techn.
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, 652 Seiten, Web PDF

Advances in Agronomy continues to be recognized as a leading reference and a first-rate source of the latest research in agronomy. Major reviews deal with the current topics of interest to agronomists, as well as crop and soil scientists. As always, the subjects covered are varied and exemplary of the myriad subject matter dealt with by this long-running serial. Editor Donald Sparks, former president of the Soil Science Society of America and current president of the International Union of Soil Science, is the S. Hallock du Pont Chair of Plant and Soil Sciences at The University of Delaware.
Volume 82 contains eight state-of-the-art reviews on topics of interest in the plant and soil sciences. Three of the reviews present cutting-edge molecular scale techniques and approaches that directly impact food production, crop improvement, and environmental quality and sustainability.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Cover;1
2;Copyright Page;5
3;Contents;6
4;Contributors;14
5;Preface;16
6;Chapter 1. Forces Between Minerals and Biological Surfaces in Aqueous Solution;18
6.1;I. Introduction „ Forces in Nature;19
6.2;II. Fundamental Forces at the Interface of Biological Particles and Inorganic Surfaces;21
6.3;III. Force Curve Theory and Collecting Force Data;28
6.4;IV. Forces at the Biomolecule–Mineral Interface;44
6.5;V. Forces at the Bacterium–Mineral Interface;52
6.6;VI. Future Work;61
6.7;Acknowledgments;62
6.8;References;63
7;Chapter 2. Rice Functional Genomics: Large-Scale Gene Discovery and Application to Crop Improvement;72
7.1;I. Introduction;73
7.2;II. Rice as a Model Genetic System;76
7.3;III. Rice Genome;81
7.4;IV. Key Ingredients for Gene Discovery in Rice;86
7.5;V. Forward and Reverse Genetics;90
7.6;VI. Functional Validation of Rice Genes;106
7.7;VII. Applications to Crop Improvement;112
7.8;VIII. International Collaboration and the Role;115
7.9;IX. Concluding Remarks;117
7.10;Acknowledgments;118
7.11;References;119
8;Chapter 3. The Nature,Properties and Managment of Volcanic Soils;130
8.1;I. Introduction;131
8.2;II. Volcanic Soil Distribution;133
8.3;III. Soil Genesis in Volcanic Materials;135
8.4;IV. Soil Classification;140
8.5;V. Chemical Weathering;144
8.6;VI. Mineralogical Characteristics;151
8.7;VII. Selected Chemical Characteristics of Volcanic Soils;162
8.8;VIII. Productivity and Management of Volcanic Soils;167
8.9;References;184
9;Chapter 4. Microarray Technology and Applications in Environmental Microbiology;200
9.1;I. Introduction;201
9.2;II. Microarray Types and Advantages;204
9.3;III. Microarray Fabrication;207
9.4;IV. Microarray Hybridization and Detection;222
9.5;V. Microarray Image Processing;231
9.6;VI. Microarray Data Analysis;236
9.7;VII. Using Microarrays to Monitor Genomic Expression;248
9.8;VIII. Application of Microarrays to Environmental Studies;259
9.9;IX. Concluding Remarks;275
9.10;References;276
10;Chapter 5. The Agronomy and Economy of Black Pepper (Piper nigrum L.)„The "King of Spice";288
10.1;I. Introduction;290
10.2;II. The Pepper Plant „ Its Botany and Chemistry;296
10.3;III. Pepper Agronomy;305
10.4;IV. The Role of The Nutrient Buffer Power ConceptŽ in Pepper Nutrition;313
10.5;V. Establishing a Pepper Plantation;323
10.6;VI. Pepper Pests and Their Control;328
10.7;VII. The Processing of Black Pepper On-Farm;339
10.8;VIII. An Account of Indonesian Pepper Processing;345
10.9;IX. Industrial Processing of Black Pepper;347
10.10;X. The Future of the Global Pepper Economy;356
10.11;XI. Pepper Economy in India;364
10.12;XII. Pepper Pharmacopoeia;372
10.13;XIII. Consumer Products Out of Black Pepper;382
10.14;XIV. Value Addition in Pepper;382
10.15;XV. Conclusions and a Peep Into Pepper’s Future;386
10.16;Acknowledgment;389
10.17;References;390
11;Chapter 6. Soil Mineral-Organic Matter-Microorganism Interactions: Fundamentals and Impacts;408
11.1;I. Introduction;410
11.2;II. Mechanisms of Binding of Nonhumic Organics and Humic Substances by Soil Mineral Colloids;411
11.3;III. Influence of Organic Substances on the Formation, Transformation, and Surface Properties of Metal Oxides;417
11.4;IV. Role of Soil Minerals in Abiotic Catalysis of the Formation of Humic Substances;423
11.5;V. Interactions of Soil Mineral Colloids with Microorganisms;427
11.6;VI. Interactions of Soil Colloids with Enzymes;432
11.7;VII. Microbial Mediation of Soil Mineral Weathering and Transformation;435
11.8;VIII. Interactions of Soil Mineral Colloids with Organic Substances and Microorganisms in Relation to Soil Structure Stability;438
11.9;IX. Influence of Mineral Colloids on Biogeochemical Cycling of C, N, P, and S in Soil;443
11.10;X. Effects of Interactions between Microorganisms and Soil Colloids on the Transformation of Organic Pollutants;448
11.11;XI. Impact of Interactions of Physicochemical, Biochemical, and Biological Processes on Metal Transformation;457
11.12;XII. Foreseeable Impacts of Soil Mineral–Organic Matter–Microorganism Interactions on the Ecosystem;464
11.13;XIII. Summary and Conclusions;476
11.14;Acknowledgment;476
11.15;References;477
12;Chapter 7. Low External Input Technologies for Livelihood Improvement in Substances Agriculture;490
12.1;I. Introduction;490
12.2;II. The Technologies;493
12.3;III. Generic Issues;521
12.4;IV. Discussion;543
12.5;V. Concluding Remarks;556
12.6;Acknowledgments;558
12.7;References;558
13;Chapter 8. Ammonia Emission from Mineral Fertilizers and Fertilized Crops;574
13.1;I. Introduction;575
13.2;II. Mineral Fertilizer Consumption;577
13.3;III. Ammonia Volatilization from Mineral Fertilizers;578
13.4;IV. Ammonia Emission from Crop Foliage;598
13.5;V. Management Strategies;603
13.6;VI. Measurement Techniques;615
13.7;VII. Conclusions and Perspectives;624
13.8;Appendix;626
13.9;Acknowledgment;628
13.10;References;628
14;Index;640