Buch, Englisch, 592 Seiten, Format (B × H): 183 mm x 251 mm, Gewicht: 1111 g
ISBN: 978-1-119-52551-6
Verlag: Wiley
5G Physical Layer Technologies
Written in a clear and concise manner, this book presents readers with an in-depth discussion of the 5G technologies that will help move society beyond its current capabilities. It perfectly illustrates how the technology itself will benefit both individual consumers and industry as the world heads towards a more connected state of being. Every technological application presented is modeled in a schematic diagram and is considered in depth through mathematical analysis and performance assessment. Furthermore, published simulation data and measurements are checked.
Each chapter of 5G Physical Layer Technologies contains texts, mathematical analysis, and applications supported by figures, graphs, data tables, appendices, and a list of up to date references, along with an executive summary of the key issues. Topics covered include: the evolution of wireless communications; full duplex communications and full dimension MIMO technologies; network virtualization and wireless energy harvesting; Internet of Things and smart cities; and millimeter wave massive MIMO technology. Additional chapters look at millimeter wave propagation losses caused by atmospheric gases, rain, snow, building materials and vegetation; wireless channel modeling and array mutual coupling; massive array configurations and 3D channel modeling; massive MIMO channel estimation schemes and channel reciprocity; 3D beamforming technologies; and linear precoding strategies for multiuser massive MIMO systems. Other features include:
- In depth coverage of a hot topic soon to become the backbone of IoT connecting devices, machines, and vehicles
- Addresses the need for green communications for the 21st century
- Provides a comprehensive support for the advanced mathematics exploited in the book by including appendices and worked examples
- Contributions from the EU research programmes, the International telecommunications companies, and the International standards institutions (ITU; 3GPP; ETSI) are covered in depth
- Includes numerous tables and illustrations to aid the reader
- Fills the gap in the current literature where technologies are not explained in depth or omitted altogether
5G Physical Layer Technologies is an essential resource for undergraduate and postgraduate courses on wireless communications and technology. It is also an excellent source of information for design engineers, research and development engineers, the private-public research community, university research academics, undergraduate and postgraduate students, technical managers, service providers, and all professionals involved in the communications and technology industry.
Autoren/Hrsg.
Fachgebiete
Weitere Infos & Material
Preface xvii
Acknowledgements xix
List of Mathematical Notation xxi
List of Wireless Network Symbols xxiii
List of Abbreviations xxv
Structure of the Book xxix
1 Introduction 1
1.1 Motivations 1
1.2 Overview of Contemporary Cellular Wireless Networks 4
1.3 Evolution of Wireless Communications in 3GPP Releases 7
1.3.1 3GPP Release 8 7
1.3.2 3GPP Release 9 8
1.3.3 3GPP Release 10 8
1.3.4 3GPP Release 11 8
1.3.5 3GPP Release 12 9
1.3.6 3GPP Release 13 9
1.3.7 3GPP Release 14 9
1.3.8 3GPP Release 15 (5G phase 1) 10
1.3.9 3GPP Release 16 (5G phase 2) 10
1.4 Multiuser Wireless Network Capacity Regions 10
1.4.1 The Capacity Region for Multiuser Channel 12
1.4.2 Analysis of Degraded BC with Superposition Coding 12
1.4.3 The Capacity Region for Multiuser MIMO Channel 14
1.4.4 The MIMO MAC Capacity Region 14
1.4.5 The MIMO BC Capacity Region 17
1.5 Fading Wireless Channels 19
1.6 Multicell MIMO Channels 20
1.7 Green Wireless Communications for the Twenty-First Century 20
1.7.1 Network Power Consumption Model 22
1.7.2 Antenna Interface Losses 22
1.7.3 Power Amplifier (PA) 22
1.8 BS Power Model 25
1.8.1 Small-Signal RF Transceiver 25
1.8.2 Baseband (BB) Unit 25
1.8.3 Power Supply and Cooling 25
1.8.4 BS Power Consumption at Variable Load 26
1.9 Green Cellular Networks 28
1.10 Green Heterogeneous Networks 30
1.11 Summary 31
1.A Tutorials on Theory and Techniques of Optimization Mathematics: Basics 33
1.A.1 Optimization of Unconstrained Function with a Single Variable 33
1.A.2 Optimization of Unconstrained Function with Multiple Variables 34
1.A.3 The Hessian Matrix 35
1.B Theory of Optimization Mathematics 36
1.B.1 Constrained Optimization 37
1.B.2 Bordered Hessian Matrix HB 37
1.C Karush–Kuhn–Tucker (KKT) Conditions 39
References 41
2 5G Enabling Technologies: Small Cells, Full-Duplex Communications, and Full-Dimension MIMO Technologies 43
2.1 Introduction 43
2.2 The Rationale for 5G Enabling Technologies 45
2.3 Network Densification 46
2.4 Cloud-Based Radio Access Network (C-RAN) 49
2.4.1 Resource Management Between Macrocells and Small Cells 51
2.4.2 BBU-RRH Switching Schemes 53
2.4.3 Mobile Small Cells 54
2.4.4 Automatic Self-Organising Network (SON) 56
2.5 Cache-Enabled Small-Cell Networks (CE-SCNs) 57
2.5.1 File Delivery Performance Analysis of CE-SCN 58
2.5.2 Outage Probability and Average File Delivery Rate in CE-SC System 59
2.6 Full-Duplex (FD) Communications 61
2.6.1 Analysis of FD Communication 63
2.6.2 FD Transmission Between Two Nodes 64
2.6.3 Principles of Self-Interference 65
2.6.4 Theoretical Example Analysis of Antenna Cancellation 67
2.6.5 Infrastructure for FD Transmission 68
2.6.6 Full-Duplex MAC (FD-MAC) Protocol 71
2.7 Review of Reference Signals, Antenna Ports, and Channels 74
2.7.1 DL and UL Physical Channels 75
2.7.2 DL Reference Signals and Antenna Ports 75
2.7.3 UL Reference Signals 76
2.7.3.1 UL Reference Signal Sequence Generation 76
2.7.3.2 Demodulation Reference Signal for PUSCH 77
2.7.3.3 Demodulation Reference Signal for PUCCH 78
2.7.3.4 Sounding Reference Signal SRS 78
2.7.3.5 Random-Access Channel Preambles 78
2.8 Full-Dimension MIMO Technology 79
2.8.1 Full-Dimension MIMO (FD-MIMO) Analysis 81
2.8.2 FD-MIMO System Design Issues 82
2.8.3 3GPP Development of 3D Model for FD-MIMO System 82
2.8.3.1 Antenna Array Elements Radiation Patterns 82
2.8.3.2 Antenna Configurations 83
2.8.3.3 FD-MIMO Development 84
2.8.4 Beamformed CSI-RS Transmission 85
2.8.5 CSI Feedback for FD-MIMO Systems 86
2.9 Summary 88
2.A Notes on Machine Learning Algorithms 89
2.A.1 The Algorithm 89
2.B Outage Probability in CE-SC Networks 91
2.B.1.1 Analysis of Term i: 91
2.C Signal Power at the Receive Antenna after Antenna Cancellation of Self-Interference 94
References 95
Further Reading 98
3 5G Enabling Technologies: Network Virtualization and Wireless Energy Harvesting 99
3.1 Introduction 99
3.2 Network Sharing and Virtualization of Wireless Resources 100
3.2.1 Earlier Network Sharing 100
3.2.2 Functional Description of Network Sharing Nodes 102
3.2.2.1 User Equipment (UE) Functions 102
3.2.2.2 Radio Network Controller (RNC) Functions 103
3.2.2.3 Evolved Node B (eNB) Functions 103
3.2.2.4 Base Station Controller (BSC) Functions 103
3.2.2.5 Mobile Switching Centre (MSC) Functions 103
3.2.2.6 Mobility Management Entity (MME) Functions 104
3.2.3 Single BS Shared by a Set of Operators 104
3.3 Evolved Resource Sharing 107
3.3.1 Principle of Cellular Network Evolved Resource Sharing 109
3.3.2 Single-Level Resource Allocation Among Operators 109
3.3.3 Opportunistic Sharing-Based Resource Allocation 112
3.4 Network Functions Virtualization (NFV) 113
3.4.1 Virtualized Network Functions 116
3.4.2 Principles of the Network Functions Virtualization Infrastructure (NFVI) 116
3.5 vRAN Supporting Fronthaul 117
3.5.1 Splitting the Architecture 118
3.5.1.1 Downlink (DL) 118
3.5.1.2 Uplink (UL) 118
3.6 Virtual Evolved Packet Core (vEPC) 119
3.7 Virtualized Switches 121
3.8 Auction in Resource Provision 121
3.9 Hierarchical Combinatorial Auction Models 122
3.10 Energy-Harvesting Techniques 125
3.10.1 Fundamentals of Wireless Energy Harvesting 126
3.10.2 Wireless Powered Communications 129
3.10.3 Full-Duplex Wireless-Powered Communication Network 131
3.10.4 Wireless Power Transfer in Cellular Networks 133
3.10.4.1 The Outage Constraint at BSs 134
3.10.4.2 The Power Outage Constraint at PBs 135
3.10.4.3 Hybrid Network Mobiles with Large Energy Storage 135
3.10.4.4 Hybrid Network Mobiles with Small Energy Storage 135
3.10.5 Harvested Energy Calculation 136
3.10.5.1 Energy Harvested from a FD BS (configuration 1) 136
3.10.5.2 Energy Harvested from PBs (configuration 2) 137
3.11 Integrated Energy and Spectrum Harvesting for 5G Communications 138
3.12 Energy and Spectrum Harvesting Cooperative Sensing Multiple Access Control (MAC) Protocol 140
3.13 Millimetre Wave (mmWave) Energy Harvesting 141
3.13.1 mmWave Network Model 141
3.13.2 mmWave Channel Model 142
3.13.3 Antenna Model 143
3.14 Analysis of mmWave Energy-Harvesting Technique 144
3.14.1 Connected User Case 145
3.15 Summary 145
References 146
Further Reading 148
4 5G Enabling Technologies: Narrowband Internet of Things and Smart Cities 151
4.1 Introduction to the Internet of Things (IoT) 151
4.2 IoT Architecture 152
4.2.1 Provisioning and Authentication 153
4.2.2 Configuration and Control 153
4.2.3 Monitoring and Diagnostics 153
4.2.4 Software Updates and Maintenance 154
4.3 Layered IoT Architecture 154
4.4 IoT Security Issues 155
4.5 Narrowband IoT 155
4.5.1 NB-IoT Modes of Operation 155
4.5.2 NB-IoT Transmission Options 156
4.5.2.1 DL Transmission Method 156
4.5.2.2 UL Transmission Method 156
4.6 DL Narrowband Physical Channels and Reference Signals 156
4.6.1 DL Physical Broadcast Channel (DPBCH) 156
4.6.2 Repetition Code SNR Gain Analysis 158
4.6.3 Narrowband Physical DL Shared Channel (NPDSCH) and Control Channel (NPDCCH) 159
4.6.4 Narrowband Reference Signal (NRS) 160
4.6.5 NB-IoT Primary Synchronization Signal (NPSS) 160
