A Comparative History of Catholic and As'arī Theologies of Truth and Salvation

Inclusive Minorities, Exclusive Majorities
Erscheinungsjahr 2021
ISBN: 978-90-04-46170-3
Verlag: Brill

Buch, Englisch, Band 66, 194 Seiten, Format (B × H): 149 mm x 231 mm, Gewicht: 298 g

Reihe: Currents of Encounter

In A Comparative History of Catholic and Aš‘ari Theologies of Truth and Salvation Mohammed Gamal Abdelnour analytically and critically compares the historical development of the Catholic theologies of truth and salvation with those of its Islamic counterpart, Aš'arism. The monograph moves the discussion from individual theologians to theological schools with a view to helping consolidate the young field of Comparative Theology. It serves two types of readers. First, the specialist who wants to dig deeper into the two traditions parallelly. Second, the generalist who may not have the time to become thoroughly familiar with every aspect of Christian-Muslim theologies. Both readers will come out with a holistic understanding of the development of Christian and Muslim theologies of truth and salvation; a holistic understanding that increases the appetite of the former and quenches that of the latter. Despite the holistic nature of the monograph, attention is duly paid to the specificities of each tradition in a deep and profound manner.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Abdelnour, Mohammed Gamal

Fachgebiete

• Geisteswissenschaften Religionswissenschaft Religionswissenschaft Allgemein Vergleichende Religionswissenschaft
• Sozialwissenschaften Soziologie | Soziale Arbeit Spezielle Soziologie Soziologie von Migranten und Minderheiten
• Geisteswissenschaften Religionswissenschaft Religionswissenschaft Allgemein Dialog & Beziehungen zwischen Religionen
• Sozialwissenschaften Ethnologie | Volkskunde Volkskunde Minderheiten, Interkulturelle & Multikulturelle Fragen

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Transliteration and Dating

Acknowledgements

Introduction

1 The Importance of the Subject

2 The State of the Field

2.1 Rifat Atay

2.2 Mohammad H. Khalil

2.3 Esra A. Dag

3 Critical Evaluation and Objectives of the Monograph

4 Methodology (from Theology of Religions to Comparative Theology)

5 Methodical Concerns

5.1 Important Qualifications and Limitations

5.2 Periodization and Structure

5.3 Overview of the Monograph

1 The Early Catholic Theology of Salvation

1 The Salvation Epistemology of the Early Church Fathers

1.1 St. Paul (d. c. 64/67)

1.2 The Inclusivist School

1.2.1 Justin Martyr (d. 165)

1.2.2 Irenaeus (d. c. 180/90)

1.2.3 Clement of Alexandria (d. c. 215)

1.2.4 Origen (d. c. 253)

1.3 The Exclusivist School

1.3.1 Ignatius (d. c. 117)

1.3.2 Tertullian (d. c. 240)

1.3.3 Cyprian (d. 258)

1.4 Augustine and the Consolidation of Exclusivism

2 Soteriology of the Early Church Fathers

2.1 The Apokatastasis

2.2 Christ’s Descent into Hell

2 Early Aš‘arite Theology of Salvation (Hadith-Based Theology)

1 Early Aš‘arite Epistemology of Intra-Muslim Salvation

2 Early Aš‘rite Intra-Muslim Soteriology

3 Early Aš‘arite Epistemology of Inter-Religious Salvation

4 Early Aš‘arite Inter-Religious Soteriology

5 Early Aš‘arites and the Question of Intercession

6 Conclusion and Comparison

3 St. Thomas Aquinas’ Theology of Salvation

1 Aquinas’ Epistemology of Salvation

2 Aquinas’ Soteriology

3 Thomistic Influence on Later Theologians

4 Abu Hamid al-Gazali’s Theology of Salvation (Sunnah-Based Theology)

1 Al-Gazali’s Theology of Intra-Muslim Salvation

2 Al-Gazali’s Theology of Inter-Religious Salvation

2.1 Al-Gazali and the Question of Intercession

2.2 Can Non-Muslims be Called Mu’minun “Believers”?

2.3 Good Deeds vs. Correct Faith

3 The Aš‘arite Theology of Salvation after al-Gazali

4 Conclusion and Comparison

5 Salvation in Modern Catholicism (Massignon, Rahner and Vatican II)

1 The Impact of Massignon’s Theology of Religions on Vatican II

1.1 Massignon the Person and Islam

1.2 Massignon the Scholar and Islam

1.3 Massignon and Vatican II

2 Karl Rahner and Anonymous Christians

2.1 Rahner’s Context and Theory

2.2 Is there an Islamic Parallel to Rahner’s Theory?

2.2.1 The Receptive Interpretation

2.2.2 The Proactive Interpretation

2.2.3 The Conflictive Interpretation

2.2.4 Critical Evaluation

6 Modern Aš‘arite Theology of Salvation (Al-Azhar and the Quran-Based Theology)

1 Muhammad ‘Abduh’s Theology of Salvation

1.1 ‘Abduh’s Theology of Intra-Muslim Salvation

1.2 ‘Abduh’s Theology of Inter-Religious Salvation

1.2.1 ‘Abduh and the Question of Intercession

1.2.2 Concluding Remarks

2 Sh. Mahmud Šaltut and the Question of Salvation

2.1 Šaltut’s Theology of Intra and Inter-religious Salvation

3 Sh. ‘Abd al-Halim Mahmud’s Theology of Salvation

3.1 Halim’s Theology of Muslim Denominations

3.2 Halim’s Theology of Religions

3.3 Comparisons and Conclusions

Conclusions and Recommendations

The Way Forward

Glossary of Key Terms

Citation Method and Abbreviated Arabic Titles

Bibliography

Arabic Sources

English Sources

Online Sources

Index

Über Autor(innen)

Mohammed Gamal Abdelnour, Ph.D. (2020), SOAS University of London, is a faculty member at Al-Azhar University (Cairo) and a postdoctoral researcher at SOAS. He has published several articles on Islamic theology and religion, including The Islamic Theology of Interfaith Marriages between Theology, Law and Individual Ijtihad (RSIS, June 2020).