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E-Book, Englisch, 496 Seiten, Web PDF

Zimbalist / Sherman Comparing Economic Systems


A Political-Economic Approach

E-Book, Englisch, 496 Seiten, Web PDF

ISBN: 978-1-4832-6093-8
Verlag: Elsevier Science & Techn.
Format: PDF
 Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

Comparing Economic Systems: A Political-Economic Approach presents a political-economic approach to the analysis and comparison of different types of economic systems. Full, integrated political-economic case studies of several representative countries, including Japan, Sweden, and France, are given. This book consists of six parts and begins with an overview of some definitions of the main kinds of political and economic systems; theoretical arguments from various points of view about how political and economic systems relate to each other; and the criteria for evaluating different political-economic systems. The next section considers three essentially market capitalist systems: Japan, Sweden, and France. The Soviet Union, a centrally planned, allegedly socialist economy, is examined next. More specifically, Soviet development from 1917 to 1928 and from 1928 to the present is discussed. Central planning in developing countries such as China and Cuba is also explored. Finally, the theory of market socialism is analyzed, citing the cases of Hungary and Yugoslavia. This monograph will be of value to politicians, economists, and economic policymakers.
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Autoren/Hrsg.

Zimbalist, Andrew
Sherman, Howard J.

Weitere Infos & Material

1;Front Cover;1
2;Comparing Economic Systems: A Political-Economic Approach;4
3;Copyright Page;5
4;Table of Contents;6
5;PREFACE;14
6;Part One: INTRODUCTION;16
6.1;CHAPTER 1. POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC SYSTEMS;18
6.1.1;Plan of the Book;18
6.1.2;The Political-Economic Approach;20
6.1.3;Socialism and Capitalism;21
6.1.4;Democracy and Dictatorship;28
6.1.5;Developed and Underdeveloped Economies;29
6.1.6;Hypotheses Concerning Politics and Economics;30
6.1.7;Comparing Economic Systems;38
6.1.8;Controversies among Comparative Economists;43
6.1.9;Recommended Readings;44
7;Part Two: MARKET ECONOMIES AND THE GOVERNMENT;46
7.1;CHAPTER 2. JAPAN BUSINESS AND GOVERNMENT COORDINATION;48
7.1.1;Background;49
7.1.2;Corporate Structure and Finance;51
7.1.3;Household Savings;56
7.1.4;Labor Market Institutions;58
7.1.5;Role of the State;67
7.1.6;Summary and Conclusion;74
7.1.7;Recommended Readings;76
7.2;CHAPTER 3. SWEDEN THE MIDDLE WAY;77
7.2.1;Background;78
7.2.2;Social Services and Benefits;81
7.2.3;The Cooperative Sector;84
7.2.4;Industrial Democracy;85
7.2.5;Labor Market Characteristics and Policies;89
7.2.6;Fiscal Policy;96
7.2.7;Monetary Policy;101
7.2.8;Supply Management;103
7.2.9;Capital Formation;105
7.2.10;Conclusion;106
7.2.11;Recommended Readings;107
7.3;CHAPTER 4. FRANCE INDICATIVE PLANNING;108
7.3.1;The Monnet Plan;111
7.3.2;Performance of the First Plan;113
7.3.3;Later Plans;114
7.3.4;Performance of Planned Goals;118
7.3.5;The Socialist Government of Mitterrand (1981—);121
7.3.6;Different Views of Planning and Management;123
7.3.7;Managing the Nationalized Firms;124
7.3.8;Macro Performance under the Mitterrand Government;126
7.3.9;Recommended Readings;129
8;Part Three: CENTRAL PLANNING: THE SOVIET CASE;130
8.1;CHAPTER 5. USSR DEVELOPMENT FROM 1917 TO 1928;140
8.1.1;Russia before 1917;140
8.1.2;Political Evolution, 1905-1917;143
8.1.3;War Communism;144
8.1.4;Political Evolution, 1917-1921;148
8.1.5;Socioeconomic Causes of Soviet Dictatorship;150
8.1.6;The New Economic Policy;153
8.1.7;Beginnings of NEP (1921-1923);154
8.1.8;The Scissors Crisis (1923-1924);156
8.1.9;The End of NEP (1924-1928);157
8.1.10;The Great Debate;164
8.1.11;The Stalinist Solution;168
8.1.12;Recommended Readings;172
8.2;CHAPTER 6. USSR DEVELOPMENT FROM 1928 TO THE PRESENT;173
8.2.1;Political History, 1928 to 1956;173
8.2.2;Political Development, 1956 to the Present;176
8.2.3;Soviet Ideology: Democracy and Dictatorship;177
8.2.4;The First Five-Year Plan (1928-1932);180
8.2.5;The Second Five-Year Plan (1933-1937);184
8.2.6;The Third Five-Year Plan (1938-1941);185
8.2.7;Growth in the 1930s;186
8.2.8;The Second World War (1941-1945);189
8.2.9;Reconstruction (1945-1950);189
8.2.10;Soviet Economic Growth, 1950 to the Present;191
8.2.11;The Political-Ethical Issues: Consumption vs. Investment;195
8.2.12;A Statistical Overview of Soviet and U.S. Growth since 1950;197
8.2.13;Why the Soviet Economy Has Grown Faster Than the U.S. Economy;199
8.2.14;The Decline of Soviet Growth Rates;200
8.2.15;The Slowdown in Soviet Growth;205
8.2.16;Appendix 6A: Problems with Soviet Statistics;209
8.2.17;Appendix 6B: Soviet vs. U.S. "Defense Spending";213
8.2.18;Recommended Readings;217
8.3;CHAPTER 7. USSR THE OPERATION OF CENTRAL PLANNING;219
8.3.1;Forms of Enterprise;222
8.3.2;The Ministry System;223
8.3.3;The Organization of the Planning Mechanism;225
8.3.4;The Price System;229
8.3.5;Appendix 7A: Soviet Planning for International Trade;235
8.3.6;Recommended Readings;239
8.4;CHAPTER 8. USSR PLANNING FOR BALANCE;241
8.4.1;Aggregate Balance;241
8.4.2;No General Unemployment;241
8.4.3;Causes of Inflation;242
8.4.4;The Lack of Balance and Its Cure;244
8.4.5;Problems of Coordination;247
8.4.6;Input-Output Method;249
8.4.7;Problems of the Soviet Balance Method;250
8.4.8;Limitations of Input-Output Method;253
8.4.9;Appendix 8A: The Input-Output Technique;255
8.4.10;Recommended Readings;261
8.5;CHAPTER 9. USSR PLANNING FOR EFFICIENCY;263
8.5.1;Need for Rational Prices;263
8.5.2;Optimal Conditions and Planning;264
8.5.3;Information and Computation Problems;266
8.5.4;Central and Decentralized Solutions;267
8.5.5;A Tentative Summary of Conclusions on Efficiency;268
8.5.6;The "Law of Value" in the Soviet Union;270
8.5.7;Prices and Efficiency;277
8.5.8;Summary of the Planning Debate;281
8.5.9;Choice of Technology;282
8.5.10;Decision Making, Democracy, and Efficiency;286
8.5.11;Appendix 9A: Linear Programming in the Soviet Context;288
8.5.12;An Example;291
8.5.13;Recommended Readings;293
8.6;CHAPTER 10. USSR CLASS STRUCTURE: RULERS, MANAGERS, WORKERS, AND FARMERS;295
8.6.1;The Soviet Ruling Class;295
8.6.2;Mobility;299
8.6.3;Soviet Income Distribution and Inequality;300
8.6.4;Stratification of the Soviet Working Class;301
8.6.5;Soviet Managers;304
8.6.6;Soviet Industrial Workers;307
8.6.7;Appendix 10A: Trade Unions;315
8.6.8;Soviet Trade Unions;315
8.6.9;Polish Trade Unions;318
8.6.10;U.S. Trade Unions;325
8.6.11;Recommended Readings;326
8.7;CHAPTER 11. USSR REFORM AND REGRESSION, AFTER 1965;328
8.7.1;Political Background of Reform;328
8.7.2;Economic Problems Leading to Reform;329
8.7.3;Problems of the Soviet Enterprise;330
8.7.4;The Liberman Debate;334
8.7.5;Official Reforms;337
8.7.6;What Happened to the Reforms?;338
8.7.7;Continuing Contradictions;342
8.7.8;Recommended Readings;344
9;Soviet Economic Institutions: Differences from the United States;131
10;Soviet Economic Institutions: Similarities to the United States;136
11;Plan of Part Three;138
12;Part Four: CENTRAL PLANNING: THE DEVELOPING COUNTRIES;346
12.1;CHAPTER 12. CHINA A CHANGING MODEL;348
12.1.1;Background;348
12.1.2;Economic Development and the Transformation of the Chinese Economy;352
12.1.3;The Cultural Revolution;360
12.1.4;The Post-Mao Reforms;367
12.1.5;Industrial Reform;368
12.1.6;Agricultural Reform;372
12.1.7;Reform Problems;376
12.1.8;Conclusion;377
12.1.9;Recommended Readings;379
12.2;CHAPTER 13. CUBA SOCIALISM NEXT DOOR;380
12.2.1;Background;382
12.2.2;Early Development Strategy;385
12.2.3;Planning in the 1960s;386
12.2.4;Economic Change, 1970–1975;389
12.2.5;Economic Change since 1975;395
12.2.6;Achievements of the Cuban Revolution;397
12.2.7;Soviet Economic Aid;400
12.2.8;Prospects;404
12.2.9;Conclusion;404
12.2.10;Recommended Readings;407
13;Part Five: MARKET SOCIALISM;408
13.1;CHAPTER 14. THE THEORY OF MARKET SOCIALISM;410
13.1.1;The Economics of Market Socialism;411
13.1.2;Alternative Market Socialist Models;416
13.1.3;Recommended Readings;417
13.2;CHAPTER 15. HUNGARY PLAN AND MARKET;418
13.2.1;Background;418
13.2.2;Early Economic Reform;421
13.2.3;The New Economic Mechanism;422
13.2.4;NEM: The Second Phase;432
13.2.5;Evaluation;436
13.2.6;Recommended Readings;438
13.3;CHAPTER 16. YUGOSLAVIA SELF-MANAGEMENT AND THE MARKET;439
13.3.1;Early Economic Policy: The Emergence of the Yugoslav Model;441
13.3.2;Economic Reforms of 1965;443
13.3.3;Income Distribution;447
13.3.4;The Economic Theory of Worker Management;449
13.3.5;Yugoslav Worker Management in Practice;453
13.3.6;The Reforms of the 1970s;455
13.3.7;Conclusion;458
13.3.8;Recommended Readings;459
14;Part Six: CONCLUSION;462
14.1;CHAPTER 17. COMPARING ECONOMIC SYSTEMS;464
14.1.1;General Remarks;464
14.1.2;Evaluating Performance;469
14.1.3;Final Remarks;483
14.1.4;APPENDIX 17A: A Controlled Comparison: East and West Germany;484
14.1.5;Per Capita Income and Growth;485
14.1.6;Efficiency;486
14.1.7;Stability;487
14.1.8;Income Distribution;487
14.1.9;Other Criteria;487
14.1.10;Recommended Readings;488
15;INDEX;490

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