Xanthos Functional Fillers for Plastics

2. aktualisierte und erweiterte Auflage 2010
ISBN: 978-3-527-62985-5
Verlag: Wiley-VCH
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: Adobe DRM (»Systemvoraussetzungen)

E-Book, Englisch, 507 Seiten, E-Book

Von international anerkannten Fachleuten aus Industrie und Forschung stammen die Beiträge zu dieser Monographie über Füllstoffe für Plastikmaterialien. Betrachtet werden Herstellung, Struktur, Eigenschaften und Einsatzgebiete der wichtigsten organischen und mineralischen Füllstoffe.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Xanthos, Marino

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Preface

PART ONE: Polymers and Fillers

 

POLYMERS AND POLYMER COMPOSITES

Thermoplastics and Thermosets

Processing of Thermoplastics and Thermosets

Polymer Composites

MODIFICATION OF POLYMER PROPERTIES WITH FUNCTIONAL FILLERS

Introduction

The Importance of the Interface

Modification of Mechanical Properties

Effects of Fillers on Processing Characteristics of Polymers

MIXING OF FILLERS WITH PLASTICS

Introduction

Pretreatment of Fillers

Feeding

Melting

Solids Introduction and Mixing

Venting

Pressure Generation

Process Examples

Further Information

 

PART TWO: Surface Modifiers and Coupling Agents

 

SILANE COUPLING AGENTS

Introduction

Production and Structures of Monomeric Silanes

Silane Chemistry

Types of Silanes

Silane Hydrolysis

Reactivity of Silanes Toward the Filler

Combining Silanes and Mineral Fillers

Insights into the Silylated Filler Surfaces

Selection of Silanes

Applications of Specific Silanes

Trends and Developments

TITANATE COUPLING AGENTS

Introduction

The Six Functions of the Titanate Molecule

Summary and Conclusions

FUNCTIONAL POLYMERS AND OTHER MODIFIERS

Introduction

General Types of Modifiers and Their Principal Effects

Modifiers by Chemical Type

 

PART THREE: Fillers and Their Functions

A - High Aspect Ratio Fillers

 

GLASS FIBERS

Background

Production Methods

Structure and Properties

Suppliers

Cost/Availability

Environmental/Toxicity Considerations

Applications

Environmental Impact

MIKA FLAKES

Background

Production Methods

Structure and Properties

Suppliers

Cost/Availability

Environmental/Toxicity Considerations

Applications

NANOCLAYS AND THEIR EMERGING MARKETS

Introduction

Production Methods

Structure and Properties

Suppliers

Cost/Availability

Environmental/Toxicity Considerations

Applications

CARBON NANOTUBES/NANOFIBERS AND CARBON FIBERS

Introduction

Materials

Polymer Matrix Composites

Cost/Availability

Environmental/Toxicity Considerations

Applications

 

B - Low Aspect Ratio Fillers

 

NATURAL FIBERS

Introduction

Structure and Production Methods

Properties

Suppliers

Cost/Availability

Environmental/Toxicity Considerations

Applications (Primary and Secondary Functions)

TALC

Production Methods

Structure and Properties

Suppliers

Cost/Availability

Environmental/Toxicity Considerations

Applications

KAOLIN

Introduction

Production Methods

Properties

Suppliers

Cost/Availability

Environmental/Toxicity Considerations

Applications

WOLLASTONITE

Introduction

Production

Structure and Properties

Suppliers/Cost

Environmental/Toxicity Considerations

Applications Involving the Plastics Compounding Industry

Summary

Future Considerations for Use of Wollastonite in Plastics

WOOD FLOUR

Introduction

Production Methods

Structure and Properties

Suppliers

Cost/Availability

Environmental/Toxicity Considerations

Applications (Primary and Secondary Functions)

CALCIUM CARBONATE

Background

Production Methods

Structure and Properties

Suppliers

Cost/Availability

Environmental, Toxicity, and Sustainability Considerations

Applications

 

C - Specialty Fillers

 

FIRE RETARDANTS

Introduction

Combustion of Polymers and the Combustion Cycle

Fuel

Smoke

Flammability of Polymers

Mechanisms of Fire-Retardant Action

Classification of Flame Retardants

Tools and Testing

Toxicity

Manufacturers of Fire Retardants

Concluding Remarks

CONDUCTIVE AND MAGNETIC FILLERS

Introduction

Carbon Black

Phenomena of Conductivity in Carbon Black-Filled Polymers

Distribution and Dispersion of Carbon Black in Polymers

Other Carbon-Based Conductive Fillers

Intrinsically Conductive Polymers (ICPs)

Metal Particle Composites

Magnetic Fillers

Concluding Remarks

Appendix: Measurement of Resistivity

SURFACE PROPERTY MODIFIERS

Introduction

Solid Lubricants/Tribological Additives

Antiblocking Fillers

PROCESSING AIDS

Introduction

Production

Structure/Properties

Suppliers/Manufacturers

Environmental/Toxicity Considerations

Applications

SPHERICAL FILLERS

Organic Spherical Fillers

Glass and Ceramic Spheres

BIOACTIVE FILLERS

Introduction

Bone as a Biocomposite

Synthetic Biomedical Composites and Thei

Über Autor(innen)

Marino Xanthos is Professor in the Department of Chemical, Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering at the NJ Institute of Technology (NJIT), Newark, New Jersey since 1995 and served from 1987 to 2005 as Director of Research of the Polymer Processing Institute (PPI), an independent non-profit research organization located at NJIT. He received his PhD and his MD degrees in Chemical Engineering from the University of Toronto and a BSc in Chemistry from the University of Thessaloniki, Greece. He has more than 30 years of academic and industrial experience in directing and conducting research on polymer composites, blends and foams, polymer modification and reactive polymer processing, and plastics-related environmental issues. He is editor/co-author of the books Functional Fillers for Plastics, Reactive Extrusion, and How to Manage Plastic Waste, author/co-author of more than 30 book chapters and 200 publications and holds nine US and Canadian Patents. He is also Executive Editor of the journal Advances in Polymer Technology since 1990, and a Fellow of the Society of Plastics Engineers (SPE).