Buch, Englisch, 320 Seiten, Format (B × H): 150 mm x 229 mm, Gewicht: 558 g
Buch, Englisch, 320 Seiten, Format (B × H): 150 mm x 229 mm, Gewicht: 558 g
ISBN: 978-0-89118-735-6
Verlag: Wiley
An authoritative exploration of soil health management and land-use strategies in the Iberian Peninsula
In Soil Health and Sustainability in Spain and Portugal, a team of distinguished researchers delivers an authoritative overview and soil health assessment of the Iberian Peninsula focusing on agrosystems and forests. The book explores the potential effects of different management and land-use strategies.
The Iberian Peninsula, a famously diverse area of land — in terms of climate, landscape, and soil — faces unique and varied limitations on agricultural production and soil conservation. This book addresses these limitations and provides a vision of how newly developed and traditional soil management techniques can induce changes in soil health.
Readers will also find: - Thorough comparisons of different approaches to soil health assessment in the Iberian Peninsula
- Comprehensive explorations of soil health evaluation in arid conditions and irrigated soils
- Practical discussions of the resilience of agrosystems developed to address climate change
- Treatments for forest and croplands soil health in Spain and Portugal
Perfect for soil and agricultural scientists, Soil Health and Sustainability in Spain and Portugal will also benefit anyone with an interest in sustainability issues in the Iberian Peninsula.
Fachgebiete
Weitere Infos & Material
Soil Health Insights From Spain and Portugal xiii
Preface xvii
1 Soil Health in the Iberian Peninsula 1
Iñigo Virto, Rodrigo Antón, Miguel Itarte, and Alberto Enrique
Chapter Overview 1
Introduction 1
General Geophysical Characteristics and Land Uses 4
Historical Assessment 13
Case Studies in This Book 17
Agricultural Soils 18
Forest Soils 22
Urban Soils 24
Acknowledgments 24
References 24
2 Soil Health Evaluation for Permanent Crops Under Semiarid Mediterranean Conditions: Principles, Processes, Practices, and Policy Options 29
María Almagro, Noelia Garcia- Franco, and María Martínez- Mena
Chapter Overview 29
Soil Relevance and Global Threats 30
Soil Health, Sustainable Soil Management, and Ecological Intensification to Combat Global Threats: Desertification, Climate Change, and Biodiversity Loss 32
Soil Health and Sustainable Soil Management: Concept Evolution and Research Progress 37
Lessons Learned from a Case Study 42
Scientific Knowledge Gaps, Research Needs, and Policy Recommendations 46
Acknowledgments 49
References 49
3 Soil Health and Agricultural Production of Diversified Crops in Southeastern Spain 61
Virginia Sánchez- Navarro, Jessica Cuartero, Onurcan Özbolat, Carolina Boix- Fayos, María Martínez- Mena, María Almagro, Elvira Díaz- Pereira, Margarita Ros, Jose A. Pascual, Juan A. Fernández, and Raúl Zornoza
Chapter Overview 61
Introduction 62
Material and Methods 65
Study Site and Experimental Design 65
Soil Sampling 69
Soil Physicochemical Analyses 70
Soil Structure 70
Water Retention 70
Nutrient Availability 70
Carbon Sequestration 70
DNA Extraction and Bioinformatics 71
Functional Genes 72
Crop Production 72
Statistical Analysis 74
Results 75
Soil Physicochemical and Biological Properties 75
Crop Production 84
Interrelationship Between Soil Properties and Crop Production 84
Discussion 86
Soil Fertility and Carbon Sequestration 86
Biological Properties 89
Crop Production 89
Conclusions 90
Acknowledgments 90
References 90
4 Urban Soil Health: A Case Study from Northwestern Spain 99
Remigio Paradelo Núñez
Chapter Overview 99
Introduction 100
Study Area 101
Results and Discussion 104
Soil Nutrients and pH 104
Soil Pollutants, Salts, and Excess Nutrients 105
Soil Structure 107
Soil Organic Carbon 107
Soil Biodiversity 108
Recommendations 108
Conclusion 109
References 110
5 Management Practices and Land Use to Enhance Soil Health of Highly Weathered Degraded Acid Soils in the Iberian Peninsula 115
Chiquinquirá Hontoria, Ignacio Mariscal- Sancho, Fernando Peregrina, and Rafael Espejo
Chapter Overview 115
Introduction 116
Soil Problems in the Rañas of the Southwestern Iberian Peninsula 116
Characteristics of the Study Area 118
Experimental Trials and Measurements 119
Experimental Trials 119
Measurements and Data Analysis 120
Effects of Land Use and Management on Chemical Properties 120
Effects of Land Use 120
Evaluation of Different Calcium Amendments 124
Effect of the Tillage System on the Calcium Amendment 125
Effects of Land Use and Management on Soil Organic Carbon 127
Effects of Land Use and Management on Physical Properties 132
Effect of Management on Crop and Water- Soil Relations 133
Management Effects on Crop Productivity 134
Effects of Management on Microbiological Properties 138
Effects of Management and Land Use on Enzyme Activity and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi 140
Impact on GHG Emissions 142
Conclusion 144
Acknowledgments 145
References 145
6 Can Irrigation Enhance Soil Health? Multi- Scale Analysis of Its Effects on Agricultural Soils in Navarre, Spain 153
Rodrigo Antón, Alberto Enrique, Isabel S. de Soto, Henar Urmeneta, Delphine Derrien, and Iñigo Virto
Chapter Overview 153
Introduction 154
Characterization of the Region of Navarre 157
Assessment of the Effect of Irrigation at the Experimental Field Scale 161
Approach and Methodology 161
Results and Discussion 162
Regional Assessment of the Effect of Irrigation on Soil Health in the Region of Navarre 166
Approach and Methodology 166
Results and Discussion 171
Conclusion 180
Acknowledgments 182
References 183
7 Applicability of Visual Assessment for Evaluating Soil Health in Managed Planted Forests in Northern Spain 191
Nahia Gartzia- Bengoetxea, Inazio Martínez de Arano, and Ander Arias- González
Chapter Overview 191
Introduction 192
Materials and Methods 194
Study Area and Experimental Plots 194
Visual Assessment of Soil Health 195
Relationship of Visual Categories with Physicochemical Characteristics of the Soil 197
Data Processing and Statistical Analysis 203
Results 204
Discussion 207
Conclusion 210
Acknowledgments 211
References 211
8 Soil Health After >25 Years of Sewage Sludge Application in Arable Crops in Northern Spain 217
Ana Simoes- Mota, Armelle Zaragüeta, Rodrigo Antón, Luis Orcaray, Alberto Enrique, Isabel S. de Soto, and Iñigo Virto
Chapter Overview 217
Introduction 218
Materials and Methods 221
Statistical Analysis 229
Results 230
Discussion 239
Effect of SS on Soil Indicators 239
General Soil Health Assessment 243
Conclusions 245
Acknowledgments 246
References 246
9 Soil Health in Forest and Agroforestry Systems in Portugal 257
Manuel Madeira, Fernando Raimundo, Ana Raquel Rodrigues, Afonso Martins, António Fabião, and Paula Soares
Chapter Overview 257
Introduction 258
Study Sites and Experiments 261
Eucalypt Plantations 261
Oak Woodlands 263
Chestnut Groves 265
Concepts and Indicators 265
Soil Quality in Forestry and Agroforestry Systems 268
Eucalypt Plantations 268
Intensive Site Preparation: Deep Plowing Versus Superficial Harrowing 268
Harvest Residue Management Effects 269
Harvest Residue Management and Biological Indicators 273
Soil Quality in Evergreen Oak Woodlands 274
Effect of Scattered Oak Trees 274
Replacement of Natural Pastures by Improved Pastures 275
Replacement of Shrub Understory by Improved Pastures 278
Grazing Systems 280
Shrub Encroachment in Degraded Soil 282
Soil Quality in Chestnut Groves 282
General Considerations and Perspectives 288
Acknowledgment 292
References 292
