Trosborg Pragmatics across Languages and Cultures

1. Auflage 2010
ISBN: 978-3-11-021444-4
Verlag: De Gruyter
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: Adobe DRM (»Systemvoraussetzungen)

E-Book, Englisch, Band 7, 656 Seiten

Reihe: Handbooks of Pragmatics [HOPS]

This handbook provides a comprehensive overview, as well as breaking new ground, in a versatile and fast growing field. It contains four sections: Contrastive, Cross-cultural and Intercultural Pragmatics, Interlanguage Pragmatics, Teaching and Testing of Second/Foreign Language Pragmatics, and Pragmatics in Corporate Culture Communication, covering a wide range of topics, from speech acts and politeness issues to Lingua Franca and Corporate Crises Communication. The approach is theoretical, methodological as well as applied, with a focus on authentic, interactional data. All articles are written by renowned leading specialists, who provide in-depth, up-to-date overviews, and view new directions and visions for future research.

Zielgruppe

Research Libraries, Academics, who are interested in Pragmatics,

Autoren/Hrsg.

Trosborg, Anna

Fachgebiete

• Sozialwissenschaften Medien- und Kommunikationswissenschaften Kommunikationswissenschaften Interkulturelle Kommunikation & Interaktion
• Geisteswissenschaften Sprachwissenschaft Fremdsprachenerwerb und -didaktik
• Geisteswissenschaften Sprachwissenschaft Semantik & Pragmatik
• Sozialwissenschaften Medien- und Kommunikationswissenschaften Kommunikationswissenschaften Kommunikationstheorie

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Preface to the handbook series;6
2;Acknowledgements;10
3;Table of Contents;12
4;Introduction;16
5;I. Contrastive, Cross-cultural and Intercultural Pragmatics;56
5.1;1. Cultural scripts and intercultural communication;58
5.2;2. Compliment and compliment response research: A cross-cultural survey;94
5.3;3. Telephone conversation openings across languages, cultures and settings;118
5.4;4. Intercultural (im)politeness and the micro-macro issue;154
5.5;5. Pragmatics East and West: Similar or different?;182
5.6;6. Intercultural competence and pragmatics research: Examining the interface through studies of intercultural business discourse;204
6;II. Interlanguage Pragmatics;232
6.1;7. Exploring the pragmatics of interlanguage pragmatics: Definition by design;234
6.2;8. Theoretical and methodological approaches in interlanguage pragmatics;276
6.3;9. Pragmatic challenges for second language learners;302
6.4;10. The acquisition of terms of address in a second language;324
6.5;11. Longitudinal studies in interlanguage pragmatics;348
6.6;12. The Pragmatics of English as a lingua franca;378
7;III. Teaching and Testing of Second/ Foreign Language Pragmatics;404
7.1;13. Assessing learnability in second language pragmatics;406
7.2;14. The teaching of speech acts in second and foreign language instructional contexts;438
7.3;15. Correcting others and self-correcting in business and professional discourse and textbooks.;458
7.4;16. Testing interlanguage pragmatic knowledge;482
7.5;17. Pragmatics and research into corporate communication;504
7.6;18. Credibility in corporate discourse;528
7.7;19. Corporate crisis communication across cultures;558
7.8;20. The pragmatics of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) across cultures;586
7.9;21. Corporate culture in a global age: Starbucks’ “Social Responsibility” and the merging of corporate and personal interests;612
8;About the Authors;644
9;Index;654

Leseproben

7. Exploring the pragmatics of interlanguage pragmatics: Definition by design (p. 219-220)


Kathleen Bardovi-Harlig


1. Definitions of interlanguage pragmatics


In this handbook series, pragmatics is understood in a broad sense as the scientific study of all aspects of linguistic behavior. These aspects include patterns of linguistic action, language functions, types of inferences, principles of communication, frames of knowledge, attitude, and belief, as well as organizational principles of text and discourse. Pragmatics deals with meaning-in-context, which for analytical purposes can be viewed from different perspectives (the speaker’s, recipient’s, analyst’s, etc.). It bridges the gap between the system side of language and the use side, and relates both of them at the same time.

Interlanguage pragmatics brings the study of acquisition to this mix of structure and use.1 The principle participants are learners or speakers of second or foreign languages.2 Interlanguage pragmatics is often defined as the study of nonnative speakers’ use and acquisition of L2 pragmatics knowledge (Kasper 1996: 145). However, the study of interlanguage pragmatics has not typically been as broad as the areas outlined by the definition of pragmatics used in the handbook.

The study of pragmatics has not always been conceptualized as broadly, either. Levinson (1983) observed that the study of pragmatics traditionally encompassed at least five main areas: Deixis, conversational implicature, presupposition, speech acts, and conversational structure. Within second language studies, work in pragmatics has often been narrower than in the field of pragmatics at large, including the investigation of speech acts and to a lesser extent conversational structure and conversational implicature. It is also broader, investigating areas traditionally considered to be sociolinguistics, such as address terms, for example (Stalnaker 1972). In fact, the line between sociolinguistics and pragmatics was not clear in the early days of interlanguage pragmatics research. Reports on speech acts often appeared under the banner of sociolinguistics in venues such as the TESOL Sociolinguistics Colloquium, where much new work was presented, and in published volumes, such as Sociolinguistics and second language acquisition (Wolfson and Judd 1983).

The dominant area of investigation within interlanguage pragmatics has been the speech act. The dominance of this area of investigation can be seen in the boundaries set by Kasper and Dahl in their 1991 methodological review:

Interlanguage pragmatics will be defined in a narrow sense, referring to nonnative speakers’ (NNSs’) comprehension and production of speech acts, and how their L2-related speech act knowledge is acquired. Studies addressing conversational management, discourse organization, or sociolinguistic aspects of language use such as choice of address terms will be outside the scope of this article (Kasper and Dahl 1991: 216).

Narrowing the focus to speech acts allowed Kasper and Dahl to review the best represented area of investigation, and thus to compare approaches to data collection across many studies.

The following year brings a broader definition of interlanguage pragmatics which includes politeness in addition to illocutionary force, a concept central to the speech act framework (Kasper 1992):
Typical issues addressed in data-based [interlanguage pragmatics] studies are whether NNS differ from NS in the 1) range and 2) contextual distribution of 3) strategies and 4) linguistic forms used to convey 5) illocutionary meaning and 6) politeness-precisely the kinds of issues raised in comparative studies of different communities … Interlanguage pragmatics has predominantly been the sociolinguistic, and to a much lesser extent a psycholinguistic [or acquisitional] study of NNS’ linguistic action. (p. 205)

Über Autor(innen)

Anna Trosborg, University of Aarhus, Denmark.