Stolten / Emonts Fuel Cell Science and Engineering

Materials, Processes, Systems and Technology
1. Auflage 2012
ISBN: 978-3-527-65027-9
Verlag: Wiley-VCH
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: Adobe DRM (»Systemvoraussetzungen)

E-Book, Englisch, 1242 Seiten, E-Book

Fuel cells are expected to play a major role in the future power supply that will transform to renewable, decentralized and fluctuating primary energies. At the same time the share of electric power will continually increase at the expense of thermal and mechanical energy not just in transportation, but also in households. Hydrogen as a perfect fuel for fuel cells and an outstanding and efficient means of bulk storage for renewable energy will spearhead this development together with fuel cells. Moreover, small fuel cells hold great potential for portable devices such as gadgets and medical applications such as pacemakers.
 
This handbook will explore specific fuel cells within and beyond the mainstream development and focuses on materials and production processes for both SOFC and lowtemperature fuel cells, analytics and diagnostics for fuel cells, modeling and simulation as well as balance of plant design and components. As fuel cells are getting increasingly sophisticated and industrially developed the issues of quality assurance and methodology of development are included in this handbook. The contributions to this book come from an international panel of experts from academia, industry, institutions and government.
 
This handbook is oriented toward people looking for detailed information on specific fuel cell types, their materials, production processes,
modeling and analytics. Overview information on the contrary on mainstream fuel cells and applications are provided in the book
'Hydrogen and Fuel Cells', published in 2010.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Stolten, Detlef

Emonts, Bernd

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Volume 1
 
PART I: Technology
 
TECHNICAL ADVANCEMENT OF FUEL-CELL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
Introduction
Representative Research Findings for SOFCs
Representative Research Findings for HT-PEFCs
Representative Research Findings for DMFCs
Application and Demonstration in Transportation
Fuel Cells for Stationary Applications
Special Markets for Fuel Cells
Marketable Development Results
Conclusion
 
SINGLE-CHAMBER FUEL CELLS
Introduction
SC-SOFCs
SC-SOFC Systems
Applications of SC-SOFCs Systems
Conclusion
 
TECHNOLOGY AND APPLICATIONS OF MOLTEN CARBONATE FUEL CELLS
Molten Carbonate Fuel Cells overview
Analysis of MCFC Technology
Conventional and Innovative Applications
Conclusion
 
ALKALINE FUEL CELLS
Historical Introduction and Principle
Concepts of Alkaline Fuel-Cell Design Concepts
Electrolytes and Separators
Degradation
 
Carbon Dioxide Behavior
Conclusion
 
MICRO FUEL CELLS
Introduction
Physical Principles of Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFCs)
Types of Micro Fuel Cells
Materials and Manufacturing
GDL Optimization
Conclusion
 
PRINCIPLES AND TECHNOLOGY OF MICROBIAL FUEL CELLS
Introduction
Materials and Methods
Microbial Catalysts
Applications and Proof of Concepts
Modeling
Outlook and Conclusions
 
MICRO-REACTORS FOR FUEL PROCESSING
Introduction
Heat and Mass Transfer in Micro-Reactors
Specific Features Required from Catalyst Formulations for Microchannel Plate Heat-Exchanger Reactors
Heat Management of Microchannel Plate Heat-Exchanger Reactors
Examples of Complete Microchannel Fuel Processors
Fabrication of Microchannel Plate Heat-Exchanger Reactors
 
REGENERATIVE FUEL CELLS
Introduction
Principles
History
Thermodynamics
Electrodes
Solid Oxide Electrolyte (SOE)
System Design and Components
Applications and Systems
Conclusion and Prospects
 
PART II: Materials and Production Processes
 
ADVANCES IN SOLID OXIDE FUEL CELL DEVELOPMENT BETWEEN 1995 AND 2010 AT FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM J¨ULICH GMBH, GERMANY
Introduction
Advances in Research, Development, and Testing of Single Cells
Conclusions
 
SOLID OXIDE FUEL CELL ELECTRODE FABRICATION BY INFILTRATION
Introduction
SOFC and Electrochemical Fundamentals
Current Status of Electrodes; Fabrication Methods of Electrodes
Electrode Materials
Infiltration
Conclusion
 
SEALING TECHNOLOGY FOR SOLID OXIDE FUEL CELLS
Introduction
 
Sealing Techniques
Conclusion
 
PHOSPHORIC ACID, AN ELECTROLYTE FOR FUEL CELLS - TEMPERATURE AND COMPOSITION DEPENDENCE OF VAPOR PRESSURE AND PROTON CONDUCTIVITY
Introduction
Short Overview of Basic Properties and Formal Considerations
Vapor Pressure of Water as a Function of Composition and Temperature
Proton Conductivity as a Function of Composition and Temperature
Equilibria between the Polyphosphoric Acid Species and "Composition" of Concentrated Phosphoric Acid
Conclusion
 
MATERIALS AND COATINGS FOR METALLIC BIPOLAR PLATES IN POLYMER ELECTROLYTE MEMBRANE FUEL CELLS
Introduction
Metallic Bipolar Plates
Discussion and Perspective
 
NANOSTRUCTURED MATERIALS FOR FUEL CELLS
Introduction
The Fuel Cell and Its System
Triple Phase Boundary
Electrodes to Oxidize Hydrogen
Membranes to Transport Ions
Electrocatalysts to Reduce Oxygen
Catalyst Supports to Conduct Electrons
Future Directions2
 
CATALYSIS IN LOW-TEMPERATURE FUEL CELLS - AN OVERVIEW
Introduction
Electrocatalysis in Fuel Cells
Electrocatalyst Degradation
Novel Support Materials
Catalyst Development, Characterization, and In Situ Studies in Fuel Cells
Catalysis in Hydrogen Production for Fuel Cells
Perspective
 
PART III: Analytics and Diagnostics
 
IMPEDANCE SPECTROSCOPY FOR HIGH-TEMPERATURE FUEL CELLS
Introduction
Fundamentals
Experimental Examples
Conclusion
 
POST-TEST CHARACTERIZATION OF SOLID OXIDE FUEL-CELL STACKS
Introduction
Stack Dissection
Conclusion and Outlook
 
IN SITU IMAGING AT LARGE-SCALE FACILITIES
Introduction
X-Rays and Neutrons
Application of In Situ 2D Methods
Application of 3D Methods
Conclusion
 
ANALYTICS OF PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF LOW-TEMPERATURE FUEL CELLS
Introduction
Gravimetric Properties
Calori

Über Autor(innen)

Prof. Detlef Stolten is the Director of the Institute of Energy Research - Fuel Cells at the Research Center Jülich, Germany. Prof Stolten received his doctorate from the University of Technology at Clausthal, Germany. He served many years as a Research Scientist in the laboratories of Robert Bosch and Daimler Benz/Dornier. Since 1998 he has been holding the position of Director at the Research Center Jülich. Two years later he became Professor for Fuel Cell Technology at the University of Technology (RWTH) at Aachen. Prof. Stolten's
research focuses on electrochemical energy engineering including electrochemistry and energy process engineering of Electrolysis, SOFC and PEFC systems, i.e. cell and stack technology, process and systems engineering as well as systems analysis. Prof. Stolten is Chairman of the Implementing Agreement Advanced Fuel Cells, member of the board of the International Association of Hydrogen Energy (IAHE) and
is on the advisory boards of the German National Organization of Hydrogen and Fuel Cells (NOW), and the journal Fuel Cells. He was chairman of the World Hydrogen Energy Conference 2010 (WHEC 2010).
 
Dr. Bernd Emonts is the Deputy Director of the Institute of Energy Research at the Jülich Research Center, Germany. He received his diploma in structural engineering from the Aachen University of Applied Sciences, Germany, in 1981. He went on to specialize in the fundamentals
of mechanical engineering at RWTH Aachen University, Germany and was awarded his PhD in 1989. Working as a scientist, Dr. Emonts
has been involved in extensive research and development projects in the areas of catalytic combustion and energy systems with low-temperature fuel cells. Between 1991 and 1994, he concurrently worked as an R & D advisor for a German industrial enterprise in the drying and coating technologies sector. In addition to his scientific activities at Jülich Research Center, Germany, Dr. Emonts lectured at Aachen University of Applied Sciences from 1999 to 2008. Dr. Emonts has published extensively in the field of Fuel Cells.