Silverman / Goldstein The Human Subject in the Psychological Laboratory

1. Auflage 2013
ISBN: 978-1-4832-8543-6
Verlag: Elsevier Science & Techn.
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: Adobe DRM (»Systemvoraussetzungen)

E-Book, Englisch, 165 Seiten, Web PDF

Written for anyone who does or plans to do behavioral research, this book is based on the thesis that the psychological laboratory is a special place for people brought there as subjects. Accordingly, subjects act in ways that bear little relationship to their behaviours in the life situations to which psychologists seek to generalize their findings. An analysis is given of the motives, feelings and intentions common to people who assume the role of psychological subjects. The ways in which their responses confound data and lead to spurious conclusions are described

Autoren/Hrsg.

Silverman, I.

Goldstein, Arnold P.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Front Cover
;1
2;The Human Subject in the Psychological Laboratory;4
3;Copyright Page;5
4;Table of Contents;8
5;Dedication;6
6;Preface;12
7;Chapter 1. Psychological Subject as a Role;14
7.1;Ecology of the psychological experiment;14
7.2;Historical and contemporary uses of subjects: The cycle of introspectionism;17
7.3;Sources of psychological subjects;20
7.4;Role behavior of subjects: Early contributions;24
7.5;The waiting of the Zeitgeis;29
8;Chapter 2. Role-Related Motives of the Psychological Subject;33
8.1;The “good” subject: Compliance with demand characteristics;33
8.2;The prideful subject: Evaluation apprehension;36
8.3;Evaluation apprehension and the social desirability response set;38
8.4;Evaluation apprehension and compliance with demands;42
8.5;The perverse subject: Negative responding;46
9;Chapter 3. Role-Related Motives and Psychological Data:Involuntary Behavior;50
9.1;Hypnosis;51
9.2;Verbal conditioning;56
9.3;Psychophysiological measures;68
9.4;Learning and problem-solving;71
9.5;Perception;73
9.6;Sensory deprivation;78
9.7;Systematic desensitization;81
10;Chapter 4. Role-Related Motives and Psychological Data: Voluntary Behavior;85
10.1;Attitude change;85
10.2;Conformity;94
10.3;Aggression;96
10.4;Expectancy disconfirmation;97
10.5;Repressers and sensitizers;98
10.6;Some other "deep" personality traits;100
11;Chapter 5. Other Mediators of Role-Related Behavior;102
11.1;Volunteers and Non-Volunteers;102
11.2;Deception;105
11.3;The experimenter;108
11.4;Modeling;110
11.5;Self-fulfilling prophecies;111
12;Chapter 6. Toward a Veridical Psychology;116
12.1;Quasi-controls;117
12.2;Altering the subject role: The subject as actor;119
12.3;Removing the subject role: Non-reactive methods;120
12.4;Naturalistic observation;121
12.5;Archival research;123
12.6;The field "experiment";125
12.7;The experiment in the field;126
12.8;Conditions for valid, reactive research;128
12.9;The socialization of psychologists;129
12.10;Curiosity;129
12.11;Priorities;131
12.12;Time perspectives;132
12.13;Significant differences and insignificant research;133
12.14;In sum;135
13;References;136
14;Index;158