E-Book, Englisch, 602 Seiten, eBook
E-Book, Englisch, 602 Seiten, eBook
Reihe: Developments in Primatology: Progress and Prospects
ISBN: 978-0-387-25640-5
Verlag: Springer US
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark
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century, the outcomes of varied nursery rearing methods, the contemporary goals of nursery rearing as well as reference data derived from species commonly reared in nursery or hand-feeding situations.
Examples of the changing goals of nursery rearing covered in this volume are the need for biological containment in disease research, the production of specific pathogen-free colonies by removal of neonates from the mother, the production of phenotypes for genetic and molecular biology studies, and the breeding of endangered species for conservation or research purposes.
Zielgruppe
Research
Autoren/Hrsg.
Weitere Infos & Material
to Section 1: The History of Nursery Rearing and a Glimpse into the Future.- The Effects of Rearing Experiences: The Early Years.- The Changing Role of Hand Rearing in Zoo-Based Primate Breeding Programs.- Animal Welfare Regulations and Nursery Rearing.- Data Management for the Nonhuman Primate Nursery.- Very Early Rearing Experience: Rationale and Methodologies for Studying Prenatal Development in Nonhuman Primates.- to Section 2: Methods and Outcomes for Infrequently Hand-Reared Species.- The Effect of Hand Rearing on the Sexual and Maternal Competence of Three Species of Lemurs, Varecia variegata, Varecia rubra, and Eulemur macaco.- Nursery-Reared Prosimian Primates.- Hand Rearing of Infant Common Marmosets (Callithrix jacchus).- to Section 3: Methods and Outcomes for Frequently Hand-Reared Species.- Immunological Consequences of Nursery Rearing.- Special Challenges of Rearing Infant Macaques Infected with Lentivirus (SIV, HIV, SHIV).- Nursery Rearing and Biobehavioral Organization.- Neurobehavioral Assessment of Nonhuman Primate Neonates.- Is It Nutrients or Nurturing? Comparison of the Growth and Development of Mother-Reared and Laboratory-Reared Macaque Infants (Macaca nemestrina).- Baboon Nursery Rearing Practices and Comparisons between Nursery-Reared and Mother-Reared Individuals.- Early Rearing Conditions and Captive Chimpanzee Behavior: Some Surprising Findings.- Effects of Early Rearing History on Growth and Behavioral Development in Captive Chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes).- to Section 4: Nursery Care Methodology and Testing Techniques for the Future.- Squirrel Monkeys as an Example of Primate Nursery Medicine.- Nursery Care of At-Risk Nonhuman Primates.- A Quick and Effective Method for Establishing Self-Feeding in Stump-Tailed Macaques (Macaca arctoides).- Saliva as a Medium for Assessing Cortisol and Other Compounds in Nonhuman Primates: Collection, Assay, and Examples.- The SPIT Method for Simultaneous and Unobtrusive Collection of Salivary Cortisol from Individually Housed Infant Monkeys.- Actimetry Measurement of Behavioral Regulation and Sleep Cycles in Infant Rhesus Macaques (Macaca mulatta).- Noninvasive Neuroimaging Techniques for the Study of Primate Brain Development.- Tethering with Maternal and Fetal Catheterization as a Model for Studying Pre- to Postnatal Continuities.- to Section 5: Hematology and Serum Chemistry Values.- Hematology and Serum Chemistry in Young Captive Chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes).- Hematology and Serum Chemistry Reference Values for Rhesus Macaque (Macaca mulatta) Infants.- Hematology and Serum Chemistry Reference Values for Pigtailed Macaque (Macaca nemestrina) Infants.- Hematology and Serum Chemistry Reference Values for Mother-Reared Squirrel Monkey (Saimiri boliviensis boliviensis) Infants.
"Squirrel Monkeys as an Example of Primate Nursery Medicine (p. 355-356)
Alan G. Brady, Susan V. Gibson, Lawrence E. Williams, and Christian R. Abee
1. INTRODUCTION
Providing nursery care for infant primates is one of the most challenging aspects of maintaining primates in captivity. Nursery infants must be protected from and treated for the many health problems to which they are vulnerable. At the same time, their developmental needs must be met through proper nutrition, environmental enrichment, and other strategies. Primates are notoriously bad patients, and primate infants are arguably even worse.
They can deteriorate rapidly when ill or injured, and they are susceptible to a variety of secondary problems such as electrolyte disturbances, malnutrition, and infection once a primary health problem occurs. For this reason, the emphasis in this chapter is on preventive medicine: creating a nursery that is conducive to preventing health problems before they start. Essentials of such a nursery include a healthy environment, quali?ed and motivated staff, good nutrition, and a program for the prevention of infectious disease.
2. PREVENTIVE MEDICINE CONCEPTS FOR THE NURSERY
2.1. Nursery Design
Primate nursery facilities vary widely according to amount of use, species involved, and other factors. Some amount to little more than an infrequently used part of a housing or clinical facility while others are dedicated, purpose-designed facilities that are in constant use. Certain components are useful in any primate nursery and may be developed, more or less, depending on functional requirements, budget, and other factors.
These components include infant housing (which may include housing for dams and foster dams), separate storage areas for diet, medication, and supplies, hand-feeding area, space for updating and storing animal records, and a break room for staff. Speci?cations for infant housing are beyond the scope of this chapter but may be found in other references (Anderson, 1986). Food and supply storage should be convenient to work areas and limited to quantities that will be used quickly.
Long-term storage should be located elsewhere. Refrigerated storage for medications or chemicals should be separate from storage for infant formula and diets to avoid contamination (National Research Council, 1996). Records of each animal’s growth and development, health status, treatments, and related documents are an important part of nursery operations. Space should be allowed for completion and storage of records, and for ready access to the records at all times, as required by the Animal Welfare Act of the United States (USDA, 1982).
A separate break room for staff is important because the ready transmission of a variety of diseases between humans and primates makes exclusion of human food from the nursery a necessity (Jordan et al., 1985; National Research Council, 1996). Staff need a break room particularly during hours when the institution’s cafeteria or canteen is closed."
