O'Neil Learning Strategies

1. Auflage 2014
ISBN: 978-1-4832-6713-5
Verlag: Elsevier Science & Techn.
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, 244 Seiten, Web PDF

Learning Strategies describes a program of research in learning strategies initiated by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) in 1976. The goal of the program is to improve learning, decrease training time, and reduce training costs by developing and evaluating instructional materials designed to teach basic intellectual and affective skills. This book records the program's progress and suggests further avenues for research. Comprised of eight chapters, this book begins with an overview of the theoretical underpinnings of the teaching and learning approaches to the improvement of education, followed by a discussion on DARPA's preliminary work on an empirically based learning-strategy training program as well as its efforts to expand and modify the program. In order to provide an intellectual foundation for this program, several fields are surveyed for potential learning strategies, namely, cognitive psychology, artificial intelligence, behavioral modification, and motor learning. An instructional systems development approach for learning strategies is also proposed. The final chapter deals with models of evaluation extant in education and training and discusses the specific application of transactional evaluation to the DARPA Learning Strategies Research Program. This monograph should be of interest to students, teachers, and educational psychologists.

Autoren/Hrsg.

O'Neil, Harold F.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Front Cover;1
2;Exemplar-Based Knowledge Acquisition: A Unified Approach to Concept Representation, Classification, and Learning;4
3;Copyright Page;5
4;Table of Contents;8
5;Dedication;5
6;Editor's Note;6
7;Acknowledgments;10
8;Preface;12
9;Chapter 1. Introduction;14
9.1;1.1 Preliminaries;14
9.2;1.2 The Goal of this Research;15
9.3;1.3 Constraints on Concept Learning;15
9.4;1.4 Protos: A Unified Approach;17
9.5;1.5 Evaluation of the Protos Approach;19
9.6;1.6 Introduction to Related Research;20
9.7;1.7 A Guide to this Book;21
10;Chapter 2. An Overview of the Protos Approach;22
10.1;2.1 The Knowledge Representation;23
10.2;2.2 The Classification Procedure;26
10.3;2.3 The Learning Procedures;31
10.4;2.4 Summary;38
11;Chapter 3. The Design of the Protos System;40
11.1;3.1 The Knowledge Representation;40
11.2;3.2 The Classification Procedure;49
11.3;3.3 The Learning Procedures;57
12;Chapter 4. Evaluation of Protos;68
12.1;4.1 Learning Audiological Diagnosis;68
12.2;4.2 Examples of Protos in Action;71
12.3;4.3 Experimental Evaluation of Protos;94
12.4;4.4 Discussion of the Experimental Results;106
13;Chapter 5. Related Research;108
13.1;5.1 Case-Based Reasoning;108
13.2;5.2 Automated Knowledge Acquisition;122
14;Chapter 6. Contributions and Future Work;138
14.1;6.1 Contributions;138
14.2;6.2 Future Work;143
14.3;6.3 A Final Word;144
15;Appendix A: Human Concept Representation;146
16;Appendix B: Protos' Category Structure;150
17;Appendix C: Protos' Explanation Language;154
18;Appendix D: Explanation Heuristics;158
19;Appendix E: The Experimental Questionnaire;164
20;Glossary of Protos Terminology;166
21;Glossary of Audiological Terminology;170
22;Bibliography;172
23;Index;180
24;Perspectives in Artificial Intelligence;184