Probing the Limits of Categorization

The Bystander in Holocaust History
1. Auflage 2020
ISBN: 978-1-78920-811-5
Verlag: Berghahn Books

Buch, Englisch, Band 27, 382 Seiten, Format (B × H): 152 mm x 229 mm, Gewicht: 541 g

Reihe: War and Genocide

Of the three categories that Raul Hilberg developed in his analysis of the Holocaust—perpetrators, victims, and bystanders—it is the last that is the broadest and most difficult to pinpoint. Described by Hilberg as those who were “once a part of this history,” bystanders present unique challenges for those seeking to understand the decisions, attitudes, and self-understanding of historical actors who were neither obviously the instigators nor the targets of Nazi crimes. Combining historiographical, conceptual, and empirical perspectives on the bystander, the case studies in this book provide powerful insights into the complex social processes that accompany state-sponsored genocidal violence.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Morina, Christina

Thijs, Krijn

Fachgebiete

• Geisteswissenschaften Geschichtswissenschaft Weltgeschichte & Geschichte einzelner Länder und Gebietsräume Deutsche Geschichte Deutsche Geschichte: Holocaust
• Sozialwissenschaften Politikwissenschaft Politische Gewalt Völkermord, Ethnische Säuberung, Kriegsverbrechen
• Geisteswissenschaften Geschichtswissenschaft Geschichtliche Themen Genozid und ethnische Säuberung
• Geisteswissenschaften Geschichtswissenschaft Weltgeschichte & Geschichte einzelner Länder und Gebietsräume Weltgeschichte

Inhaltsverzeichnis

List of Illustrations

Introduction: Probing the Limits of Categorization

Christina Morina and Krijn Thijs

PART I: APPROACHES

Chapter 1. Bystanders: Catchall Concept, Alluring Alibi or Crucial Clue?

Mary Fulbrook

Chapter 2. Raul Hilberg and His “Discovery” of the Bystander

René Schlott

Chapter 3. Bystanders as Visual Subjects: Onlookers, Spectators, Observers, and Gawkers in Occupied Poland

Roma Sendyka

Chapter 4. “I Am Not, What I Am.”: A Typological Approach to Individual (In)Action in the Holocaust

Timothy Williams

Chapter 5. The Many Shades of Bystanding: On Social Dilemmas and Passive Participation

Froukje Demant

Chapter 6. The Dutch Bystander as Non-Jew and Implicated Subject

Remco Ensel and Evelien Gans

SECTION II: HISTORY

Chapter 7. Photographing Bystanders

Christoph Kreutzmüller

Chapter 8. The Imperative to Act: Jews, Neighbors, and the Dynamics of Persecution in Nazi Germany, 1933–1945

Christina Morina

Chapter 9. Martin Heidegger’s Nazi Conscience

Adam Knowles

Chapter 10. Natura Abhorret Vacuum: Polish “Bystanders” and the Implementation of the “Final Solution”          

Jan Grabowski

Chapter 11. Defiant Danes and Indifferent Dutch?: Popular Convictions and Deportation Rates in the Netherlands and Denmark, 1940–1945          

Bart van der Boom

Chapter 12. The Notion of Social Reactivity: The French Case, 1942–1944

Jacques Semelin

SECTION III: MEMORY

Chapter 13. Ordinary, Ignorant and Noninvolved?: The Figure of the Bystander in Dutch Research and Controversy

Krijn Thijs

Chapter 14. Hidden in Plain View: Remembering and Forgetting the Bystanders of the Holocaust on (West) German Television

Wulf Kansteiner

Chapter 15. Stand by Your Man: (Self-)Representations of SS Wives after 1945

Susanne C. Knittel

Chapter 16. “Bystanders” in Exhibitions at the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum

Susan Bachrach

Epilogue I: A Brief Plea for the Historicization of the Bystander

Norbert Frei

Epilogue II: Saving the Bystander

Ido de Haan

Index

Über Autor(innen)

Morina, Christina
Christina Morina is Professor of Contemporary History at the University of Bielefeld. From 2015 to 2019, she was DAAD Visiting Assistant Professor at the Duitsland Instituut Amsterdam. She has also worked as lecturer at the University of Jena and was a research fellow at the Jena Center 20th Century History. Her dissertation Legacies of Stalingrad: Remembering the Eastern Front War in Germany since 1945 appeared in 2011. Since then, she has published a number of books and articles on modern German and European political-intellectual history and memory culture, among them Die Erfindung des Marxismus. Wie eine Idee die Welt eroberte (2017, forthcoming in English in 2022), and Zur rechten Zeit. Wider die Rückkehr des Nationalismus (2019, with N. Frei, F. Maubach and M. Tändler).

Thijs, Krijn
Krijn Thijs is senior researcher at the German Studies Institute Amsterdam and lecturer at Amsterdam University. He has published on political history, memory cultures and historiography in Germany and the Netherlands. In 2006, he received his PhD from Amsterdam Free University. The dissertation about Berlin master narratives in the 20th century was published by Böhlau Verlag as Drei Geschichten, eine Stadt. Die Berliner Stadtjubiläen 1937 und 1987 (2008). Currently, he is working on a book synthesis about professional and biographical upheavals in East German Historiography after 1989. Thijs also publishes on the experiences of Wehrmacht soldiers in the occupied Netherlands and on controversies in Dutch historiography. He is co-founder of the Dutch-German History Workshop.

Christina Morina is Professor of Contemporary History at the University of Bielefeld. From 2015 to 2019, she was DAAD Visiting Assistant Professor at the Duitsland Instituut Amsterdam. She has also worked as lecturer at the University of Jena and was a research fellow at the Jena Center 20th Century History. Her dissertation Legacies of Stalingrad: Remembering the Eastern Front War in Germany since 1945 appeared in 2011. Since then, she has published a number of books and articles on modern German and European political-intellectual history and memory culture, among them Die Erfindung des Marxismus. Wie eine Idee die Welt eroberte (2017, forthcoming in English in 2022), and Zur rechten Zeit. Wider die Rückkehr des Nationalismus (2019, with N. Frei, F. Maubach and M. Tändler).