Mehrländer The Germans of Charleston, Richmond and New Orleans during the Civil War Period, 1850-1870

A Study and Research Compendium
1. Auflage 2011
ISBN: 978-3-11-023689-7
Verlag: De Gruyter
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: Adobe DRM (»Systemvoraussetzungen)

E-Book, Englisch, 456 Seiten

Dieser Titel ist die erste Monographie zur Rolle der deutschen Bevölkerungsminderheit in den Südstaaten im Amerikanischen Bürgerkrieg. Sie stellt heraus, dass die Deutschen durchaus an den Kämpfen beteiligt waren und der Sklaverei weitgehend positiv gegenüber standen. In einer vergleichendenAnalyse werden die deutschen Milizen, Wortführer, Konsuln, Blockadebrecher und Unternehmer der Städte Charleston, Richmond und New Orleans vorgestellt. Der Anhang enthält eine umfangreiche Übersicht zu Primär- und Sekundärquellen, u. a. ein tabellarisches Verzeichnis über die Angehörigen der ethnisch-deutschen Militäreinheiten mit Namen, Herkunft, Rang, Beruf, Einkommen und Sklavenbesitz. Das Werk eignet sich als Archivführer für weitere einschlägige Arbeiten durch Historiker, Militärforscher und Genealogen.

Zielgruppe

Academics, Institutes, Libraries

Autoren/Hrsg.

Mehrländer, Andrea

Fachgebiete

• Geisteswissenschaften Geschichtswissenschaft Weltgeschichte & Geschichte einzelner Länder und Gebietsräume Geschichte einzelner Länder Amerikanische Geschichte Regionalgeschichte der USA: Einzelne Staaten, Städte

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Foreword by Robert N. Rosen;6
2;Acknowledgements;9
3;Table of Contents;12
4;Introduction;16
5;I. The “Period of the Great German-American Symbiosis”: Immigration & Settlement, 1820–1860;28
5.1;1. A Forgotten Chapter: German Immigration and Settlement in the Southern United States in the Period between 1820 and 1860.;31
5.2;2. The “Avoidance of the South Syndrome”: Mutualities among the German Revolutionaries of 1848.;34
5.2.1;2.1 The Ideals of the “48ers”: A Private Declaration of War on the South;35
5.2.2;2.2 The Lonely Crowd: “48ers” in the South, especially in the Cities of Charleston, Richmond, and New Orleans;39
6;II. In the Land of Masters and Slaves: the Urban South as the New Home of German Immigrants;44
6.1;1. The Holy City: Charleston, South Carolina.;51
6.2;2. The City at the Falls: Richmond, Virginia;57
6.3;3. The Crescent City: New Orleans, Louisiana.;62
6.4;4. Comparative Statistics: Germans in the Urban South (1850–1870);70
7;III. Know-Nothing Nativism in Richmond, New Orleans, and Charleston in the 1850’s: the Dress Rehearsal for 1861.;76
7.1;1. Pandora’s Box: the Radical Agitation of Carl Steinmetz, a “48er” Immigrant, in Nativist Richmond.;76
7.2;2. “In dubio pro reo”: Nativist New Orleans, Christian Roselius, and the Germans.;81
7.3;3. “If God will, let these days come back again”: the Lack of Nativism in the Lives of the Germans in Charleston;88
8;IV. The Antebellum Militias of South Carolina and Virginia up to December, 1860: Organization and Significance;92
8.1;1. The Development of German Militia Units in Charleston, South Carolina, up to December 1860: “[...] The highest duty of the adopted citizen was to the community in which he had made his home.”;96
8.1.1;1.1 The Officers of the German Antebellum Militia Companies of Charleston, South Carolina: a Leadership Elite between Nepotism and Patriotism;103
8.1.2;1.2 German Antebellum Militias as the Basis of Ethnic German Civil War Companies of the City of Charleston;106
8.2;2. The Development of the German Militia Units of Richmond, Virginia, up toDecember 1860: “[...] to enhance the respect of our co-citizens for us.”;111
8.2.1;2.1 The Officers of the Virginia Rifles, Richmond: a Militia without “Ethnic Spokesmen”;116
8.2.2;2.2 German Antebellum Militias as the Basis of Ethnic German Civil War Companies of the City of Richmond;122
9;V. Goliath and his Pygmies: The German Antebellum Militias in New Orleans;128
9.1;1. German Antebellum Militias in New Orleans, Louisiana (1806–1860): Lack of Tradition and Continuity;128
9.2;2. “A Mountain has Borne a Tiny Mouse!”: Mobilization of the Militia in New Orleans and the Long-held Dream of a German Battalion.;139
9.2.1;2.1 Louis Hellwig and his Efforts to Form a German Battalion in New Orleans (January–July 1861);142
9.2.2;2.2 The Second Attempt: the Hansa Guards Battalion under C. T. Buddecke (October 1861–February 1862);146
9.2.3;2.3 Reichard's Battalion: the Final Attempt to Organize a German Battalion under the Leadership of the Prussian Consul August Reichard;153
10;VI. The Military Participation of the Ethnic German minority in Charleston, Richmond, and New Orleans (1861–1865);158
10.1;1. The Question of Loyalty and Citizenship as a Basic Precondition for Service in the Confederate Army;163
10.1.1;1.1 Exemption: The Legally Sanctioned Liberation from Confederate Military Service;167
10.1.2;1.2 The Source of Endless Corruption: The Substitution System and the Payment of Premiums;168
10.1.3;1.3 Commutation Clauses and the Twenty-Negro Law: Possibilities for Wealthy Citizens to Buy Their Freedom From Conscription;169
10.2;2. Ethnic German Military Units from Charleston: the Attempt at a Socio-Military Analysis.;170
10.2.1;2.1 Captain Bachman's German Volunteers: the Native-born Elite among the Germans of Charleston.;172
10.2.2;2.2 Charleston's German Artillery, Companies A & B: Wagener, Melchers, and the Heroes of Port Royal;179
10.2.3;2.3 The Epitome of German Prosperity in Charleston: Captain Cordes and his German Hussars;184
10.3;3. Ethnic German Military Units from Richmond: the Attempt at a Socio-Military Analysis.;196
10.3.1;3.1 The Virginia Rifles as Company K of the 1st Virginia Infantry Regiment: Twelve Months in the Service of Tradition.;196
10.3.2;3.2 The Marion Rifles as Company K of the 15th Virginia Infantry Regiment: the Military Pride of the Germans of Richmond;198
10.3.3;3.3 Service in the 19th Virginia Militia Regiment: the Final Ethnic German Conscription in Richmond.;202
10.3.4;3.4 Facts and Numbers: Evaluation of the Troop Compilations of the Ethnic German Companies of Richmond.;207
10.4;4. Ethnic German Military Units from New Orleans: the Attempt at a Socio-Military Analysis.;214
10.4.1;4.1 Colonel Reichard's 20th Louisiana Infantry Regiment: “One of the best Louisiana regiments in existence [...]”;214
10.4.2;4.2 “I have been trying my best to perform my duty in the sacred cause of my adopted country”: Colonel Reichard between War and Peace.;219
10.4.3;4.3 Facts and Numbers: Evaluation of the Troop Compilations of the Ethnic German Companies of New Orleans.;223
11;VII. Anaconda & Martial Law: The Germans of the Confederacy in the Stranglehold of the Enemy;228
11.1;1. Blockade-Running: “What most people don’t seem to realize is that there is just as much money to be made out of the wreckage of a civilization as from the upbuilding of one.”.;229
11.1.1;1.1 Adventurers, Captains, Privateers, and Patriots: German Diversity on the Ocean.;230
11.1.2;1.2 "To export produce from the State to neutral ports..." – The Importing & Exporting Company of South Carolina and its German Investors.;234
11.2;2. The Janus Head of the Blockade: German Charity Organizations, Soldier Social Care, Free Markets, and Bread Riots;249
11.2.1;2.1 The Free Market of New Orleans as a Social and Patriotic German Field of Activity;250
11.2.2;2.2 Saints and Sinners: The German Minority under Martial Law in Civil War Richmond;256
11.2.3;2.3 “We may learn something from our German citizens”: German Mobility and Autonomy in Charleston.;266
12;VIII. The First Phase of Reconstruction, 1865–1870: a New Beginning for the Ethnic German Minority;276
12.1;1. Ethnic German Inhabitants of a Unionist Island in the Confederate Sea: New Orleans between the Recruitment of Soldiers and Emancipation Politics (1862–1865);276
12.2;2. “We reject [...] to be placed on equal political and social footing with the negroes”: the Political Self-Assertion of the Ethnic German Minority of Richmond (1865–1870).;288
12.3;3. Charleston redeemed: Charleston’s Ethnic German Minority and its Mayor Johann A. Wagener (1865–1873).;291
12.4;4. The Deutsche Gesellschaft von New Orleans and the Recruitment of Immigrants (1865–1870): Germans as Slave Substitutes on Louisiana Plantations;298
12.5;5. The Deutsche Einwanderungs-Gesellschaft des Staates Virginia: a Center of Activity for German Confederate Veterans (1865–1870).;303
12.6;6. Hated by the Republicans, loved by the Germans: J. A. Wagener, Franz Melchers, and the German Immigration, Land and Trading Company of Charleston (1865–1870);307
13;Conclusions;310
14;Bibliography and Sources;318
15;Manuscripts and Manuscript Collections;318
16;Contemporary Sources;327
17;Other published Primary Sources;332
18;Newspapers;333
19;Secondary Sources and Reference Works;335
20;Appendix A: Ethnic German Companies of South Carolina;358
21;Appendix B: Ethnic German Companies of Virginia;377
22;Appendix C: Ethnic German Companies of Louisiana;391
23;Appendix D: Comparative Population Statistics: Germans in the South (1850–1870);403
24;List of Tables;424
25;List of Illustrations;426
26;Index;428

Über Autor(innen)

Andrea Mehrländer, geschäftsführende Direktorin der Checkpoint Charlie Stiftung, Berlin

Andrea Mehrländer, Managing Director of the Checkpoint Charlie Foundation, Berlin