Mccormick / Farrell / Brauner Fish Physiology: Euryhaline Fishes

1. Auflage 2013
ISBN: 978-0-12-397232-3
Verlag: Elsevier Science & Techn.
Format: EPUB
Kopierschutz: 6 - ePub Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, Band Volume 32, 594 Seiten

Reihe: Fish Physiology

The need for ion and water homeostasis is common to all life. For fish, ion and water homeostasis is an especially important challenge because they live in direct contact with water and because of the large variation in the salt content of natural waters (varying by over 5 orders of magnitude). Most fish are stenohaline and are unable to move between freshwater and seawater. Remarkably, some fishes are capable of life in both freshwater and seawater. These euryhaline fishes constitute an estimated 3 to 5% of all fish species. Euryhaline fishes represent some of the most iconic and interesting of all fish species, from salmon and sturgeon that make epic migrations to intertidal mudskippers that contend with daily salinity changes. With the advent of global climate change and increasing sea levels, understanding the environmental physiology of euryhaline species is critical for environmental management and any mitigative measures. This volume will provide the first integrative review of euryhalinity in fish. There is no other book that focuses on fish that have the capacity to move between freshwater and seawater. The different challenges of salt and water balance in different habitats have led to different physiological controls and regulation, which heretofore has not been reviewed in a single volume. - Collects and synthesizes the literature covering the state of knowledge of the physiology of euryhaline fish - Provides the foundational information needed for researchers from a variety of fields, including fish physiology, conservation and evolutionary biology, genomics, ecology, ecotoxicology, and comparative physiology - All authors are the leading researchers and emerging leaders in their fields

Autoren/Hrsg.

Mccormick, Stephen D.

Farrell, Anthony Peter

Brauner, Colin

Leseproben

List of Abbreviations
Abbreviations used throughout this volume are listed below. Standard abbreviations are not defined in the text. Nonstandard abbreviations are defined in each chapter and listed below for reference purposes. 14-3-3    regulatory protein 14-3-3 ß?    transmembrane potential (mV) AC    accessory cell ACE    angiotensin-converting enzyme ACT    Atlantic Cooperative Telemetry Network ACTH    adrenocorticotropic hormone ADP    adenosine diphosphate AE    anion exchanger AM    adrenomedullin Ang    angiotensin ANP    atrial natriuretic peptide AQP    aquaporin ASIC    acid-sensing ion channel Asn    asparagine Asp    aspartic acid AT1    angiotensin II receptor type 1 ATP    adenosine triphosphate ATU    accumulated thermal unit AVP    arginine vasopressin BADH    betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase BHMT    betaine homocysteine methytransferase BMPR II    bone morphogenetic protein receptor type II BNP    B-type natriuretic peptide BW    brackish water Ca2+    calcium ion CA    carbonic anhydrase cAMP    cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate CaSR    calcium sensing receptor CFTR    cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator cGMP    cyclic guanosine monophosphate CGRP    calcitonin gene-related peptide ChoDH    choline dehydrogenase Cl–    chloride ion ClC    chloride channel CLR    calcitonin receptor-like receptor CNP    C-type natriuretic peptide CO2    carbon dioxide CON-A    concanavalin-A COP    colloid osmotic pressure COX-1,2    cyclooxygenase 1 (spontaneous), 2 (inducible) CPS    carbamoyl phosphate synthase CR    corticosteroid receptor CRF    corticotropin-releasing factor CRH    corticotropin-releasing hormone CRHR    corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor CYP-1a    cytochrome P450 type 1a DGDH    dimethylglycine dehydrogenase DOC    11-deoxycorticosterone DOPAC    3,4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid E2    17p-estradiol ECF    extracellular fluid EGF    epidermal growth factor ENa,ECl    Nernst equilibrium potential for Na, Cl (mV) ENaC    epithelial sodium channel EST    expressed sequence tag F    Faraday (96.485 coulomb/mole) FAK    focal adhesion kinase FW    freshwater GC-A    particulate guanylyl cyclase A GDH    glutamate dehydrogenase GFR    glomerular filtration rate GH    growth hormone Ghr    ghrelin GHR    growth hormone receptor GLN    guanylin GLUTase    glutaminase GnRH    gonadotropin releasing hormone GR    glucocorticoid receptor Grail    gene related to anergy in T lymphocytes GSase    glutamine synthetase H+    hydrogen ion HCOi–3    bicarbonate ion HPA    hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal hpf    hours post-fertilization HPI    hypothalamic-pituitary-interrenal HSF1    heat shock factor 1 HSP    heat shock protein IBD    isolation by distance ICF    intracellular fluid IGF-I    insulin-like growth factor I ILCM    interlamellar cell mass IT    isotocin JNK    c-Jun N-terminal kinase KCC    K+/Cl– cotransporter a-KG    a-ketoglutarate (oxoglutarate) 11KT    11-ketotestosterone LC50    median lethal concentration MAPK    mitogen-activated protein kinase Mg2+    magnesium ion MLCK    myosin light chain kinase MR    mineralocorticoid receptor MRC    mitochondrion-rich cell mRNA    messenger ribonucleic acid MYA    million years ago Na+    sodium ion NAD+    nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, oxidized form NADH    nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, reduced form NADP+    nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate, oxidized form NADPH    nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate, reduced form NCC    Na+/Cl–cotransporter NEFA    non-esterified fatty acid NHE    Na+/H+ exchanger NHERF1    Na+/H+ exchanger regulatory factor 1 NKA    Na+/K+-ATPase NKCC    Na+/K+/2Cl– cotransporter NP    natriuretic peptide NPR-A    natriuretic peptide receptor A OCLN    occludin OLGC    Oryzias latipes (medaka)particulate guanylyl cyclase OSR    stress response kinase OSTF    osmotic stress factor protein OTCase    ornithine transcarbamylase OTN    Ocean Tracking Network OUC    ornithine urea cycle OVLT    organum vasculosum laminae terminalis P    progesterone PACAP    pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating peptide Pdiff    diffusional permeability to water Pi    phosphate ion PFK    phosphofructokinase PKA, PKC protein kinase A, C PLA2    phospholipase A2 PLMPL    phospholemman-like protein PNA    peanut agglutinin PO42–    phosphate ion POMC    pro-opiomelanocortin Pos    osmotic permeability to water POST    Pacific Ocean Shelf Tracking PP    protein phosphatase ppt    parts per thousand PRL    prolactin PRLR    prolactin receptor PrRP    prolactin-releasing peptide PVC    pavement cell Q10    temperature coefficient (10°C change) R    universal gas constant (8.314 Joule Kelvin–1 mole–1) RAMP    receptor activity-modifying protein RAS    renin-angiotensin system RBC    red blood cell RHP2    rhesus protein 2 RLN    relaxin RU486    mifepristone RVD    regulatory volume decrease RVI    regulatory volume increase SDH    sarcosine dehydrogenase SGK    glucocorticoid inducible kinase SO42–    sulfate ion SPAK    ste20-proline rich kinase Sr2+    strontium ion STST    selective tidal stream transport SW    seawater 15a-T    15a-hydroxytestosterone T    temperature (°C) T3    3,5,3'-triiodothyronine T4    thyroxine or tetraiodothyronine TEM    transmission electron microscopy TEP    transepithelial potential (mV) TGFß    transforming growth factor-ß TL    total length TMA trimethylamine TMAO    trimethylamine oxide TMNAox    trimethylamine...