Mahy The Dictionary of Virology

4. Auflage 2009
ISBN: 978-0-08-092036-8
Verlag: Elsevier Science & Techn.
Format: EPUB
Kopierschutz: 6 - ePub Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, 520 Seiten

Completely revised and updated to take into account the new taxonomy and grouping changes made by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses in their 8th Report, The Dictionary of Virology provides an authoritative and concise list of all viruses affecting vertebrate species, from humans to fish. - Includes the new viruses of medical or veterinary importance that have emerged since 2001, such as the new human coronaviruses, SARS and NL63 and a new subtype of influenza (H1N2) - Includes new terms in virology - Extensive cross-referencing and illustrative tables further enhance the use of this book

Autoren/Hrsg.

Mahy, Brian W. J.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Front Cover;1
2;The Dictionary of Virology;4
3;Copyright Page;5
4;Preface to the Fourth Edition;6
5;The Dictionary of Virology;8
5.1;A;8
5.2;B;49
5.3;C;78
5.4;D;125
5.5;E;144
5.6;F;167
5.7;G;184
5.8;H;200
5.9;I;243
5.10;J;269
5.11;K;274
5.12;L;283
5.13;M;299
5.14;N;332
5.15;O;348
5.16;P;361
5.17;Q;399
5.18;R;401
5.19;S;430
5.20;T;468
5.21;U;488
5.22;V;491
5.23;W;502
5.24;X;508
5.25;Y;510
5.26;Z;512
6;Appendix;514
7;Abbreviations;518

Leseproben

B
B cells Lymphocytes derived from hemopoietic stem cells in the bone marrow (or the bursa of Fabricius in birds) which synthesize immunoglobulin and play a major role in the adaptive immune response. B14–150 cells (CCL 14.1) Heteroploid peritoneal cells from the Chinese hamster, Cricetulus griseus. Initiated from the original B14 cell line by selection of cells resistant to bromo-deoxyuridine in the culture medium. This was later replaced by idoxuridine to which the cells are now resistant. B95–8 cells An Epstein–Barr virus transformed marmoset B-lymphocyte cell line. Used for primary measles virus isolation.
Kobune F et al (1990) J Virol 64, 700 B-virus Synonym for Cercopithecine herpesvirus 1 (herpesvirus B). B19 virus (B19V) The type species of the genus Erythrovirus, the cause of erythema infectiosum (fifth disease) in children and of aplastic crisis in children and adults with chronic hemolytic anemia. The linear single-stranded DNA genome of B19 virus is 5.5 kb in length and has long (about 300 bases) inverted terminal repeats at the 3' and 5' ends. Both plus and minus strands are packaged with equal efficiency into B19 virions. Human B19 infection is common between 4 and 12 years but is usually asymptomatic; serosurveys have shown that about 80% of the adult population have experienced B19 infection. Erythema infectiosum is a common manifestation of childhood infection and starts with intense erythema of the cheeks (slapped-cheek disease), then moves to the trunk and limbs, lasting about 2 days. In a few cases (<10%) arthropathy with joint symptoms is seen, but when infection occurs in adult females, 80% of cases have associated arthropathy. B19 virus infects eryth-rocyte precursors, and if the infected individual has pre-existing hemolytic anemia a transient aplastic crisis occurs which usually lasts for 7 days, before a humoral immune response is mounted. More serious, chronic anemia occurs in immunocompromised individuals. In pregnant women, intrauterine B19 infection may cause fetal loss and hydrops fetalis.
Anderson LJ and Young NS (1997) Monogr Virol 20, 153pp
Berns KI (1990) Microbiol Rev 54, 316
Erdman DD et al (1996) J Gen Virol 77, 2767 734 B virus A possible species in the genus Betaretrovirus. Present in MCF-7 cells, a line derived from a pleural effusion from a patient with disseminated mammary adenocarcinoma. No antigenic relationship with type C retroviruses, but some cross-reaction with mouse mammary tumor virus. B814 virus The first strain of Human coronavirus isolated in organ culture from a patient with a common cold.
Tyrrell DAJ and Bynoe ML (1965) BMJ 1, 1467 B-virus of monkeys Synonym for Cercopithecine herpesvirus 1. Babahoya virus (BABV) A serotype of Patois virus in the genus Orthobunyavirus belonging to the Patois serogroup. Isolated from mosquitoes, Culex (Melanoconion) ocossa, in Ecuador. Not known to cause disease in humans.
Calisher C et al (1983) Am J Trop Med Hyg 32, 877 Babanki virus (BBKV) A serotype of Sindbis virus in the genus Alphavirus. Isolated from the mosquito, Mansonia africana, in Cameroon. baboon endogenous virus (BaEV) A probable species in the genus Gammaretrovirus. A vertically transmitted endogenous virus which is present in multiple copies in many Old World primate species. Remarkable sequence conservation is maintained between different species of primate. Isolated from a baboon, Papio cynocephalus, by co-cultivation of the cells with various mammalian cells. Replication was most efficient in fetal canine thymus cells. Virus can be isolated directly from placental extract. The virus designated M7 has reverse transcriptase and group-specific protein immunologically distinct from other C-type viruses. It also contains an env gene homologous to that of a Deltaretrovirus. However, there is strong sequence relationship to RD114 virus, suggesting that the cat endogenous virus may have evolved from this baboon endogenous virus. It has been reported that sera from human patients with schizophrenia displayed a significantly increased incidence of antibodies to BaEV.
Synonym: baboon C-type virus.
Hu S et al (1977) J Virol 23, 345
Lillehoj EP et al (2000) J Neurovirol 6, 492
Schnitzer TJ (1979) J Gen Virol 42, 9
van der Kuyl AC et al (1995) J Virol 69, 5917 baboon herpesvirus Synonym for Cercopithecine herpesvirus 12. baboon lymphotropic herpesvirus Synonym for Cercopithecine herpesvirus 12. Baboon orthoreovirus (BRV) A species in the genus Orthoreovirus. The only member of subgroup IV. baboon polyomavirus 1 (Ppy-1) A virus isolated from baboon cell cultures that was originally called simian agent 12. Replicates productively in African green monkey kidney cells, in contrast to human polyomaviruses. Now a species called Simian virus 12 in the genus Polyomavirus.
Synonym: polyomavirus papionis 1.
Cunningham TP and Pipas JM (1985) J Virol 54, 483 Baboon polyomavirus 2 (PPyV-2) A species in the genus Polyomavirus. Isolated from baboon kidney cell cultures. Antigenically distinct from simian agent 12 so named polyomavirus papionis-2.
Gardner SD et al (1989) Arch Virol 105, 223 baboon T-cell leukemia virus (BTLV) See Primate T-lymphotropic viruses. baboon type C virus See baboon endogenous virus. baby hamster kidney cells See BHK21 cells. Bacajaí virus A virus in the genus Orbivirus isolated from phlebotomine sand flies in the Amazon region of Brazil. Antigenically related to the Changuinola virus serogroup. BAC (Bacterial Artificial Chromosome) A DNA construct based on a fertility plasmid (F-plasmid) used for transforming and cloning in bacteria. The usual insert size is 150 kb (range from 100 to 300 kb). bacilliform Description of the shape of certain virus particles which are cylindrical with two rounded ends. bacteriocinogen A plasmid DNA present in certain strains of bacteria, which specifies production of a bacteriocin. Normally the bacteriocinogen is repressed, and the cell carrying it does not produce bacteriocin. The circumstances in which derepression occurs are complex and not completely understood.
Hardy KG (1975) Bacteriol Rev 39, 464 bacteriocins Protein substances of varying complexity released by some types of bacteria which kill bacteria of certain strains within the same species. The producing strain is generally immune to the effects of its own bacteriocins. When purified, bacteriocins seem to fall into two classes: some are simple proteins or proteins associated with cell wall components; others resemble bacteriophages or fragments of them. Bacteriocin formation is due to a bacteriocinogen in the cell, which is normally repressed and behaves like a defective prophage. Bacteriocins adsorb to specific receptors on the cell wall, and bacterial mutants which lack these receptors may arise and will be resistant. The potency of bacteriocins is exceedingly high, and in several cases it has been shown that the lethal action is mediated without penetration of the cell. Some bacteriocins appear to be enzymes which cause cell lysis.
Kraus D and Peschel A (2006) Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 306, 231 bacteriophage A virus which replicates inside a bacterium. baculovirus expression vector A gene expression system which utilizes a strong promoter found in baculoviruses to obtain high-level expression of foreign genes. The baculovirus vector uses the highly expressed and regulated polyhedrin promoter modified for the insertion of foreign genes. The baculovirus used is usually Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus (NPV). One of the major advantages of this invertebrate virus expression vector over bacterial, yeast, and mammalian expression systems is the abundant expression of proteins coded by the inserted gene. In...