E-Book, Englisch, 336 Seiten, Web PDF
Proceedings of a Conference Held in London, 14-16 June 1965
E-Book, Englisch, 336 Seiten, Web PDF
ISBN: 978-1-4832-2318-6
Verlag: Elsevier Science & Techn.
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark
Autoren/Hrsg.
Weitere Infos & Material
1;Front Cover;1
2;Plastics in Building Structures;12
3;Copyright Page;13
4;Table of Contents;14
5;Foreword;16
6;Paper 1. Building in plastics—plastics in building: what is needed;18
6.1;1 The industries;18
6.2;2 The problems;19
6.3;3 What is needed;21
6.4;Bibliography;22
7;Paper 2. The properties of plastics in relation to building structures;24
7.1;References;27
8;Discussion on Papers 1 and 2;28
9;Paper 3. Cost and cost techniques;30
9.1;1 Introduction;30
9.2;2 Product planning for the building industry;30
9.3;3 The demand for building materials;31
9.4;4 Major trends in the housing market;32
9.5;5 Conclusions;33
9.6;APPENDIX A—SOURCES OF INFORMATION;34
9.7;APPENDIX B—PERFORMANCE SPECIFICATION;34
9.8;APPENDIX C—COST COMPARISON OF ELEMENTS FOR 2-STORY 5-PERSON 3-BEDROOM HOUSES, DECEMBER, 1964;36
9.9;Discussion on Paper 3;37
10;Paper 4. Dimensional co-ordination;38
10.1;1 Introduction;38
10.2;2 Why dimensional co-ordination is needed;38
10.3;3 Brief history leading to the present position;39
10.4;4 The present position in the United Kingdom;39
10.5;5 The present position internationally;41
10.6;6 The metric question;41
10.7;7 Conclusions;41
10.8;Discussion on Paper 4;42
11;Paper 5. Fire regulations and plastics;44
11.1;1 Introduction;44
11.2;2 Purpose of regulations;44
11.3;3 Stages of a fire and influence of materials;44
11.4;4 Fire tests;45
11.5;5 Behaviour of plastics in fire tests;47
11.6;6 Conclusions;48
12;Paper 6. Plastics in buildings and fire insurance;50
12.1;1 Introduction;50
12.2;2 Building regulations;50
12.3;3 Fire insurance building standards;50
12.4;4 Plastics and fire insurance;51
13;Paper 7. Results of fire tests on plastics pipes and sheets for covering walls and ceilings;54
13.1;PART I—PLASTICS PIPES;54
13.2;PART II—PLASTICS SHEETS FOR COVERING WALLS AND CEILINGS;56
14;Paper 8. Assessment of the flammability of plastics materials;60
14.1;1 Introduction;60
14.2;2 Survey of test methods;60
14.3;3 Discussion;62
14.4;4 Typical plastics materials;64
14.5;Acknowledgment;64
14.6;References;64
14.7;Discussion on Papers 5, 6, 7 and 8;65
15;Paper 9. Developments in service core units and prefabricated bathrooms;68
15.1;1 Introduction;68
15.2;2 The current challenge to the building industry;68
15.3;3. Technological developments and industrial building;69
15.4;References;72
16;Paper 10. Service core units and prefabricated bathrooms in industrialized building;74
16.1;Bibliography;80
16.2;Discussion on Papers 9 and 10;81
17;Paper 11a. The use of epoxy adhesives for bonding concrete: Part I;84
17.1;1 Introduction;84
17.2;2 Epoxy resins;84
17.3;3 Development of special adhesives for bonding concrete;85
17.4;4 Life expectancy of a glued joint;88
17.5;5 Long-term test data;88
17.6;6 Conclusions;88
18;Paper 11b. The use of epoxy adhesives for bonding concrete: Part II;90
18.1;1 Types of joint;90
18.2;2 Tests on structural joints;90
18.3;3 Creep tests at elevated temperature;91
18.4;4 Effect of joint thickness on creep;91
18.5;5 Joints in which there is tensile stress;91
18.6;6 Fire resistance;91
18.7;7 Current practice;91
18.8;8 Conclusion;92
18.9;References;92
19;Paper 12. The fire-resistance of resin-jointed concrete;94
19.1;1 Introduction;94
19.2;2 Experimental;94
19.3;3 Results and discussion;96
19.4;4 Conclusions;98
19.5;Acknowledgments;98
19.6;References;98
20;Paper 13. Polymer cements;100
20.1;1 Introduction;100
20.2;2 Early failures and later improvements;100
20.3;3 Comparisons;101
20.4;4 Practical evaluation;102
20.5;5 Further developments;105
20.6;6 Commercial application;105
20.7;Acknowledgment;105
21;Paper 14. Cored chipboard units;106
21.1;1 Introduction;106
21.2;2 Wood chipboard;106
21.3;3 Production methods of wood chipboard;106
21.4;4 Chipboard uses;108
21.5;5 Conclusion;110
22;Paper 15. Plastics in glued timber structural joints;112
22.1;1 Introduction;112
22.2;2 Adhesives;112
22.3;3 Longevity of glued timber structures;117
22.4;4 Structural adhesives and their use;117
22.5;References;118
23;Discussion on Papers 11,12,13,14 and 15;120
24;Paper 16. Weathering of plastics;126
25;Paper 17. Measurement of photochemical degradation in rigid poly(vinyl chloride);130
25.1;1 Introduction;130
25.2;2 Experimental;130
25.3;3 Results and discussion;131
25.4;4 Summary and conclusions;134
25.5;References;134
26;Paper 18. Acrylics under load;136
26.1;1. Introduction;136
26.2;2. Methods, results and discussions;136
26.3;3. Repeated flexural strength (long-term flexural) test;142
26.4;Bibliography;143
27;Discussion on Papers 16,17 and 18;144
28;Paper 19. Acceptable standards of sound insulation in houses, flats and offices;146
29;Paper 20. The general problems of sound isolation;150
29.1;PART 1—TRANSMISSION OF SOUND THROUGH WALLS;150
29.2;PART II—BEHAVIOUR OF SOUND WAVES IN ENCLOSURES;152
30;Paper 22. Design of lightweight partitions with high sound insulation;154
30.1;1 Single-leaf partitions;154
30.2;2 Mechanical considerations;155
30.3;3 Double-leaf partitions;156
30.4;4 Flanking transmission;156
30.5;5 Requirement of plastics materials;157
30.6;References;157
31;Discussion on Papers 19, 20 and 22;158
32;Paper 23. Design construction and experience with post-tensioned polyester roof in the Swiss National Exhibition;160
33;Paper 24. The analysis of folded-plate structures in plastics;166
33.1;1 Introduction;166
33.2;2 Folded-plate structures in plastics;166
33.3;4 Existing methods for the analysis of folded plates;166
33.4;5 Modified approach of analysis for folded plates in plastics;167
33.5;6 The folded-plate roof;168
33.6;7 The external unit;170
33.7;8 The portal frame;171
33.8;9 The barrel vault;172
33.9;10 Sandwich construction;176
33.10;11 Design of folded-plate structures in plastics;177
33.11;Acknowledgments;177
33.12;References;177
34;Paper 25. Recent developments in plastics stressed-skin pyramidal roof systems;182
34.1;1 Introduction;182
34.2;2 The case for pyramidal systems;182
34.3;3 Theoretical considerations;183
34.4;4 Experimental apparatus, results and discussion;185
34.5;5 Loads and permissible stresses;188
34.6;6 Jointing;188
34.7;7 Case for composite structures;188
34.8;8 General appreciation of the system;189
34.9;9 Potentialities;189
34.10;10 Conclusions;190
34.11;Acknowledgments;190
34.12;References;190
35;Paper 26. Prefabricated shell structure of glass-reinforced plastics for a greenhouse;192
35.1;1 Introduction;192
35.2;2 The use of unsaturated polyester resins;192
35.3;3 Self-supporting single-layer shells;195
35.4;4 Test results;200
35.5;5 Discussion on measurements obtained;204
35.6;References;205
36;Paper 27. The development of a long-span load-bearing reinforced-plastics roofing and walling unit;206
36.1;1 Introduction;206
36.2;2 Preliminary design study;206
36.3;3 First test unit;208
36.4;4 Moulding the test pieces;210
36.5;5 Testing;210
36.6;6 Trends in the building industry;212
36.7;7 Next stage of the programme;212
36.8;8 Conclusions;212
37;Discussion on papers 23, 24, 25, 26 and 27;214
38;Paper 28. Optimum design of sandwich struts and beams;218
38.1;1 Introduction;218
38.2;2 Optimum analysis of struts;219
38.3;3 Optimum analysis of beams;220
38.4;4 Properties of materials;221
38.5;5 Loads and spans;222
38.6;6 Results;222
38.7;7 Conclusions and general comments;225
38.8;References;225
39;Paper 29. Plastics sandwich panels with various foamed core materials, and their behaviour under load;226
39.1;1 Introduction;226
39.2;2 Rigid plastics foams;226
39.3;3 Sandwich construction;232
39.4;4 Large plastics sandwich panels;237
39.5;5 Conclusion;237
39.6;Acknowledgments;237
39.7;References;237
40;Paper 30. Structural behaviour of sandwich panels with foamed-plastics cores;238
40.1;1 Introduction;238
40.2;2 Mechanical behaviour;238
40.3;3 Column loading;242
40.4;4 Shear wall loading;243
40.5;5 Panel bowing;243
40.6;6 Panel creep;243
40.7;7 Testing programmes;243
40.8;8 Application requirements;244
40.9;9 Summary;248
40.10;Acknowledgment;248
40.11;References;248
41;Discussion on papers 28, 29 and 30;249
42;Paper 31. Structural potentials of paper-skin polyurethane foam board;250
42.1;1 Introduction;250
42.2;2 Production and present-day applications;250
42.3;3 Evolution of structural systems;251
42.4;4 Development testing;252
42.5;5 Other structural systems;258
42.6;Conclusion;258
42.7;Acknowledgments;258
42.8;References;258
43;Paper 32. Structural building panels with expanded polystyrene cores;260
43.1;1 Roof Panels;260
43.2;2 Wall Panels;264
43.3;3 Pilot Structure;267
43.4;4 Fire Tests;270
44;Paper 33. The physical properties of rigid urethane foam sandwich panels;274
44.1;1 Introduction;274
44.2;2 Panel manufacture;274
44.3;3 Test procedures and theory;275
44.4;4 Results;277
44.5;5 Discussion;280
44.6;6 Conclusions;281
44.7;References;281
44.8;APPENDIX I: TEST METHODS;281
44.9;APPENDIX II: CALCULATION OF SHEAR MODULUS FROM BEAM WORK;282
45;Paper 34. The design and structural applications of urethane-cored sandwich panels;284
45.1;1 Introduction;284
45.2;2 Performance requirements;284
45.3;3 Structural analysis;285
45.4;4 Ultimate load-carrying capacity;286
45.5;5 Deflections at working loads;287
45.6;6 Design recommendations;288
45.7;7 Conclusions;289
45.8;Acknowledgments;289
45.9;References;289
46;Discussion on papers 31, 32, 33 and 34;290
47;Paper 35. Application of minimum structure to cellular plastics;294
47.1;1 Introduction;294
47.2;2 Structural criteria for cellular plastics;294
47.3;3 Minimum surface;295
47.4;4 Minimum structure;296
47.5;5 Anticlastic structural membranes;297
47.6;6 Synclastic structural membrane;302
47.7;7 Conclusions;304
47.8;Acknowledgments;304
47.9;References;305
48;Paper 36. The capillary structure—a new system for producing sandwich panels;306
48.1;1 Thermal insulation;307
48.2;2 Translucence;307
48.3;3 Strength;308
48.4;4 Weight;308
48.5;5 Dimensions;308
48.6;6 Variants;309
49;Paper 37. Commercial development of panelized cold-storage units;310
49.1;1 Introduction;310
49.2;2 Expandable polystyrene beads;310
49.3;3 Development of the sandwich panel;310
49.4;4 Development of panel press;311
49.5;5 Housing programme;312
49.6;6 Development of the refrigeration panel;312
49.7;7 Market development;313
49.8;8 Conclusions;314
50;Discussion on papers 35, 36 and 37;315
51;Paper 38. Building structures with plastics;316
51.1;1 Introduction;316
51.2;2 Types of structures and their application;316
51.3;3 Experimental and theoretical research;320
51.4;References;325
52;Paper 39. Evaluation of the long-term strength of structural synthetic materials;326
53;Veiws in retrospect;328
54;Authors' biographical notes;330
