E-Book, Englisch, 240 Seiten
ISBN: 978-0-08-087784-6
Verlag: Elsevier Science & Techn.
Format: EPUB
Kopierschutz: Adobe DRM (»Systemvoraussetzungen)
The emergence of new media like the internet, e-mail, blogs, text messaging, cell phone photos, and the increasing role played by 'first informers'-- witnesses who now have the ability to transmit information immediately from the event--are redefining the roles of government and media.
The government's historical role as gatekeeper is now an anachronism. Traditional media's role as the sole conduit of reliable and officially-sanctioned information has been eclipsed by the advent of new media. The tools and rules of communications are evolving and disaster communications must evolve to capitalize on these changes and exploit the opportunities they provide. Bloggers have the potential either to add to the chaos during a crisis, or to help convey accurate data and report on local conditions. Disaster communications must incorporate a way to manage their impact and if possible use them for the common good.
Finally, even though the means to the end are evolving, the goals, the values, and the underlying principles of effective disaster communication-- the need for transparency, increased accessibility, trustworthiness and reliability, and to create partnerships with the media--have not changed and need to be embraced along with the practical ability to convey information effectively.
* Applies the principles of emergency management to communications during a disaster
* Covers terrorist incidents, accidents, and natural disasters like hurricanes and earthquakes
* Shows how to use blogs, text messages, and cell phone cameras as well as government channels and traditional media to communicate during a crisis
Kim Haddow is the president of Haddow Communications in New Orleans - a company specializing in strategic media planning, messaging, and developing research-driven media content, branding and advertising materials for non-profits. Clients have included: the Rockefeller Family Fund, Sierra Club, Make It Right Foundation, U.S. State Department, Public Campaign, and the Trust for America's Health. Haddow also worked for eight years at Greer, Margolis, Mitchell, Burns (GMMB), a Washington, DC- based media consulting firm, advising political campaigns and non-profits. Haddow began her career at WWL-AM in New Orleans where she managed the news department
Autoren/Hrsg.
Weitere Infos & Material
1;Front Cover;1
2;Disaster Communications in a Changing Media World;4
3;Copyright Page;5
4;Dedication Page;6
5;Table of Contents;8
6;Acknowledgement;16
7;Introduction;18
8;Chapter 1: Communications: The Critical Function;24
8.1;Mission;25
8.2;Assumptions;25
8.2.1;Customer Focus;26
8.2.2;Leadership Commitment;28
8.2.3;Inclusion of Communications in Planning and Operations;31
8.2.4;Situational Awareness;33
8.2.5;Media Partnership;38
8.3;Communicating in the Era of Homeland Security;42
8.4;Conclusion;45
9;Chapter 2: Disaster Communications in a Changing Media World;46
9.1;Introduction;46
9.2;Historical Uses of Media;47
9.2.1;Civil Defense;47
9.2.2;Disaster Response and Recovery;50
9.3;New Media and Disaster Communications;55
9.3.1;``Burmese Blog the Cyclone´´-BBC News Headline;56
9.3.2;In China, New Media Helps Speed Recovery;58
9.3.3;New Media: New World;59
9.4;The Evolution of New Media Use in Disasters;63
10;Chapter 3: Principles of a Successful Communications Strategy;68
10.1;Focus on the Needs of Your Customers;69
10.2;Make a Commitment to Effective Communications;71
10.2.1;Be an Active Participant in Communications;71
10.2.2;Include Communications Director on Senior Management Team;71
10.2.3;Hire and Maintain Professional Staff;71
10.2.4;Invest in Ongoing Training for Staff;71
10.2.5;Invest Resources in Communications;71
10.3;Make Communications an Integral Part of All Planning and Operations;72
10.3.1;Bring Communications Professionals to the Table;72
10.3.2;Run All Decisions Through the Communications Filter;72
10.3.3;Develop Communication Strategies to Support Operations;72
10.3.4;Create Communications Strategies to Promote Plans;72
10.4;Be Transparent in Your Communications;72
10.4.1;Don't Lie;73
10.4.2;Don't Talk About What You Don't Know;75
10.4.3;Don't Talk About Actions of Other Organizations;77
10.4.4;Don't Make Promises You Can't Keep;78
10.4.5;Be Informed;78
10.4.6;Acknowledge the Conversation;78
10.4.7;Focus on Performance;78
10.5;Ensure that Your Information is Accurate;78
10.5.1;Make Information a Priority;78
10.5.2;Invest in Information Collection;78
10.5.3;Invest in Information Management;79
10.5.4;Use Only Confirmed Information;79
10.5.5;Make Decisions Based on Good Information;79
10.6;Release Information in a Timely Manner;79
10.6.1;Don't Hold Onto Information-Share It;79
10.6.2;Conduct Regular Updates;79
10.6.3;Make Special Updates When New Information Emerges;80
10.6.4;Reach Out to As Many Media Outlets As Possible;80
10.7;Make Yourself, Your Staff, and Others, Where Appropriate, Available and Accessible;80
10.7.1;Be Available and Accessible to Media;80
10.7.2;Make the Incident Commander Available to Media;80
10.7.3;Work with Elected and Appointed Officials;81
10.7.4;Support Your Public Information Officer;81
10.7.5;Make Technical Staff Available to Media;82
10.7.6;Include Officials from Other Emergency Agencies;82
10.7.7;Secure Media Training for Yourself and Staff;82
10.8;Create an Emotional Connection with Your Audience;83
10.8.1;Give Your Organization a Human Face;84
10.8.2;Assure Audience Who is in Charge;84
10.8.3;Be the Source of Information for Media and Public;84
10.8.4;Share Information;85
10.8.5;Speak in Plain and Direct Language;85
10.8.6;Ensure that All Parties are Served;85
10.8.7;Be Emphatic;85
10.8.8;Be Accountable;85
10.8.9;Be Consistent;85
10.9;Build a Partnership with the Media;85
10.9.1;Maintain a Trained Media Relations Staff;87
10.9.2;Be Consistently Accessible to the Media;87
10.9.3;Be the Central Information Source;87
10.9.4;Provide Safe Access to Disaster Site;87
10.9.5;Respond to Media Inquiries;87
10.9.6;Understand Media Deadlines and Information Needs;87
10.9.7;Work with All Media-Traditional and New;88
10.9.8;Monitor Media Stories;88
10.9.9;Thank Media for Their Help;88
11;Chapter 4: Application of Communications Principles to All Four Phases of Emergency Management;90
11.1;Mitigation;91
11.2;Preparedness Programs and Actions;99
11.3;Response;112
11.4;Recovery;121
11.5;Conclusion;123
12;Chapter 5: Disaster Communications Audiences;124
12.1;The Public;125
12.2;Elected Officials and Community Leaders;132
12.3;Partners and Stakeholders;134
12.4;The Media;135
13;Chapter 6: Building New Disaster Communications Capabilities;136
13.1;Introduction;136
13.2;Citizen Journalists and the Traditional Media;140
13.3;Calls for Contribution;142
13.4;Formal Partnerships;143
13.5;Replacing Traditional Media with Online News Sites;144
13.6;New Media and Government;145
14;Chapter 7: Working with the News Media;150
14.1;Introduction;150
14.2;News Operations;152
14.2.1;The Never-Ending News Cycle: It's Never Too Late for News;152
14.2.2;Reporters Now Write Their Story, Do a Web Version, Blog, and Post Audio and Video;152
14.2.3;Respect What's Being Generated Online by the Public: The Media Does;153
14.2.4;Reporters Mine Online Content for Story Ideas and Sources;153
14.2.5;News Rooms Decide What's News Several Times a Day;154
14.3;Who's Who in a TV Newsroom?;154
14.4;The Scoop on TV News Operations;155
14.5;Building Relationships with Reporters;155
14.6;Sample Intro Call Rap:;156
14.7;How Do I Match My Story to Media Outlet?;162
14.8;Keys to All Successful Media Outreach;162
15;Chapter 8: Building an Effective Disaster Communications Capability in a Changing Media World;168
15.1;Introduction;168
15.2;A Communication Plan;169
15.3;Information Coming In;170
15.4;Information Going Out;173
15.5;Messengers;177
15.6;Staffing;178
15.7;Training and Exercises;179
15.8;Monitor, Update, and Adapt;180
15.9;Conclusion;181
16;Resources;182
16.1;Innovations;188
16.1.1;VA Emergency Officials Launch YouTube Channel;188
16.1.2;State Posts Clips About Preparedness On YouTube;188
16.1.3;Spanish Class Offered for First Responders;188
16.1.4;Guard Has New Cellular System;189
16.1.5;Advanced Technology Helps Firefighters Talk to Each Other in Maine;189
16.1.6;Making the Call When a Crisis Hits;190
16.1.7;State Unveils 211 Phone Number for Storm Calls;191
16.1.8;Alabama Tests Blimp for Disaster Communication Use;191
16.1.9;County EMA to Distribute 260 Weather Radios (Ledger Enquirer (GA), 5/18);191
16.1.10;More Weather Radios for Sale in Wisconsin (Capital Times, 5/14);192
16.2;Illinois Distributes Emergency Radios to College Campuses;192
16.2.1;Maryland Colleges Trying to Institute Text Message Systems to Send Emergency Alerts;193
16.2.2;Nonprofit Group Puts Web to Work for Emergencies;193
16.2.3;Wildfires Communications;194
16.2.4;National Cell Phone Emergency Alert System?;194
16.2.5;Emergency Text Alerts to Cell Phones Approved;195
16.2.6;California Wildfires-Using New Media to Communicate In A Crisis;196
16.2.7;Firestorm 2.0-Using Social Media Services to Track The California Fires;196
16.2.8;Twitter Used By News Outlets and Emergency Services During California Fires;196
16.3;Disaster-Related Newsletters;197
16.3.1;Continuity E-Guide: A Wednesday Update by the Disaster Resource Guide;197
16.3.2;Attainium's Business Continuity NewsBriefs;197
16.3.3;Disaster Research;197
16.3.4;Homeland Security Week;197
16.3.5;FEMA Emergency Management Higher Education Reports;197
16.4;Disaster Websites;198
16.4.1;General;198
16.4.2;New Media;198
16.4.3;Response;199
16.4.4;Warning;201
16.4.5;Preparedness;201
16.4.6;Media Support;203
16.4.7;Mapping;203
16.4.8;GIS;203
16.5;Bloggers;205
16.5.1;In Case of Emergency;205
16.5.2;News Organizations' Blogs;205
16.5.3;Hurricane Blog Aggregators;206
16.5.4;Weblogs;206
16.5.5;List of Blogs, etc. from 2007 Southern California Wildfires:;209
16.5.6;Message Boards and Web Portals;209
16.6;Special Needs Populations;210
16.6.1;Emergency Preparedness Initiative (EPI): A program of the National Organization on Disability;210
16.6.2;EPI Guide for Emergency Planners, Managers, amp Responders;210
16.6.3;National Organization on Disability;210
16.6.4;Disability Preparedness Resource Center: The Interagency Coordinating Council on People with Disabilities in Emergency Preparedness;210
16.6.5;Lessons Learned from September 11. Claude L. Stout;210
16.6.6;Special Needs Populations. Brenda D. Phillips, Ph.D. Center for the Study of Disasters and Extreme Events. Oklahoma State University. 2007;211
16.7;Disabilities Websites;211
16.8;Preparedness Messages;211
16.8.1;Talking About Disaster: Guide for Standard Messages;211
16.8.2;Public Perceptions of Disaster Preparedness Presentations Using Disaster Damage Images;212
16.8.3;The Twelve Cs of Disaster Preparedness Education. 2007. Rocky Lopes, PhD, Manager, Homeland Security, National Association of Counties;212
16.9;Research Papers;213
16.9.1;Early Warning- From Concept to Action: The Conclusions of the Third International Conference on Early Warning;213
16.9.2;Communicating with the Public Using ATIS During Disasters: A Guide for Practitioners;213
16.9.3;Quick Response Research Report 189-The Emergency Management Response To Hurricane Katrina: As Told by the First Responders-A Case Study of What Went Wrong amp Recommendations for the Future;213
16.9.4;Quick Response Report #117-Hurricane Georges: The Experience Of the Media and Emergency Management on the Mississippi Gulf Coast;215
16.9.5;The Role of the Media in Disaster Mitigation: Roundtable on the Media, Scientific Information and Disasters;216
16.9.6;The Media and Disaster Reduction: Roundtable on the Media, Scientific Information, and Disasters at the United Nations World Conference on Natural Disaster Reduction-;216
16.9.7;Natural Disasters and the Media: Relevance of Mass Media for Disaster Management;217
16.10;Communications Plans/Guides;217
16.10.1;Assessing Your Disaster Public Awareness Program;217
16.10.2;The Five Pillars of Emergency Communications Planning;217
16.10.3;The Five P's of Crisis Communications;218
16.10.4;Terrorism and Other Public Health Emergencies: A Field Guide for Media;218
16.10.5;Small Business Administration (SBA) Disaster Recovery Media Guide;218
16.10.6;Nigeria-National Emergency Management Agency (NEMA);219
16.10.7;Pandemic Influenza Preparedness, Response, and Recovery Guide For Critical Infrastructure and Key Resources, 2006;219
16.11;How to Develop a Communications Plan;219
16.11.1;Article by Nancy Rathbun Scott, Dumfries, VA;219
16.12;Case Studies;222
16.12.1;Emergency and Risk Management Case Studies Textbook;222
16.13;National Media Outlets;224
16.14;Online Local News Sites;225
16.15;Books;225
17;Index;228
