Goldstein / Segall Aggression in Global Perspective

Pergamon General Psychology Series
1. Auflage 2013
ISBN: 978-1-4831-4530-3
Verlag: Elsevier Science & Techn.
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, 510 Seiten, Web PDF

Aggression in Global Perspective attempts to present both an elucidating and a utilitarian picture of aggression in global perspective: elucidating, in that it serves to help deepen the understanding of the meaning and nature of aggression throughout the world; utilitarian, in that its companion focus on aggression controls and alternatives in global perspective actually functions to aid the constructive, prosocial, anti-aggression efforts which do exist, or might exist, to more readily and more fully succeed. The book begins by drawing upon individual cultural perspectives on aggression, aggression control, and aggression alternatives to offer a more unified, global perspective. It compares, contrasts, distills differences and similarities, and suggests specific directions for future research and applied efforts at better understanding of aggression. The chapters which follow describe contemporary manifestations of aggression in a large number of nations representing almost the entire world. These descriptions are placed in a cultural context, providing an understanding of why, for the given country or region, aggression currently assumes particular forms, rates, and intensities. Such contextual information is also utilized in most of the ensuing chapters to aid in understanding how aggression ''fits in'' or is conceptualized in each nation's stream of daily living.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Goldstein, Arnold P.

Segall, Marshall H.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Front Cover;1
2;Aggression in Global Perspective;4
3;Copyright Page;5
4;Table of Contents;6
5;Preface;8
6;Chapter 1. Aggression in Global Perspective: A Research Strategy;12
6.1;INTRODUCTION: THE RESEARCH OBJECTIVE AND STRATEGY;12
6.2;ANTHROPOLOGICAL LESSONS ON AGGRESSION;16
6.3;TOWARD CONCEPTUAL CLARITY; SOME DEFINITIONS;32
6.4;A CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK FOR THE STUDY OF AGGRESSION IN GLOBAL PERSPECTIVE;34
6.5;INTRODUCTION TO A CROSS CULTURAL SURVEY OF AGGRESSION;45
6.6;A FINAL INTRODUCTORY COMMENT;51
6.7;REFERENCES;51
7;Chapter 2. Brazil: Competing Theories of Aggression and Initial Research Findings;55
7.1;FACTUAL DATA AND SOCIOLOGICAL VIEWS;55
7.2;THE VIEWPOINT OF PSYCHOLOGY;60
7.3;CONCLUSION;66
7.4;REFERENCES;67
8;Chapter 3. China: Aggressive Behavior and the Problem of Maintaining Order and Harmony;69
8.1;INTRODUCTION;69
8.2;THE SOCIAL PHILOSOPHY OF CONFUCIUS;70
8.3;POSSIBLE GENETIC INFLUENCES;72
8.4;COMPARATIVE DATA ON CHINESE SOCIALIZATION OF AGGRESSIVE BEHAVIOR;73
8.5;RELATED SOCIALIZATION PRACTICES;74
8.6;FUTURE DIRECTIONS;75
8.7;PSYCHOLOGICAL EXPERIMENTATION;75
8.8;OTHER OBSERVATIONS OF ADULT BEHAVIOR;77
8.9;CONCLUSION;82
8.10;REFERENCES;83
9;Chapter 4. Federal Republic of Germany: Aggression and Aggression Research;86
9.1;INTRODUCTION;86
9.2;SOME FACTS ON AGGRESSION IN WEST GERMANY;86
9.3;AGGRESSION THEORIES;98
9.4;ON THE MEASUREMENT OF AGGRESSION;104
9.5;SELECTED STUDIES ON VIOLENCE AND AGGRESSION;105
9.6;REFERENCES;111
10;Chapter 5. Finland: The Search for Alternatives to Aggression;115
10.1;FINLAND AS A NATION;115
10.2;NONAGGRESSIVE FOREIGN POLICY AND AGGRESSIVE DRUNK BEHAVIOUR OF FINNS CHARACTERIZED BY "S/SU";116
10.3;CRIME CONTROL IN FINLAND;117
10.4;DEVELOPMENTAL BACKGROUND OF YOUNG OFFENDERS: A FINNISH LONGITUDINAL STUDY;120
10.5;PERSONALITY PROFILES OF YOUNG MALE AND FEMALE OFFENDERS AND NONOFFENDERS;126
10.6;CRIMINAL BEHAVIOUR IN THE THEORETICAL FRAME OF REFERENCE;134
10.7;DEALING WITH CHILD OFFENDERS;150
10.8;REFERENCES;154
11;Chapter 6. France: Auto-Defence;156
11.1;WHAT IS AUTO-DEFENCE?;157
11.2;THE PSYCHO-PHYSIOLOGY OF SELF-DEFENCE;159
11.3;THE IMAGE OF INSECURITY;161
11.4;EXTENSIONS OF THE INSECURITY IMAGE;163
11.5;OPPOSITION TO SELF-DEFENCE;164
11.6;SELF-DEFENCE VERSUS THE STATE;166
11.7;COMMENT;168
11.8;REFERENCES;169
12;Chapter 7. Hawaii: Violence, A Preliminary Analysis;170
12.1;HAWAII–A BRIEF CULTURAL HISTORY;170
12.2;HAWAII CRIME STATISTICS;176
12.3;VIOLENCE IN THE PUBLIC SCHOOLS;184
12.4;SELF-REPORTS OF VIOLENCE;189
12.5;CAUSES OF VIOLENCE IN HAWAII;197
12.6;SUMMARY;202
12.7;REFERENCES;203
13;Chapter 8. Holland: Research on the Causes and Prevention of Aggression;204
13.1;INFLUENCES UPON AGGRESSION;204
13.2;THE EXTENT AND DEVELOPMENT OF CRIMINALITY IN THE NETHERLANDS;211
13.3;PUBLIC OPINION;218
13.4;PREVENTION OF CRIMINALITY AND GOVERNMENT POLICY;223
13.5;REFERENCES;228
14;Chapter 9. Hungary: Aggression Research at the Institute for Psychology of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences;232
14.1;THE DEVELOPMENT OF AGGRESSIVE BEHAVIOR IN CHILDREN RAISED IN OR OUTSIDE THE FAMILY;233
14.2;EXAMINATION OF GENDER-SPECIFIC FORMS OF BEHAVIOR;234
14.3;EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF AGGRESSIVE CATHARSIS;238
14.4;REFERENCES;243
15;Chapter 10. India: South Asian Perspectives on Aggression;248
15.1;INTRODUCTION AND THEORY;248
15.2;THE KSATTRIYA MODEL;253
15.3;POLITICAL VIOLENCE;259
15.4;SATI VS. SUICIDE;260
15.5;IDEOLOGICAL VIOLENCE;262
15.6;THREE CATEGORIES OF VIOLENCE;264
15.7;SORCERY AS VIOLENCE;266
15.8;NONVIOLENCE;267
15.9;CONCLUSION;269
15.10;REFERENCES;270
16;Chapter 11. Israel: Aggression in Psychohistorical Perspective;272
16.1;INTRODUCTION: A CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK;272
16.2;METHODS OF MEASUREMENTS;277
16.3;MEASURES OF STRESS, SOCIAL CHANGE, AND AGGRESSION;277
16.4;AGGRESSION CONTROLS AND ALTERNATIVES TO AGGRESSION;293
16.5;CONCLUSION;294
16.6;REFERENCES;296
17;Chapter 12. Italy: A Systems Perspective;298
17.1;INTRODUCTION;298
17.2;METHODOLOGICAL CONSIDERATIONS;298
17.3;THE FORMS OF AGGRESSIVENESS IN ITALIAN CONTEMPORARY SOCIETY;303
17.4;ORGANIZED CRIME IN THE SOUTHERN AND INSULAR REGIONS OF ITALY;306
17.5;TERRORISM IN MODERN ITALIAN SOCIETY;312
17.6;CONCLUSIONS;323
17.7;REFERENCES;323
18;Chapter 13. Japan: Aggression and Aggression Control in Japanese Society;324
18.1;INTRODUCTION;324
18.2;AGGRESSION CONTROL AND COOPERATION IN JAPANESE SOCIETY;325
18.3;FREQUENCY AND EXPRESSION OF AGGRESSIVE BEHAVIOR;328
18.4;LAWS AND LAW ENFORCEMENT;333
18.5;CONCLUSION;334
18.6;REFERENCES;335
19;Chapter 14. New Zealand: Developmental and Social Antecedents and Concomitants of Aggression;336
19.1;THE SOCIAL BACKGROUND;337
19.2;CHILD TRAINING AND AGGRESSION;349
19.3;THE IDEOLOGY OF VIOLENCE;350
19.4;ETHNIC PATTERNS;350
19.5;CORPORAL PUNISHMENT IN SCHOOLS;351
19.6;IDEOLOGY AND THE LAW;353
19.7;THE SOCIAL EXPRESSION OF VIOLENCE;353
19.8;AGGRESSION AND PERSONAL MYTH;355
19.9;CONCLUSION;356
19.10;REFERENCES;356
20;Chapter 15. Nigeria: Aggression, A Psychoethnography;359
20.1;INTRODUCTION;359
20.2;NIGERIA–SOCIAL STRUCTURE;360
20.3;ATTITUDES AND OPINIONS ABOUT AGGRESSION;370
20.4;CONCLUSION;374
20.5;REFERENCES;376
20.6;ACKNOWLEDGEMENT;377
21;Chapter 16. Northern Ireland: Growing Up With the "Troubles";378
21.1;A PREVIEW;378
21.2;THE HISTORICO-POLITICAL CONTEXT: FROM UNION THROUGH DEVOLUTION TO DIRECT RULE AND DEADLOCK;380
21.3;PROFILES OF THE VIOLENCE: FROM DYNAMICS TO STATISTICS AND CONTEXTS;391
21.4;THE IMPACT OF VIOLENCE: FROM CONTEXTS TO PEOPLE;397
21.5;FROM THE PAST TO THE PRESENT AND THE FUTURE: DOES THE ALTERNATIVE TO VIOLENCE LIE IN PEOPLE, PROPAGANDA, OR POLITICS?;403
21.6;REFERENCES;408
22;Chapter 17. Peru: A Functional Analysis of Aggression;412
22.1;AGGRESSION IN ITS INDIVIDUAL FORM;412
22.2;AGGRESSION BY ASSAULT;419
22.3;COLLECTIVE AGGRESSION;420
22.4;SOCIAL SYSTEM AND AGGRESSIVE BEHAVIOR;422
22.5;PSYCHOLOGICAL REACTIONS TO WAR STRESS;425
22.6;CONTROL OF AGGRESSION;427
22.7;ALTERNATIVES TO AGGRESSION;428
22.8;REFERENCES;429
23;Chapter 18. Turkey: Understanding and Altering Family and Political Violence;430
23.1;INTRODUCTION;430
23.2;A BACKGROUND OF TURKISH CULTURE;431
23.3;THE PLACE OF AGGRESSION IN THE SOCIETY AND FAMILY;433
23.4;AGGRESSION CONTROLS;440
23.5;ALTERNATIVES TO AGGRESSION;442
23.6;CONCLUSION;443
23.7;REFERENCES;443
24;Chapter 19. United States: Causes, Controls, and Alternatives to Aggression;446
24.1;INTRODUCTION;446
24.2;THEORIES OF AGGRESSION;454
24.3;CRIMINAL BEHAVIOR THEORIES;463
24.4;CONTROLS AND ALTERNATIVES;467
24.5;SUMMARY;480
24.6;REFERENCES;481
25;Afterword;486
26;Author Index;488
27;Subject Index;498
28;About the Editors;504
29;Contributors;506