Gilbert Insect Molecular Biology and Biochemistry

1. Auflage 2011
ISBN: 978-0-12-384748-5
Verlag: Elsevier Science & Techn.
Format: EPUB
Kopierschutz: 6 - ePub Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, 574 Seiten

The publication of the extensive seven-volume work Comprehensive Molecular Insect Science provided a complete reference encompassing important developments and achievements in modern insect science. One of the most swiftly moving areas in entomological and comparative research is molecular biology, and this volume, Insect Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, is designed for those who desire a comprehensive yet concise work on important aspects of this topic. This volume contains ten fully revised or rewritten chapters from the original series as well as five completely new chapters on topics such as insect immunology, insect genomics, RNAi, and molecular biology of circadian rhythms and circadian behavior. The topics included are key to an understanding of insect development, with emphasis on the cuticle, digestive properties, and the transport of lipids; extensive and integrated chapters on cytochrome P450s; and the role of transposable elements in the developmental processes as well as programmed cell death. This volume will be of great value to senior investigators, graduate students, post-doctoral fellows and advanced undergraduate research students. It can also be used as a reference for graduate courses and seminars on the topic. Chapters will also be valuable to the applied biologist or entomologist, providing the requisite understanding necessary for probing the more applied research areas related to insect control. - Topics specially selected by the editor-in-chief of the original major reference work - Fully revised and new contributions bring together the latest research in the rapidly moving fields of insect molecular biology and insect biochemistry, including coverage of development, physiology, immunity and proteomics - Full-color provides readers with clear, useful illustrations to highlight important research findings

Autoren/Hrsg.

Gilbert, Lawrence I.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Front Cover;1
2;Insect Molecular Biology And Biochemistry;4
3;Copyright;5
4;Contents;6
5;Preface;8
6;Contributors;10
7;1 Insect Genomics;12
7.1;1.1. Introduction;13
7.2;1.2. Genome Sequencing;13
7.3;1.3. Genome Analysis;20
7.4;1.4. Proteomics;27
7.5;1.5. Structural Genomics;30
7.6;1.6. Metabolomics;33
7.7;1.7. Systems Biology;34
7.8;1.8. Conclusions and Future Prospects;34
7.9;Acknowledgments;34
7.10;References;34
8;2 Insect MicroRNAs: From Molecular Mechanisms to Biological Roles;41
8.1;2.1. Introduction: The Big World of Small RNAs;42
8.2;2.2. Biogenesis of miRNAs;44
8.3;2.3. Mechanism of Action of miRNAs;47
8.4;2.4. Identification of miRNAs in Insects;49
8.5;2.5. Target Prediction;51
8.6;2.6. miRNA Functions;53
8.7;2.7. Conclusions and Perspectives;61
8.8;Acknowledgments;62
8.9;References;62
9;3 Insect Transposable Elements;68
9.1;3.1. Introduction;69
9.2;3.2. Classification and Transposition Mechanisms of Eukaryotic Transposable Elements;70
9.3;3.3. Methods to Uncover and Characterize Insect TEs;74
9.4;3.4. Diversity and Characteristics of Insect TEs;76
9.5;3.5. Search for Active TEs in Insect Genomes;80
9.6;3.6. Evolution of Insect TEs;82
9.7;3.7. TEs in Insect Populations;86
9.8;3.8. Impact of TEs in Insects;87
9.9;3.9. Applications of Insect TEs;89
9.10;3.10. Summary;90
9.11;Acknowledgment;91
9.12;References;91
10;4 Transposable Elements for Insect Transformation;101
10.1;4.1. Introduction;102
10.2;4.2. P Element Transformation;103
10.3;4.3. Excision and Transposition Assays for Vector Mobility;106
10.4;4.4. Transformation Marker Systems;108
10.5;4.5. Transposon Vectors;113
10.6;4.6. Transformation Methodology;130
10.7;4.7. Summary;133
10.8;Acknowledgments;134
10.9;References;134
11;5 Cuticular Proteins;145
11.1;5.1. Introduction;145
11.2;5.2. Cuticle Structure and Synthesis;146
11.3;5.3. Classes of Proteins Found in Cuticles;150
11.4;5.4. Genomic Information;162
11.5;5.5. Interactions of Cuticular Proteins with Components of Cuticle;164
11.6;5.6. Summary and Future Challenges;171
11.7;References;172
12;6 Cuticular Sclerotization and Tanning;178
12.1;6.1. Introduction;179
12.2;6.2. A Model for Cuticular Sclerotization;179
12.3;6.3. Sclerotization (Tanning) Precursors;181
12.4;6.4. Transport of Sclerotization Precursors to the Cuticle;183
12.5;6.5. Cuticular Enzymes and Sclerotization;184
12.6;6.6. Control of Sclerotization;192
12.7;6.7. Cuticular Darkening;194
12.8;6.8. Cuticular Sclerotization in Insects Compared to That in Other Arthropods;196
12.9;6.9. Unsolved Problems;196
12.10;References;198
13;7 Chitin Metabolism in Insects;204
13.1;7.1. Introduction;204
13.2;7.2. Chitin Structure and Occurrence;204
13.3;7.3. Chitin Synthesis;205
13.4;7.4. Chitin Degradation and Modification;216
13.5;7.5. Chitin-Binding Proteins;227
13.6;7.6. Chitin-Organizing Proteins;230
13.7;7.7. Hormonal Regulation of Chitin Metabolism;231
13.8;7.8. Chitin Metabolism and Insect Control;232
13.9;7.9. Future Studies and Concluding Remarks;236
13.10;Acknowledgments;237
13.11;References;237
14;8 Insect CYP Genes and P450 Enzymes;247
14.1;8.1. Introduction;247
14.2;8.2. Diversity and Evolution of Insect CYP Genes;250
14.3;8.3. P450 Enzymes;256
14.4;8.4. P450 Functions;267
14.5;8.5. Regulation of P450 Gene Expression;295
14.6;8.6. Working with Insect P450 Enzymes;299
14.7;8.7. Conclusion and Prospects;306
14.8;References;307
15;9 Lipid Transport;328
15.1;9.1. Historical Perspective;328
15.2;9.2. Flight-Related Processes;330
15.3;9.3. Apolipophorin III;336
15.4;9.4. Lipophorin Receptor Interactions;341
15.5;9.5. Other Lipid-Binding Proteins;344
15.6;References;348
16;10 Insect Proteases;357
16.1;10.1. Introduction and History;357
16.2;10.2. Proteases in Eggs and Embryos;358
16.3;10.3. Hemolymph Plasma Proteases;359
16.4;10.4. Cellular Proteases;363
16.5;10.5. Conclusions and Future Prospects;366
16.6;Acknowledgments;367
16.7;References;367
17;11 Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Digestion;376
17.1;11.1. Introduction;377
17.2;11.2. Overview of the Digestive Process;377
17.3;11.3. Midgut Conditions Affecting Enzyme Activity;380
17.4;11.4. Digestion of Carbohydrates;383
17.5;11.5. Digestion of Proteins;393
17.6;11.6. Digestion of Lipids and Phosphates;399
17.7;11.7. Microvillar Membranes;401
17.8;11.8. The Peritrophic Membrane;403
17.9;11.9. Organization of the Digestive Process;408
17.10;11.10. Digestive Enzyme Secretion Mechanisms;415
17.11;11.11. Concluding Remarks;417
17.12;Acknowledgments;417
17.13;References;417
18;12 Programmed Cell Death in Insects;430
18.1;12.1. Introduction;431
18.2;12.2. PCD, Apoptosis, Autophagy, or Necrosis?;431
18.3;12.3. Historical Overview and Current Trends;433
18.4;12.4. The Manduca Model;434
18.5;12.5. The Drosophila Model;442
18.6;12.6. Insights from Other Tissues;449
18.7;12.7. Summary and Conclusions;450
18.8;References;451
19;13 Regulation of Insect Development by TGF-ß Signaling;461
19.1;13.1. Overview and Components;461
19.2;13.2. Dpp, the BMP Pathway, and Gradients;465
19.3;13.3. Other Developmental Contexts and Regulation of BMPs;472
19.4;13.4. Activins and Non-Canonical TGF-ß Signaling;478
19.5;13.5. Evolution of TGF-ß Signaling in Insects;481
19.6;Acknowledgments;482
19.7;References;482
20;14 Insect Immunology;491
20.1;14.1. Introduction;491
20.2;14.2. Insect Immunology Background;491
20.3;14.3. PAMP-Recognition Proteins in Insect Immunology;492
20.4;14.4. Humoral Innate Immune Responses;494
20.5;14.5. Cellular Innate Immune Responses;508
20.6;14.6. Newly Emerging Topics in Insect Immunology;511
20.7;14.7. Conclusion;515
20.8;Acknowledgment;516
20.9;References;516
21;15 Molecular and Neural Control of Insect Circadian Rhythms;524
21.1;15.1. Introduction;524
21.2;15.2. The Drosophila Circadian Pacemaker;527
21.3;15.3. Input Pathways to the Drosophila Circadian Pacemaker;536
21.4;15.4. Neural Control of Drosophila Circadian Behavior;544
21.5;15.5. Control of Circadian Rhythms in Non-Drosophilid Insects;549
21.6;15.6. Conclusions;551
21.7;Acknowledgments;552
21.8;References;552
22;Index;564