Fougeron / Kuehnert / Imperio Laboratory Phonology 10

1. Auflage 2010
ISBN: 978-3-11-022491-7
Verlag: De Gruyter
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: Adobe DRM (»Systemvoraussetzungen)

E-Book, Englisch, Band 4-4, 809 Seiten

Reihe: Phonology and Phonetics [PP]

The present volume contains a selection of the papers and commentaries which were originally presented at the Tenth Conference of Laboratory Phonology (LabPhon10) held in Paris from June 29 to July 1, 2006. The theme of the volume is Variation, Phonetic Detail and Phonological Representation. It brings together specialists of different fields of speech research with the goal to discuss the relevance of patterns of variation and phonetic details on phonological representations and theories. The topic is addressed from the angles of speech production, perception, acquisition, speech disorders, and language universals. The contributions are grouped thematically in five sections, each of which is commented by invited discussants. Section I contains the contributions to the special '10th anniversary session' of the conference which represent in a prototypical way some of the different research questions that have been at the core of important debates over the last 20 years in the laboratory phonology community. Issues of phonological universals and language typology are addressed in section II. In section III, the notions of variation and phonetic detail are examined with regard to how they are acquired and dealt with in the formation of phonological representation in emerging systems. Section IV focuses on recent work at the crossroad between normal and disordered speech.

Zielgruppe

Phoneticians, Phonologists, as well as Advanced Students of Lingu

Autoren/Hrsg.

Fougeron, Cécile

Kuehnert, Barbara

Imperio, Mariapaola

Imperio, Mariapaola D´

Vallee, Nathalie

Fachgebiete

• Geisteswissenschaften Sprachwissenschaft Phonetik, Phonologie, Prosodie
• Geisteswissenschaften Sprachwissenschaft Sprachwissenschaften

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Contents;6
2;Introduction;10
3;Acknowledgements;15
4;List of contributors;16
5;Laboratory Phonology: Past successes and current questions, challenges, and goals;22
6;At the juncture of prosody, phonology, and phonetics – the interaction of phrasal and syllable structure in shaping the timing of consonant gestures;50
7;Geminates at the junction of phonetics and phonology;80
8;How abstract phonemic categories are necessary for coping with speaker-related variation;110
9;What is LabPhon? And where is it going?;132
10;Variation in co-variation: The search for explanatory principles;152
11;Tonal effects on perceived vowel duration;170
12;Mixed voicing word-initial onset clusters;188
13;Phonetically-based sound patterns: Typological tendencies or phonological universals?;220
14;Developing representations and the emergence of phonology: Evidence from perception and production;246
15;Phonological templates in early words;280
16;Constraints on the acquisition of variation;304
17;A psycholinguistic perspective on the acquisition of phonology;330
18;Hard-wired phonology: Limits and latitude of phonological variation in pathological speech;362
19;Representation and access in phonological impairment;400
20;Intonation structure and disfluency detection in stuttering;424
21;Prosodic structure and tongue twister errors;452
22;Commentary on papers:Variation at the crossroad between normal and disordered speech;480
23;Phonetic variation as communicative system: Perception of the particular and the abstract;498
24;Morphological effects on fine phonetic detail: The case of Dutch -igheid;530
25;The variability of early accent peaks in Standard German;552
26;Lexical and contextual predictability: Confluent effects on the production of vowels;576
27;Modeling listeners: Comments on Pluymaekers et al. and Scarborough;606
28;What is and what is not under the control of the speaker: Intrinsic vowel duration;626
29;Variation in overlap and phonological grammar in Moroccan Arabic clusters;676
30;Variability and homogeneity in American English /ô/ allophony and /s/ retraction;718
31;Compensation for assimilatory devoicing and prosodic structure in German fricative perception;750
32;Filling the perceptuo-motor gap;778
33;Subject index;806
34;Language index;810

Leseproben

Prosodic structure and tongue twister errors (p. 433-434)


Karen Croot, Claudia Au and Amy Harper

Two experiments investigated whether segmental speech errors in tongue twister production were associated with utterance-level prominence and prosodic phrase-initial position as described by an autosegmental metrical model of intonational phonology. In Experiment One, 40 undergraduate students produced words with confusable onset consonants (“tongue twister words”) in four-word lists under prominence conditions that varied the number and location of emphatically-produced words in the list. There was a three-way interaction between prominence condition, word position in the list, and format (ABBA versus ABAB ordering of onset consonants). In Experiment Two, 38 undergraduate students produced tongue-twister words with and without narrow informational focus in sentences. Onsets of tongue twister words with narrow focus were produced more accurately than onsets in unfocussed tongue twister words. Neighbourhood density of tongue twister words had no significant effect on error rate. Phrase-initial position yielded more errors than non-initial position, but was confounded with format (all tongue twister words occurred in ABBA format). Results suggest that information about utterance-level prominence and phrasing is available at the time of segment-to-frame association, consistent with the prosody-first account of phonological encoding proposed by Keating and Shattuck-Hufnagel (2002).

1. Introduction


An account of the psycholinguistic processes that occur during speech production must specify how the segmental content and prosodic structure of an utterance are integrated to produce the acoustic-phonetic properties of the speech signal (Shattuck-Hufnagel andTurk 1996). For several decades, researchers have analysed speech errors as a source of information about the subprocesses occurring within word-form and phonological encoding (Dell 1986; Stemberger 1992; Vitevitch 2002; Wilshire 1999). Speech error studies that systematically investigate prosodic factors may therefore inform theory about the integration of segmental and prosodic information during speech production. To date, however, only a small number of studies have investigated the relationship between prosodic factors and segmental errors (Frisch 2000; Goldstein, Pouplier, Chen, Saltzman, and Byrd 2007; MacKay 1971; Shattuck-Hufnagel 1983, 1992). The present paper reports two experiments in which the segmental speech errors elicited in a tongue twister task were influenced by prosodic organization.

1.1. Investigations of phonological encoding using segmental speech errors


Corpora of speech errors have been collected fromextensive samples of naturally- occurring speech (Shattuck-Hufnagel and Klatt 1979; Vousden, Brown, and Harley 2000), and using laboratory techniques including the SLIPs technique (Baars, Motley, and MacKay 1975; Pouplier 2007) and tongue twister tasks (e.g. Sevald and Dell 1994; Shattuck-Hufnagel 1992; Wilshire 1998, 1999). In SLIPs experiments, participants silently read pairs of words containing a repeating sequence of onset consonants (e.g. case tick; can tim; Pouplier 2007).

Über Autor(innen)

Cécile Fougeron and Barbara Kühnert, Laboratoire de Phonetique et Phonologie, Paris, France; Mariapaola D'Imperio, Laboratoire Parole et Langage, Aix-en-Provence, France; Nathalie Vallée, Gipsa-Lab, Grenoble, France.