Ferziger / Peric Computational Methods for Fluid Dynamics

Erscheinungsjahr 2012
ISBN: 978-3-642-97651-3
Verlag: Springer
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, 364 Seiten, eBook

Computational fluid dynamics, commonly known under the acronym 'CFD', is undergoing significant expansion in terms of both the number of courses offered at universities and the number of researchers active in the field. There are a number of software packages available that solve fluid flow problems; the market is not quite as large as the one for structural mechanics codes, in which the use of finite element methods is well established. The lag can be explained by the fact that CFD problems are, in general, more difficult to solve. However, CFD codes are slowly being accepted as design tools by industrial users. At present, users of CFD need to be fairly knowledgeable and this requires education of both students and working engineers. The present book is an attempt to fill this need. It is our belief that, to work in CFD, one needs a solid background in fluid mechanics and numerical analysis; significant errors have been made by peo ple lacking knowledge in one or the other. We therefore encourage the reader to obtain a working knowledge of these subjects before entering into a study of the material in this book. Because different people view numerical meth ods differently, and to make this work more self-contained, we have included two chapters on basic numerical methods in this book. The book is based on material offered by the authors in courses at Stanford University, the Uni versity of Erlangen-Niirnberg and the University of Hamburg.

Zielgruppe

Professional/practitioner

Autoren/Hrsg.

Ferziger, Joel H.

Peric, Milovan

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1. Basic Concepts of Fluid Flow.- 1.1 Introduction.- 1.2 Conservation Principles.- 1.3 Mass Conservation.- 1.4 Momentum Conservation.- 1.5 Conservation of Scalar Quantities.- 1.6 Dimensionless Form of Equations.- 1.7 Simplified Mathematical Models.- 1.8 Mathematical Classification of Flows.- 1.9 Plan of This Book.- 2. Introduction to Numerical Methods.- 2.1 Approaches to Fluid Dynamical Problems.- 2.2 What is CFD?.- 2.3 Possibilities and Limitations of Numerical Methods.- 2.4 Components of a Numerical Solution Method.- 2.5 Properties of Numerical Solution Methods.- 2.6 Discretization Approaches.- 3. Finite Difference Methods.- 3.1 Introduction.- 3.2 Basic Concept.- 3.3 Approximation of the First Derivative.- 3.4 Approximation of the Second Derivative.- 3.5 Approximation of Mixed Derivatives.- 3.6 Approximation of Other Terms.- 3.7 Implementation of Boundary Conditions.- 3.8 An Introduction to Spectral Methods.- 3.9 The Algebraic Equation System.- 3.10 Discretization Errors.- 3.11 Example.- 4. Finite Volume Methods.- 4.1 Introduction.- 4.2 Approximation of Surface Integrals.- 4.3 Approximation of Volume Integrals.- 4.4 Interpolation Practices.- 4.5 Deferred Correction.- 4.6 Implementation of Boundary Conditions.- 4.7 The Algebraic Equation System.- 4.8 Examples.- 5. Solution of Linear Equation Systems.- 5.1 Introduction.- 5.2 Direct Methods.- 5.3 Iterative Methods.- 5.4 Coupled Equations and Their Solution.- 5.5 Non-Linear Equations and their Solution.- 5.6 Convergence Criteria.- 5.7 Examples.- 6. Methods for Unsteady Problems.- 6.1 Introduction.- 6.2 Methods for Initial Value Problems in ODEs.- 6.3 Application to the Generic Transport Equation.- 6.4 Examples.- 7. Solution of the Navier-Stokes Equations.- 7.1 Special Features of the Navier-Stokes Equations.- 7.2 Choice of Variable Arrangement on the Grid.- 7.3 Calculation of the Pressure.- 7.4 Other Methods.- 7.5 Solution Methods for the Navier-Stokes Equations.- 7.6 Note on Pressure and Incompressibility.- 7.7 Boundary Conditions for the Navier-Stokes Equations.- 7.8 Examples.- 8. Complex Geometries.- 8.1 The Choice of Grid.- 8.2 Grid Generation.- 8.3 The Choice of Velocity Components.- 8.4 The Choice of Variable Arrangement.- 8.5 Finite Difference Methods.- 8.6 Finite Volume Methods.- 8.7 Control-Volume-Based Finite Element Methods.- 8.8 Pressure-Correction Equation.- 8.9 Axisymmetric Problems.- 8.10 Implementation of Boundary Conditions.- 8.11 Examples.- 9. Turbulent Flows.- 9.1 Introduction.- 9.2 Direct Numerical Simulation (DNS).- 9.3 Large Eddy Simulation (LES).- 9.4 RANS Models.- 9.5 Reynolds Stress Models.- 10. Compressible Flow.- 10.1 Introduction.- 10.2 Pressure-Correction Methods for Arbitrary Mach Number.- 10.3 Methods Designed for Compressible Flow.- 11. Efficiency and Accuracy Improvement.- 11.1 Multigrid Methods for Flow Calculation.- 11.2 Adaptive Grid Methods and Local Grid Refinement.- 11.3 Parallel Computing in CFD.- 12. Special Topics.- 12.1 Moving Grids.- 12.2 Free Surface Flows.- 12.3 Heat Transfer.- 12.4 Flow With Variable Fluid Properties.- 12.5 Meteorological and Oceanographic Applications.- 12.6 Combustion.- A. Appendeces.- A.1 List of Computer Codes and How to Access Them.- A.2 List of Frequently Used Abbreviations.