Stem Cell Bioprocessing

Erscheinungsjahr 2013
ISBN: 978-1-907568-88-6
Verlag: Elsevier Science & Technology

Buch, Englisch, 236 Seiten, Format (B × H): 165 mm x 244 mm, Gewicht: 496 g

Stem cell bioprocessing describes the main large-scale bioprocessing strategies for both stem cell culture and purification, envisaging the application of these cells for regenerative medicine and drug screening. Bioreactor configurations are described, including their applications for stem cell expansion, and stem cell separation techniques such as isolation and purification are discussed. Basic definitions are provided concerning the different types of stem cells, from adult stem cells to the more recent induced pluripotent stem cells. The main characteristics of these different stem cell types are described, alongside the molecular mechanisms underlying their self-renewal and differentiation. The book also focuses on methodologies currently used for in vitro stem cell culture under static conditions, including the challenge of xeno-free culture conditions, as well as culture parameters that influence stem cell culture. Approaches for both stem cell culture and separation in micro-scale conditions are presented, including the use of cellular microarrays for high-throughput screening of the effect of both soluble and extracellular matrix molecules. A further section is dedicated to application of stem cells for regenerative medicine.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Fernandes, Tiago G.

Diogo, M. Margardia

Cabral, Joaquim M.S.

Fachgebiete

• Medizin | Veterinärmedizin Medizin | Public Health | Pharmazie | Zahnmedizin Vorklinische Medizin: Grundlagenfächer Molekulare Medizin, Zellbiologie
• Technische Wissenschaften Verfahrenstechnik | Chemieingenieurwesen | Biotechnologie Biotechnologie Medizinische Biotechnologie
• Medizin | Veterinärmedizin Medizin | Public Health | Pharmazie | Zahnmedizin Medizin, Gesundheitswesen Biomedizin, Medizinische Forschung, Klinische Studien

Inhaltsverzeichnis

List of figures

List of tables

Acknowledgments

About the authors

Chapter 1: Characteristics of stem cells

Abstract:

1.1 Introduction

1.2 Stem cell specialization

1.3 Stem cell types and functions

1.4 Signaling dynamics and stem cell pluripotency

1.5 Novel technologies and clinical applications

1.6 References

Chapter 2: Stem cell culture: mimicking the stem cell niche in vitro

Abstract:

2.1 Introduction

2.2 Stem cell niches

2.3 Niche components and structures

2.4 Engineering the microenvironment

2.5 Conclusions and future directions

2.6 References

Chapter 3: Bioreactors for stem cell culture

Abstract:

3.1 Introduction

3.2 Stem cell isolation and characterization

3.3 Critical issues in stem cell bioprocess development

3.4 Bioreactor design and operation

3.5 Bioreactor configurations

3.6 Bioprocess monitoring and control

3.7 Stem cell cultivation in bioreactors

3.8 Conclusions and final remarks

3.9 References

Chapter 4: Stem cell separation

Abstract:

4.1 Introduction

4.2 Overview of cell separation techniques and strategies

4.3 Stem cell-based separation methods

4.4 Conclusions and future trends

4.5 References

Chapter 5: Microscale technologies for stem cell culture

Abstract:

5.1 Introduction

5.2 Types of microscale technologies

5.3 Microscale platforms for cell culture

5.4 High-throughput and combinatorial screening applications

5.5 Stem cell research

5.6 Conclusions and future trends

5.7 References

Chapter 6: Stem cells and regenerative medicine

Abstract:

6.1 Introduction

6.2 Sources of cells for regenerative medicine

6.3 Cell processing for regenerative medicine: regulatory guidelines

6.4 Regenerative medicine and cellular therapy applications

6.5 Conclusions and future developments

6.6 References

Conclusions

7.1 Concluding comments

7.2 References

Index

Über Autor(innen)

Fernandes, Tiago G.
Dr Tiago G. Fernandes is currently a Post-doctoral research fellow at the Institute for Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Lisbon, Portugal. His research interests are focused on the development of artificial cellular niches for studying the mechanisms that affect human stem cell pluripotency, and the cellular and molecular events that regulate stem cell functions. During his doctoral studies he also worked at the Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, NY, USA, in the development of microscale platforms for high-throughput studies of stem cell fate.

Cabral, Joaquim M.S.
Dr Joaquim M. S. Cabral is Professor of Biological Engineering, in the Department of Bioengineering at Instituto Superior Técnico (IST), Technical University of Lisbon, Portugal. He was the founder and current Head of Department of Bioengineering, and the Director of the Institute for Biotechnology and Bioengineering, a Research Laboratory Associated to the Ministry of Science, Technology and Higher Education in Portugal. His research aims at contributing to biochemical engineering science through novel developments in Bioprocess Engineering and Stem Cell Bioengineering.

Diogo, M. Margardia
Dr Maria Margarida Diogo received her PhD degree in Biotechnology from Instituto Superior Técnico (IST) from January 2000 to April 2004. Her thesis was dedicated to the development of Bioprocesses for Production and Purification of Plasmid DNA for Gene Therapy and DNA vaccines. As a result of this work, a United States Patent was published in 2007. From April 2004 to March 2008 she received a post-doctoral fellowship to work in the field of Stem Cell Bioengineering and she is presently a Research Scientist at the Stem Cell Bioengineering Laboratory at Instituto Superior Técnico (IST).

Dr. Tiago G. Fernandes is currently a Post-doctoral research fellow at the Institute for Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Lisbon, Portugal. His research interests are focused on the development of artificial cellular niches for studying the mechanisms that affect human stem cell pluripotency, and aim at contributing to a better understanding of the cellular and molecular events that regulate stem cell functions. During his doctoral studies he also worked at the Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, NY, USA, in the development of microscale platforms for high-throughput studies of stem cell fate. His work has earned him the prestigious Malcolm Lilly award, presented to a promising young scientist or engineer working in the biochemical engineering field, at the 7th European Symposium on Biochemical Engineering Science (2008). Dr. Fernandes is currently involved in several research projects financed by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT), as well as by the European Community, related to the development of different systems for pluripotent stem cell culture envisaging further applications in regenerative medicine and drug screening.

Dr. Maria Margarida Diogo received her PhD degree in Biotechnology from Instituto Superior Tecnico from January 2000 to April 2004. Her thesis was dedicated to the development of Bioprocesses for Production and Purification of Plasmid DNA for Gene Therapy and DNA vaccines. As a result of this work, a United States Patent was published in 2007. From April 2004 to March 2008 she received a post-doctoral fellowship to work in the field of Stem Cell Bioengineering and she is presently a Research Scientist at the Stem Cell Bioengineering Laboratory at Instituto Superior Tecnico. She is involved in several research projects financed by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) as well as by the European Community related to development of large-scale bioprocessing strategies for human Induced Pluripotent and Neural Stem Cell culture and purification envisaging further applications in regenerative medicine and drug screening. As a complementary approach, she is the Principal Investigator of a project for development of microscale technologies for stem cell culture.

Dr. Joaquim M. S. Cabral is Professor of Biological Engineering, in the Department of Bioengineering at Instituto Superior Tecnico (IST), Technical University of Lisbon, Portugal. He was the founder and current Head of Department of Bioengineering, and the Director of the Institute for Biotechnology and Bioengineering, a Research Laboratory Associated to the Ministry of Science, Technology and Higher Education in Portugal. He obtained his Diploma in Chemical Engineering from IST in 1976. His Ph.D. and 'Habilitation' degrees in Biochemical Engineering were obtained from IST in 1982 and 1988, respectively. After a post-doctoral study at Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1983-1984, he joined IST Faculty as Assistant Professor and became a Full Professor in 1992. Joaquim Cabral's research aims at contributing for biochemical engineering science through novel developments in Bioprocess Engineering and Stem Cell Bioengineering. Stem Cell Bioengineering interests address the ex-vivo expansion and controlled differentiation of stem cells in bioreactor systems, using Hematopoietic stem cells (HSC), mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) and embryonic stem cells (ESC) as model systems. He is member of several Editorial Boards of scientific journals and of Organizing and Scientific Committees of conferences in the areas of Biotechnology and Stem Cells, Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine. He has published over 370 research papers and co-authored or edited six books.

He was member of the Section on Applied Biocatalysis of European Federation of Biotechnology (EFB), since 1986 until 2005 and Chairman of this Section from 1991 until 1996. In 2005, he was nominated Honorary Member. He was also member of Execu