Arzt / Bronstein / Guitelman Pituitary Today II

New Molecular, Physiological and Clinical Aspects.
1. Auflage 2010
ISBN: 978-3-8055-9445-5
Verlag: S. Karger
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: Adobe DRM (»Systemvoraussetzungen)

E-Book, Englisch, Band 38, 228 Seiten

Reihe: Frontiers of Hormone Research

Function and disease of the pituitary gland have long been at the center of research interest. Based on a recent scientific meeting held in Angra dos Reis, Brazil, this volume of Frontiers of Hormone Research presents the latest research results: specialists from Latin and North America, Europe and Australia discuss in their contributions different aspects of pathogenesis, diagnostics and therapy of pituitary disease and pituitary tumors. Topics covered include pituitary cell development and organization in adult pituitary, tumorigenesis, prolactinomas, growth hormone and acromegaly, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, and Cushing disease.This update on basic and clinical pituitary research is essential reading for endocrinologists, neuroendocrinologists and neurosurgeons as well as researchers and biochemists interested in the different aspects of pituitary physiopathology.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Arzt, E.

Bronstein, M.

Guitelman, M.

Weitere Mitwirkende

Ghigo, E.

Guaraldi, F.

Fachgebiete

• Medizin | Veterinärmedizin Medizin | Public Health | Pharmazie | Zahnmedizin Klinische und Innere Medizin Neurologie, Klinische Neurowissenschaft
• Naturwissenschaften Biowissenschaften Zellbiologie
• Medizin | Veterinärmedizin Medizin | Public Health | Pharmazie | Zahnmedizin Vorklinische Medizin: Grundlagenfächer Physiologie
• Medizin | Veterinärmedizin Medizin | Public Health | Pharmazie | Zahnmedizin Klinische und Innere Medizin Endokrinologie

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Cover;1
2;Contents;6
3;Foreword;8
4;Preface;9
5;Cytokines and Genes in PituitaryTumorigenesis: RSUME Role in Cell Biology;11
5.1;Abstract;11
5.2;The gp130 Cytokines and Their Role in Pituitary;11
5.3;IL-6 Action in Pituitary Adenoma Growth;13
5.4;Cloning of Genes in Pituitary by mRNA Differential Display;13
5.5;RSUME Characterization and Function;14
5.6;Acknowledgements;15
5.7;References;15
6;Molecular Mechanisms of Pituitary Adenoma Senescence;17
6.1;Abstract;17
6.2;Cellular Senescence;18
6.3;Cellular Senescence Machinery;18
6.4;Pituitary Tumor Transforming Gene;19
6.5;Pituitary Tumor Senescence;20
6.6;References;23
7;Stem Cells, Differentiation and Cell Cycle Control in Pituitary;25
7.1;Abstract;25
7.2;Pituitary Stem Cells;25
7.3;Precursors and Differentiation;27
7.4;Cell Cycle Exit in Early Development;28
7.5;Blockade of Cell Cycle Re-Entry in Differentiated Cells;31
7.6;Independent Control of Differentiation and Cell Cycle;32
7.7;Perspective;32
7.8;Acknowledgements;33
7.9;References;33
8;Role of Estrogens in Anterior Pituitary Gland Remodeling during the Estrous Cycle;35
8.1;Abstract;35
8.2;Anterior Pituitary Cell Renewal;35
8.3;Mechanisms of Estradiol Action in Anterior Pituitary Cell Turnover;36
8.4;Rapid Actions of Estrogens in Anterior Pituitary Cells;37
8.5;Concluding Remarks;39
8.6;Acknowledgments;39
8.7;References;40
9;Hyperprolactinemia following Chronic Alcohol Administration;42
9.1;Abstract;42
9.2;Hyperprolactinemia in Humans and Animals;42
9.3;Alcohol Abuse and Hyperprolactinemia;43
9.4;Mechanism of Alcohol Action on Lactotropes;44
9.5;Conclusions;49
9.6;Acknowledgement;49
9.7;References;49
10;Experience from the Argentine Pegvisomant Observational Study: Preliminary Data;52
10.1;Abstract;52
10.2;Objective;53
10.3;Subjects and Methods;54
10.4;Results;55
10.5;Discussion;57
10.6;References;58
11;Gender Differences in Macroprolactinomas: Study of Clinical Features, Outcome of Patients and Ki-67 Expression in Tumor Tissue;60
11.1;Abstract;60
11.2;Subjects and Methods;61
11.3;Results;62
11.4;Discussion;64
11.5;Concluding Remarks;66
11.6;References;67
12;Neurotransmitter Modulation of the GHRH-GH Axis;69
12.1;Abstract;69
12.2;Dopamine and GHRH-GH Regulation;70
12.3;Dopamine in Acromegaly Treatment;71
12.4;Dopamine and Growth;71
12.5;The D2R Knockout Mouse, a Dwarf Mouse;72
12.6;Is There Any Clinical Significance to Our Findings?;76
12.7;Conclusions;77
12.8;Acknowledgements;77
12.9;References;77
13;iASPP: A Novel Protein Involved in Pituitary Tumorigenesis?;80
13.1;Abstract;80
13.2;P53 Tumor Supressor;81
13.3;ASPP Family;82
13.4;NFkappaB;83
13.5;iASPP in Pituitary Tumors;83
13.6;References;86
14;Familial Isolated Pituitary Adenoma: Evidence for Genetic Heterogeneity;87
14.1;Abstract;87
14.2;The 11q13 Locus and the AIP Gene;90
14.3;Additional Susceptibility Genes/loci for FIPA;91
14.4;Modifier Genes in AIP-Mutated Families;93
14.5;Conclusions;94
14.6;Acknowledgements;94
14.7;References;94
15;Serum Levels of 20K-hGH and 22K-hGH Isoforms in Acromegalic Patients;97
15.1;Abstract;97
15.2;Introduction;97
15.3;The 20K-hGH Isoform – Structure and Biological Function;98
15.4;Laboratory Measurement of Growth Hormone Isoforms;99
15.5;Growth Hormone Isoforms in Acromegaly;101
15.6;Conclusions;101
15.7;References;102
16;Pituitary Carcinomas;104
16.1;Abstract;104
16.2;Epidemiology;105
16.3;Pathogenesis;106
16.4;Markers of Tumor Aggressiveness;108
16.5;Diagnosis;109
16.6;Clinical Findings;110
16.7;Treatment;111
16.8;Conclusion;114
16.9;References;114
17;Modern Imaging of Pituitary Adenomas;119
17.1;Abstract;119
17.2;Magnetic Resonance Imaging;119
17.3;Imaging of Pituitary Adenomas;120
17.4;Postoperative Magnetic Resonance Imaging;123
17.5;Intraoperative MR Imaging;126
17.6;Differential Diagnosis;126
17.7;Computerized Tomography;128
17.8;SPECT/PET;128
17.9;Conclusions;129
17.10;References;129
18;Pathogenesis of Familial Acromegaly;131
18.1;Abstract;131
18.2;Isolated Familial Somatotropinoma: From Loss of Heterozygosity at Chromosome Region 11q13 to AIP Gene Mutation;132
18.3;The Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Interacting Protein (AIP) Gene;133
18.4;Clinical Features of Families with AIP Mutations;134
18.5;Conclusion;135
18.6;References;135
19;Functional Role of the RET DependenceReceptor, GFRa Co-Receptors and Ligands in the Pituitary;137
19.1;Abstract;137
19.2;RET Receptor, Its Co-Receptors and Its Ligands;137
19.3;GDNF/GFRa1/RET System in the Pituitary;138
19.4;RET as a Member of the Family of Dependence Receptors;140
19.5;To Die of Success: RET Kills through PIT Overexpression;141
19.6;Importance of the RET Pathway in vivo: RET KO Pituitary and Prevention of Tumor Growth;143
19.7;More Questions for Future Answers;144
19.8;Acknowledgements;146
19.9;References;147
20;Testing Growth Hormone Deficiency in Adults;149
20.1;Abstract;149
20.2;Conclusions;153
20.3;References;153
21;Serum Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 Measurement in the Diagnosis and Follow-up of Patients with Acromegaly: Preliminary Data;155
21.1;Abstract;155
21.2;Objective;157
21.3;Patients and Methods;157
21.4;Results;157
21.5;Discussion;158
21.6;References;160
22;Diagnosis of Cure in Cushing’s Syndrome: Lessons from Long-Term Follow-Up;162
22.1;Abstract;162
22.2;Retrospective Study of Morbidity and Mortality in Our Cohort of Cushing’s Syndrome;163
22.3;Prospective Case-Control Study of Our Patients with Cushing’s Syndrome;163
22.4;Health-Related Quality of Life in Patients with Cushing’s Syndrome;165
22.5;Conclusions;166
22.6;Acknowledgements;166
22.7;References;166
23;Novel Medical Therapies for Pituitary Tumors;168
23.1;Abstract;168
23.2;Treatment of Non-Lactotroph Pituitary Tumors with Dopamine Agonists;169
23.3;Novel Somatostatin Analogues in Pituitary Tumor Treatment;169
23.4;Novel Treatment Options in Cushing’s Disease: Retinoic Acid and Interferon-Gamma;171
23.5;Conclusion and Perspectives;172
23.6;References;172
24;Medical Therapy of Cushing’s Disease: Where Are We Now?;175
24.1;Abstract;175
24.2;Inhibitors of Cortisol Secretion;176
24.3;Inhibition of Cortisol Function-Glucocorticoid Antagonist;178
24.4;Neuromodulatory Compounds and Ligands of Different Nuclear Hormone Receptors;178
24.5;Conclusions;180
24.6;References;181
25;Optimizing Acromegaly Treatment;184
25.1;Abstract;184
25.2;Dopamine Agonists;185
25.3;Somatostatin Analogs;186
25.4;Growth Hormone Receptor Antagonist;186
25.5;Optimizing Acromegaly Treatment;187
25.6;Combined Somatostatin Analogs/Pegvisomant Therapy;187
25.7;Combined Somatostatin Analogs/Cabergoline Therapy;188
25.8;Somatostatin Analogs and Partial Tumor Removal;189
25.9;Conclusion;191
25.10;References;191
26;Vasoinhibins and the Pituitary Gland;194
26.1;Abstract;194
26.2;Vasoinhibins;195
26.3;Anterior Pituitary Vasoinhibins;195
26.4;Posterior Pituitary Vasoinhibins;196
26.5;Conclusions and Perspectives;197
26.6;Acknowledgements;197
26.7;References;197
27;Multiple Sources of Information for the Hypothalamus;200
27.1;Abstract;200
27.2;Sleep;200
27.3;Smell and Metabolism;201
27.4;Taste;202
27.5;References;204
28;New Insights in Ghrelin Orexigenic Effect;206
28.1;Abstract;206
28.2;Ghrelin Peptide in the Control of Food Intake and Body Weight Homeostasis;206
28.3;Ghrelin Acts on the Hypothalamus Regulating Food-Intake through the GHS-R1a;207
28.4;Ghrelin Effects on Food Intake Are Mediated by the Orexigenic Neuropeptides NPY and AgRP;207
28.5;Transcription Factor Bsx Is Regulated by Ghrelin;209
28.6;Ghrelin Influences Hypothalamic Lipid Metabolism;209
28.7;Concluding Remarks;211
28.8;Acknowledgements;212
28.9;References;212
29;Ghrelin and Anterior Pituitary Function;216
29.1;Abstract;216
29.2;Growth Hormone-Releasing Action;217
29.3;Prolactin- and Corticotrophin-Releasing Actions;218
29.4;Inhibitory Action of Ghrelin on Gonadotropin Secretion;218
29.5;References;219
30;Author Index;222
31;Subject Index;224