Alfinito / Pousset / Reggiani Proteotronics

Development of Protein-Based Electronics
Erscheinungsjahr 2015
ISBN: 978-981-4613-64-4
Verlag: Pan Stanford Publishing
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: Adobe DRM (»Systemvoraussetzungen)

E-Book, Englisch, 280 Seiten

Protein-mediated charge transport is of relevant importance in the design of protein-based electronics and in attaining an adequate level of understanding of protein functioning. This is particularly true in the case of transmembrane proteins, such as those pertaining to the G protein–coupled receptors (GPCRs) that are involved in a broad range of biological processes, and a large number of clinically used drugs that elicit their biological effects via a GPCR.

This book aims to review a variety of experiments devoted to the investigation of charge transport in proteins and present a unified theoretical model to interpret macroscopic results in terms of the amino-acid backbone structure of a single protein. The purpose of this book is to serve a broad audience of researchers involved in the field of electrical characterization of biological materials and in the development of new molecular devices based on proteins, such as nanometric biological sensors of new generation. The book serves as a reference platform as it surveys the existing data and presents the basis for future development of a new branch of nanoelectronics, called proteotronics, which is formed by mixing proteomics—which is the large-scale study of proteins, particularly their structures and functions— and electronics. The main objective of proteotronics is to propose and develop innovative electronic devices that are based on the selective action of specific proteins.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Alfinito, Eleonora

Pousset, Jeremy

Reggiani, Lino

Fachgebiete

• Naturwissenschaften Physik Physik Allgemein
• Technische Wissenschaften Verfahrenstechnik | Chemieingenieurwesen | Biotechnologie Biotechnologie Medizinische Biotechnologie
• Technische Wissenschaften Elektronik | Nachrichtentechnik Elektronik

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Preface

Introduction

General on Proteins

Structural Properties

Structure Levels

Protein Folding

Experimental Techniques to Investigate Structure and Functions of Proteins

Classification of Proteins

Sensing Proteins

Type-One Opsins

G-Protein Coupled Receptors

GPCR Activation Models

Structure and Sensing Action

Electrical Characterization

Main Properties of Investigated Proteins

Electrical Properties: Experiments

General

Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy

Model Lipid Bilayer

Immobilization of GPCRs

Experimental Results

Carbon Nanotube Field-Effect-Transistor

Metal-Protein-Metal Structure: Thin Film Technique

Metal-Protein-Metal Structure: Nanolayer Technique

Atomic Force Microscopy Technique

Electrical Properties: Theory

Theoretical Model

Impedance Random Network

Electrical Properties of a Single Protein

Network Properties of the Protein Under Test

Calculation of a Single-Protein Molecular Volume

Conformational Process: General

Conformation Process: Coordinate Model

Conformation Process: Length Model

Topological Investigation

Resistance and Impedance Spectrum

Random Fluctuations in the Impedance Network

Dynamic Fluctuations of the Impedance Network: Oscillator Models

Classical Harmonic Oscillator

Link oscillation model

Node Oscillation Model

Results on Average Quantities

Variance of Impedance Fluctuations

Quantum Harmonic Oscillator

Current-Voltage Characteristics

Bacteriorhodopsin as Testing Prototype

Modeling

Topological Properties

Current–Voltage Characteristics

Scaling and Universality of High-Field Conductance in Bacteriorhodopsin Monolayers

Global Quantities

Generalized Gumbel Distributions

Discussion

Conclusion

Survey of Other Proteins

Proteorhodopsin

Modeling

Topological Properties

Experiments

A Comparative Analysis of Proteorhodopsin and Bacteriorhodopsin Electrical Properties

Protein Resistance

Small-signal electrical properties

Current–voltage characteristics

Conclusion

Bovine Rhodopsin

Modeling

Engineering of Bovine Rhodopsin Spatial Structure

Small-Signal Electrical Properties

Current–Voltage Characteristics

Conclusion

Rat OR-I7

Modeling

Topological Properties

Small-Signal Electrical Properties

Current–Voltage Characteristics

Conclusion

Human OR 17-40

Modeling

Topological Properties

Protein Resistance

Small-Signal Electrical Properties

Conclusion

OR 7D4

Modeling

Topological Properties

Protein Resistance

Small-Signal Electrical Properties

Conclusion

Human OR 2AG1

Modeling

Topological Properties

Protein Resistance

Small-Signal Electrical Properties

Conclusion

Canine Cf OR 5269

Modeling

Topological Properties

Protein Resistance

Small-Signal Electrical Properties

Conclusion

Azurin

Modeling

Topological Properties

Protein Resistance

Current–Voltage Characteristics

Conclusion

AChE

Modeling

Topological Properties

Small-Signal Electrical Properties

Conclusion

Conclusion and Perspectives

Appendix: Computational Details

Calculation of Small-Signal Impedance Spectrum

Analysis of the Protein Equivalent Circuit Obtained from Calculations of Bovinerhodopsin and AChE

Calculations of Intrinsic Fluctuations of the Single-Protein Impedance Due to the Presence of Defects

Calculations of Intrinsic Fluctuations of the Single-Protein Impedance due to Thermal Fluctuations

Calculations of Static High-Field Current–Voltage Characteristics

Inclusion of the Fowler–Nordheim Tunneling Mechanism

List of acronyms

Bibliography

Index

Über Autor(innen)

Eleonora Alfinito is a researcher in condensed matter physics at the Salento, University of Lecce, Italy. Her research activity involves quantum field theory, physics of matter, and mathematical physics. Currently, the main areas of her interest are the electrical properties of biological matter, particularly proteins, and the statistical characterization of electrical fluctuations. She has authored and coauthored over 70 publications in internationally peer-reviewed journals.

Jeremy Pousset is a researcher at the Institute for Microelectronics and Microsystem of the National Research Council, Lecce, Italy. He received his PhD in electronics from the University of Montpellier 2, France, in 2008, and his research activity was devoted to the problem of terahertz plasma waves in nanodevices and the development of Monte Carlo codes. He has also been involved in the investigation of the electron transport modelling of biological matter. Currently, he is working on the electrical characterization of organic materials. He has authored and coauthored over 20 publications in internationally peer-reviewed journals.

Lino Reggiani is a full professor in physics of matter at the Salento University of Lecce, Italy, where he is carrying out a research activity devoted to the study of electrical properties and fluctuations to characterize materials and devices to be used in nano-electronics and in the development of sensors. He has authored and coauthored over 500 scientific publications in internationally peer-reviewed journals. He is author of the book Hot Carrier Transport in Semiconductors, published by Springer Verlag, Heidelberg (1985).