Abrantes / Ural Innovative Housing Practices

Better Housing Through Innovative Technology and Financing
1. Auflage 2014
ISBN: 978-1-4832-9731-6
Verlag: Elsevier Science & Techn.
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, 378 Seiten, Web PDF

The 53 papers contained in this volume reflect the aims of the International Association for Housing Science which are to improve every phase of housing technology and production particularly through new urban planning, new designs, new materials, new technological and management developments and innovative financing. Emphasis is placed on the application of all these aspects to developing countries although there is much to interest professionals in the developed world.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Abrantes, Vitor

Ural, Oktay

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Front Cover;1
2;Innovative Housing Practics: Better Housing Through
Innovative Technologies and Financing;4
3;Copyright Page;5
4;Table of Contents;6
5;IAHS 89: Organisation and committees;10
6;Preface;11
7;PART 1: HOW URBAN REGIONAL PLANNING CAN REDUCE HOUSING COSTS - Infrastructure cost study
- Building sites cost analysis
- Urban transport cost analysis;12
7.1;Chapter 1. Quick Process for Evaluating the Cost of Infrastructures in Land Lot Divisions;14
7.1.1;SUMMARY;14
7.1.2;KEYWORDS;14
7.1.3;INTRODUCTION;15
7.1.4;METHODOLOGY FOR CALCULATION OF COST OF INFRASTRUCTURES;15
7.1.5;MODEL FOR RECORDING AND PROCESSING INFORMATION ON LAND LOT DIVISIONS;16
7.1.6;GATHERING OF INFORMATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF THE LAND-LOT DIVISIONS OF THE SAMPLE;18
7.1.7;SYNTHESIS OF THE STATISTICAL ANALYSIS;18
7.1.8;CONCLUSIONS;20
7.1.9;REFERENCES;20
7.2;Chapter 2. Qualitative Aspects of Common Outdoor Space in Residential Area;22
7.2.1;ABSTRACT;22
7.2.2;KEYWORDS;22
7.2.3;INTRODUCTION;22
7.2.4;ON ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY;23
7.2.5;THE COMPONENTS OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY;24
7.2.6;CASE STUDY;24
7.2.7;CONCLUSION;27
7.2.8;REFERENCES;27
7.3;Chapter 3. Impediments to Affordable Housing;28
7.3.1;ABSTRACT;28
7.3.2;KEYWORDS;28
7.3.3;INTRODUCTION;29
7.3.4;IMPEDIMENTS IN DEVELOPED COUNTRIES;29
7.3.5;IMPEDIMENTS IN LESSER DEVELOPED COUNTRIES;32
7.3.6;CONCLUSION;33
7.3.7;REFERENCES;33
7.4;Chapter 4. Design Quality in Private Redevelopment of Urban Neighborhoods;34
7.4.1;ABSTRACT;34
7.4.2;KEYWORDS;34
7.4.3;DEVELOPERS ROLE IN HOUSING REHABILITATION;34
7.4.4;POPULATION;35
7.4.5;METHODOLOGY;35
7.4.6;RESULTS;36
7.4.7;CONCLUDING REMARKS;37
7.4.8;REFERENCES;37
7.5;Chapter 5. Modelling Building Locations in Urban Development of Developing Countries;38
7.5.1;ABSTRACT;38
7.5.2;INTRODUCTION;38
7.5.3;HOUSING SYSTEMS MODELS;39
7.5.4;CONCLUSIONS;43
7.5.5;REFERENCES;43
7.6;Chapter 6. Infrastructure Financing vs Affordable Housing;44
7.6.1;ABSTRACT;44
7.6.2;INFRASTRUCTURE FINANCING;44
7.6.3;THE NATURE OF IMPACT FEES;45
7.6.4;THE DEVELOPMENT OF IMPACT FEES;46
7.6.5;THE SETTING OF IMPACT FEES;47
7.6.6;THE EFFECT OF IMPACT FEES ON LOW INCOME HOUSING;47
7.6.7;ALTERNATIVES TO IMPACT FEES;48
7.6.8;BORROWING TO PAY FOR INFRASTRUCTURE;48
7.6.9;COMBINATIONS OF IMPACT FEES AND TAX INCREMENTS;49
7.6.10;CONCLUSIONS;50
7.6.11;REFERENCES;51
7.7;Chapter 7. Study of Infrastructure Cost in Relation to F.S.I.;52
7.7.1;ABSTRACT;52
7.7.2;KEYWORDS;52
7.7.3;INTRODUCTION;52
7.7.4;OBJECTIVES AND METHODOLOGY OF THE STUDY;53
7.7.5;COST ECONOMICS OF INFRASTRUCTURE;53
7.7.6;CONCLUSION;57
7.7.7;REFERENCES;57
7.8;Chapter 8. Effective Cost Saving Methods for Buildings;58
7.8.1;ABSTRACT;58
7.8.2;KEYWORDS;58
7.8.3;INTRODUCTION;58
7.8.4;COST CONSTRAINTS;59
7.8.5;RESOURCE PLANNING;60
7.8.6;RECOMMENDATIONS;64
7.8.7;REFERENCES;65
7.9;Chapter 9. Towards Affordable Shelters and Environs;66
7.9.1;ABSTRACT;66
7.9.2;KEYWORDS;66
7.9.3;INTRODUCTION;66
7.9.4;HOW NOT TO SHELTER - ON THE DEFICIENCIES OF CURRENT TRENDS, WITH REFERENCE TO EGYPT;67
7.9.5;TOWARDS AFFORDABLE SHELTER AND ENVIRONSCONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS;71
7.9.6;REFERENCES;73
7.10;Chapter 10. The Purposes and Proposals in Housing Policy in Turkey;74
7.10.1;ABSTRACT;74
7.10.2;KEYWORDS;74
7.10.3;THE PURPOSES AND PROPOSALS IN HOUSING POLICY IN TURKEY;74
7.10.4;REFERENCES;79
7.11;Chapter 11. Microcomputer Model 'Shelter' for Planning of Housing Strategies;80
7.11.1;ABSTRACT;80
7.11.2;KEYWORDS;80
7.11.3;BACKGROUND TO STRATEGIC PLANNING IN THE SHELTER SECTOR;81
7.11.4;PURPOSE AND APPROACH OF SHELTER;81
7.11.5;USE OF SHELTER;82
7.11.6;STRUCTURE OF SHELTER;83
7.11.7;CONCLUSIONS;85
7.11.8;REFERENCES;85
7.12;Chapter 12. Mass Housing Versus Sites and Services Schemes for Low Income Groups;86
7.12.1;ABSTRACT;86
7.12.2;KEYWORDS;86
7.12.3;INTRODUCTION;86
7.12.4;DESCRIPTION AND ANALYSIS OF GOVERNMENTAL HOUSING PROJECTS;87
7.12.5;DESCRIPTION AND ANALYSIS OF INFORMAL HOUSING PROJECTS;88
7.12.6;THE INTERFACE BETWEEN PUBLIC HOUSING AND INFORMAL SCHEMES FOR LOW INCOME GROUPS;89
7.12.7;SITE AND SERVICES SCHEMES FOR LOW INCOME GROUPS;90
7.12.8;CONCLUSION;91
7.12.9;REFERENCES;91
7.13;Chapter 13. Infrastructure Costs for Roads and Railways;92
7.13.1;ABSTRACT;92
7.13.2;KEYWORDS;92
7.13.3;INFRASTRUCTURE IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES;92
7.13.4;DESIGN PARAMETERS;93
7.13.5;LAND COMMUNICATION NETWORK;94
7.13.6;ENVIRONMENT;94
7.13.7;CONSTRUCTIVE WORKS OF A RAILROAD;95
7.14;Chapter 14. The Role of Wantok in Housing the Squatters in Papua New Guinea;96
7.14.1;AN ABSTRACT;96
7.14.2;KEYWORDS;96
7.14.3;INTRODUCTION;96
7.14.4;WHAT IS A 'WANTOK' SYSTEM?;97
7.14.5;THE WANTOK SYSTEM IN TEE MELANESIAN CULTURE;97
7.14.6;THE WANTOK SYSTEM IN URBAN HOUSING IN PAPUA NEW GUINEA;97
7.14.7;TWO CASE STUDIES;98
7.14.8;THE WMWOK SYSTEM IN BUMBU SETTLEMENT;98
7.14.9;THE WANTOK SYSTEM IN SARAGA SETTLEMENT;99
7.14.10;CCNCUUSICN;100
7.14.11;REFERENCE;101
7.15;Chapter 15. Evaluation of Low-income Housing in the United States of America: A Case Study - Implications for Future Design;102
7.15.1;ABSTRACT;102
7.15.2;KEYWORDS;102
7.15.3;INTRODUCTION;102
7.15.4;DESIGN;103
7.15.5;OPERATION AND MANAGEMENT;105
7.15.6;CONCLUSION;106
7.16;Chapter 16. Cukurova Region (Turkey) Urban Development Project;108
7.16.1;ABSTRACT;108
7.16.2;KEYWORDS;108
7.16.3;DESCRIPTION OF THE AREA;109
7.16.4;CUKUROVA REGION;109
7.16.5;POPULATION FORECASTS;110
7.16.6;ISKENDERUN;111
7.16.7;TARSUS;112
7.16.8;CEYHAN;112
7.16.9;NETWORKS;114
7.16.10;OPERATIONS AND MAINTENANCE;114
7.16.11;POLLUTION IMPACT ON RECEIVING WATERS;115
7.16.12;COMPARISON OF WASTE WATER DISPOSAL SYSTEMS;115
7.16.13;ALTERNATIVE METHOD OF TREATMENT PRESENT VALUE (MTL);115
7.16.14;CONCLUSION;117
7.16.15;REFERENCES;117
7.17;Chapter 17. Urban Regional Planning and Housing Cost;118
7.17.1;ABSTRACT;118
7.17.2;KEYWORDS;118
7.17.3;INTRODUCTION;118
7.17.4;URBANISATION - INDIAN SCENE;118
7.17.5;PRESSURE ON URBAN LAND;119
7.17.6;URBAN REGIONAL PLANNING AND THE COST OF HOUSING;121
7.17.7;CONCLUSION;121
7.17.8;REFERENCES;122
7.18;Chapter 18. Differences Between Responses of the inhabitant and Design Groups to Different Landscape Types: Case Study - Ayvalik, Turkey;124
7.18.1;ABSTRACT;124
7.18.2;KEY WORDS;124
7.18.3;INTRODUCTION;124
7.18.4;MATERIAL AND METHOD;125
7.18.5;EVALUATION;126
7.18.6;REMARKS;128
7.18.7;REFERENCES;129
7.19;Chapter 19. Innovation in the Siting of Low Income Housing for Improved Human Comfort;130
7.19.1;ABSTRACT;130
7.19.2;KEYWORDS;130
7.20;Chapter 20. The Mobilisation of Self-help in the Provision of Housing: the Case of Old Naledi in Botswana;136
7.20.1;ABSTRACT;136
7.20.2;KEYWORDS;136
7.20.3;INTRODUCTION;136
7.20.4;URBANISATION;137
7.20.5;HOUSING POLICIES AND STRATEGIES;137
7.20.6;NALEDI;139
7.20.7;UPGRADING OLD NALEDI;140
7.20.8;CONCLUSION;142
7.20.9;REFERENCES;143
7.21;Chapter 21. Proposals for Two Different Kinds of Obsolete Sites in Istanbul;144
7.21.1;ABSTRACT;144
7.21.2;KEYWORDS;144
7.21.3;INTRODUCTION;144
7.21.4;THE ENVIRONMENTS;144
7.21.5;THE COMMUNITIES;146
7.21.6;THE ENVIRONMENT AND COMMUNITY RELATIONS;147
7.21.7;ISTANBUL'S DEVELOPMENT;148
7.21.8;PROPOSALS;148
7.21.9;REFERENCES;149
8;PART 2: HOW NEW DESIGNS CAN ENHANCE THE QUALITY AND COST PERFORMANCE OF HOUSING - New materials
- Local materials
- Innovative architecture;150
8.1;Chapter 1. Applications of Fibre-glass Reinforced Plastics in Building and Construction Industry;152
8.1.1;ABSTRACT;152
8.1.2;KEYWORDS;152
8.1.3;INTRODUCTION;152
8.1.4;DEVELOPMENTS IN PLASTIC HOUSING;153
8.1.5;STRUCTURAL FORMS OF "FRP" FOR BUILDINGS;153
8.1.6;APPLICATIONS OF "FRP" IN CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY;154
8.1.7;ADVANTAGES OF "FRP";155
8.1.8;RAW MATERIALS REQUIRED FOR "FRP";156
8.1.9;TECHNOLOGY OF FABRICATION;156
8.1.10;CONCLUSIONS;157
8.1.11;REFERENCES;157
8.2;Chapter 2. Earthquake Resistant Brick Design;158
8.2.1;ABSTRACT;158
8.2.2;INTRODUCTION;158
8.2.3;PRINCIPLES OF STRUCTURAL PLANNING;160
8.2.4;DESIGN OF STRUCTURAL UNITS;160
8.2.5;CONCLUSIONS;162
8.2.6;REFERENCES;163
8.3;Chapter 3. Estudo de Isolants Termicos a Granel;164
8.3.1;SUMÁRIO;164
8.3.2;CONSIDERA.ÕES GERAIS;164
8.3.3;ISOLANTES TÉRMICOS A GRANEL E SOLU.ÕES CONSTRUTIVAS;165
8.3.4;ESTUDO S0BRE ISOLANTES A GRANEL;166
8.3.5;CONSIDERA.ÕES FINAIS;168
8.3.6;BIBLIOGRAFIA;169
8.4;Chapter 4. Confined Masonry and Concrete Frame Buildings Structures: a Cost Comparison;170
8.4.1;ABSTRACT;170
8.4.2;KEYWORDS;170
8.4.3;INTRODUCTION;170
8.4.4;CONFINED MASONRY STRUCTURAL SOLUTION;172
8.4.5;STRUCTURAL FRAME SOLUTION;173
8.4.6;COST COMPARAISON;174
8.4.7;CONCLUSIONS;174
8.4.8;REFERENCES;175
8.5;Chapter 5. Local Materials in the Productive Trade Use of the 'Pugliese Calcareous Tufa';176
8.5.1;ABSTRACT;176
8.5.2;KEYWORDS;176
8.5.3;INTRODUCTION;176
8.5.4;LOCAL MATERIALS AND EXTRACTION ACTIVITIES;177
8.5.5;CLASSIFICATION OF THE MAIN VARIETIES OF "TUFA";177
8.5.6;RESEARCH AND EXPERIMENTAL ASPECTS;179
8.5.7;REFERENCES;182
8.6;Chapter 6. Proposal for an Innovative Structure in Middle Anatolian Vernacular Houses;184
8.6.1;ABSTRACT;184
8.6.2;KEYWORDS;184
8.6.3;THE SETTLEMENT AREA;184
8.6.4;ENVIRONMENTAL CONTINUITY;185
8.6.5;TRADITIONAL HOUSINC TYPOLOGY;186
8.6.6;PROPOSAL FOR AN INNOVATIVE STRUCTURE;188
8.6.7;CONCLUSION;190
8.6.8;REFERENCES;191
8.7;Chapter 7. Reducing Housing Costs: Design and Construction to Prevent Home Moisture Damage;192
8.7.1;ABSTRACT;192
8.7.2;KEYWORDS;192
8.7.3;INTRODUCTION;192
8.7.4;METHODS;193
8.7.5;RESULTS;194
8.7.6;DISCUSSION;195
8.7.7;CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS;196
8.7.8;REFERENCES;197
8.8;Chater 8. Traditional Housing Patterns in Saudi Arabia: Lessons for Contemporary Planning and Design Practice;198
8.8.1;ABSTRACT;198
8.8.2;KEYWORDS;198
8.8.3;INTRODUCTION;199
8.8.4;CHARACTERISTICS OF ISLAM AND THE TRADITIONAL PATTERNS OF HOUSING;199
8.8.5;LESSONS FOR CONTEMPORARY HOUSING;201
8.8.6;REFERENCES;204
8.9;Chapter 9. An Innovative Way of Housing Design and Construction for a Historical Environment;206
8.9.1;ABSTRACT;206
8.9.2;KEYWORDS;206
8.9.3;INTRODUCTION;206
8.9.4;OBSERVATIONS ON THE TRADITIONAL ANTOLIAN ARCHITECTURE;207
8.9.5;SUGGESTED "INNOVATIVE WAY" (IW);210
8.9.6;CONCLUSIONS;212
8.9.7;REFERENCES;212
8.10;Chapter 10. An Appraisal Approach for the Existing Dwellings in Use;214
8.10.1;ABSTRACT;214
8.10.2;KEYWORDS;214
8.10.3;INTRODUCTION;214
8.10.4;DESCRIPTION OF THE MODEL;215
8.10.5;CONCLUSIONS;218
8.10.6;REFERENCES;219
8.11;Chapter 11. Improving Housing Quality Through Thermal Regulations;222
8.11.1;ABSTRACT;222
8.11.2;KEYWORDS;222
8.11.3;INTRODUCTION;222
8.11.4;THE PROPOSED PORTUGUESE THERMAL REGULATIONS;225
8.11.5;CONCLUSIONS;227
8.11.6;REFERENCES;227
8.12;Chapter 12. Performance of Housing Contacts in the Republic of Singapore;228
8.12.1;ABSTRACT;228
8.12.2;KEYWORDS;228
8.12.3;INTRODUCTION;228
8.12.4;CHARACTERISTICS OF ORGANIZATION;229
8.12.5;CHARACTERISTICS OF THE PROJECTS INVESTIGATED;229
8.12.6;PERFORMANCE PARAMETERS;229
8.12.7;CONCLUSIONS;232
8.12.8;REFERENCES;233
8.13;Chapter 13. New Strategy of Architectural Programming for Housing in Developing Regions;234
8.13.1;ABSTRACT;234
8.13.2;KEYWORDS;234
8.13.3;INTRODUCTION;234
8.13.4;A MODEL OF THE EVOLUTION OF HOUSEHOLDS AS A PATTERN FOR THE PROGRAMMING OF HOUSING;235
8.13.5;PROGRAMMING THE NEEDS OE FLOOR AREA;238
8.13.6;CONCLUSIONS;239
8.14;Chapter 14. Modular Systems Towards Third Wave Architecture;240
8.14.1;ABSTRACT;240
8.14.2;KEY WORDS;240
8.14.3;INTRODUCTION;240
8.14.4;GENERAL;241
8.14.5;CONCEPTION AND FUNCTIONING;242
8.14.6;POSSIBLE USES;244
8.14.7;REFERENCES;245
8.15;Chapter 15. Casa Tubular: a New Design to Enhance the Quality and Cost Performance of Architectural Medium Density Housing;246
8.15.1;Abstract;246
8.15.2;Summary of Prior Investigations;246
8.15.3;Concept Description of the Design for Tubular Dwelling Construction;247
8.15.4;Description of the Drawings;248
8.15.5;Analysis of the Design;248
8.15.6;Modular Unit 10;248
8.15.7;Conclusions;250
9;PART 3: HOW INNOVATIVE CONSTRUCTIONS CAN REDUCE HOUSING COSTS - Technological Developments
- Building Management;254
9.1;Chapter 1. Soil Improvement Techniques for Housing Development Projects;256
9.1.1;ABSTRACT;256
9.1.2;INTRODUCTION;256
9.1.3;DESIGNING IMPROVEMENT;257
9.1.4;DESIGN EXAMPLE;258
9.1.5;CONCLUSIONS;259
9.1.6;REFERENCES;259
9.2;Chapter 2. Costs of No-quality in Construction;264
9.2.1;ABSTRACT;264
9.2.2;KEYWORDS;264
9.2.3;COSTS OF NO-QUALITY;265
9.2.4;WHY USE CNQ?;267
9.2.5;CNQ LIMITATIONS (Harrington, H. J., 1987);267
9.2.6;REFERENCES;267
9.3;Chapter 3. Seismic Resistant Low-cost Masonry Buildings in Peru;270
9.3.1;ABSTRACT;270
9.3.2;KEYWORDS;270
9.3.3;THE PROBLEM;270
9.3.4;THE SOLUTION;272
9.3.5;THE TECHNOLOGY;273
9.3.6;SOME ASPECTS OF THE TECHNOLOGICAL PROCESS;275
9.3.7;CONCLUSIONS;275
9.4;Chapter 4. Reducing Costs Through Concrete Quality Control;276
9.4.1;ABSTRACT;276
9.4.2;KEYWORDS;276
9.4.3;CONCRETE DURABILITY;277
9.4.4;DEGRADATION SYMPTOMS;280
9.4.5;REHABILITATION;280
9.4.6;CONCLUSION;281
9.4.7;REFERENCES;281
9.5;Chapter 5. Habitacao Inteligente: um Exemplo;282
9.5.1;RESUMO;282
9.5.2;PALAVRAS CHAVE – KEYWORDS;282
9.5.3;1.– INTR0DUCA0;282
9.5.4;2.– FUNCOES AUTOREGULADAS;284
9.5.5;3.– DISPOSITIVOS DO EDIFICIO INTELIGENTE;286
9.5.6;4.– TIPOS DE CONTROLE;290
9.6;Chapter 6. Technology versus Development;292
9.7;Chapter 7. Building Defects in Equatorial Climates;296
9.7.1;ABSTRACT;296
9.7.2;INTRODUCTION;296
9.7.3;PROBLEMS WITH CONCRETES IN EQUATORIAL CLIMATES;297
9.7.4;SPECIAL PRECAUTIONS IN TILING OF OUTSIDE WALLS;298
9.7.5;DEFECTS IN PAINTWORKS;298
9.7.6;PREVENTION OF RAIN PENETRATION;299
9.7.7;PROBLEMS WITH THE USE OF GLASS IN EQUATORIAL CLIMATES;300
9.7.8;DETERIORATION OF PLASTICS;300
9.7.9;CORROSION OF METALS;301
9.7.10;CONDENSATION PROBLEM;301
9.7.11;REFERENCES;301
9.8;Chapter 8. The Use of Timber in Self-help Affordable Housing;302
9.8.1;ABSTRACT;302
9.8.2;KEYWORDS;302
9.8.3;1. DEFINITION OF SELF-HELP;303
9.8.4;2. TYPES OF SELF-HELP HOUSING;303
9.8.5;3.PRINCIPLES;305
9.8.6;4.PHASES OF THE SELF-HELP PROCESS;306
9.8.7;5.INDIVIDUALITY AND CHOICE;309
9.8.8;6.THE SYSTEM DESCRIBED;309
9.9;Chapter 9. Housing with No-fines Concrete in Developing Countries;318
9.9.1;ABSTRACT;318
9.9.2;KEYWORDS;318
9.9.3;URBAN POPULATION;318
9.10;Chapter 10. Cost Reduction Through Technological Developments;324
9.10.1;ABSTRACT;324
9.10.2;KEYWORDS;324
9.10.3;INTRODUCTION;324
9.10.4;FOUNDATIONS;325
9.10.5;BRICK WALLING;325
9.10.6;LINTELS;326
9.10.7;FLOORS/ROOFS;326
9.10.8;SUB–FLOORS;326
9.10.9;DOORS AND WINDOWS;326
9.10.10;CASE STUDY;327
9.10.11;CONCLUSIONS;327
9.10.12;REFERENCES;327
9.11;Chapter 11. Need for Innovative Construction to Reduce Housing Cost for Mass;330
9.11.1;ABSTRACT;330
9.11.2;KEYWORDS;330
9.11.3;INTRODUCTION;330
10;PART 4: HOW TO REDUCE COSTS THROUGH INNOVATIVE FINANCING FOR
THE BUILDERS, CONSUMERS AND PRODUCERS OF THE MATERIALS;338
10.1;Chapter 1. Innovative Financing and Cost Reduction for
Urban Consumers in Indian Context;340
10.1.1;ABSTRACT;340
10.1.2;KEYWORDS;340
10.1.3;URBANISATION IN INDIAN SCENARIO;341
10.1.4;MOUNTING HOUSING SHORTAGE AND COSTS OF CONSTRUCTION;341
10.1.5;PLIGHTS OF URBAN CONSUMER;341
10.1.6;NATIONAL HOUSING POLICY (NHP);342
10.1.7;NATIONAL HOUSING BANK (NHB);342
10.1.8;HOW TO REDUCE COSTS ?;342
10.1.9;INVOLVE THE CONSUMER;343
10.1.10;INVOLVE PRIVATE SECTOR;343
10.1.11;INVOLVE SPECIALISED FINANCING INSTITUTIONS;343
10.1.12;CERTAIN SUGGESTIONS;344
10.1.13;REFERENCES;345
10.2;Chapter 2. Alternatives for Housing Finance in Turkey;346
10.2.1;ABSTRACT;346
10.2.2;KEYWORDS;346
10.2.3;INTRODUCTION;346
10.2.4;HOUSING NEEDS ASSESSMENT;347
10.2.5;OUTCOMES OF THE HOUSING NEEDS ASSESSMENT MODEL;350
10.2.6;SCENARIOS;350
10.2.7;CONCLUSION;352
10.2.8;REFERENCES;352
10.3;Chapter 3. Public Housing and the Promotion of Homeownership;354
10.3.1;ABSTRACT;354
10.3.2;KEYWORDS;354
10.3.3;INTROXJCriON;354
10.3.4;THE HOUSING AND DEVELOPMENT BOARD;355
10.3.5;HOMEOWNERSHIP POLICY;356
10.3.6;CONCLUDING COMMENTS;358
10.3.7;REFERENCES;359
10.4;Chapter 4. The Use of Generic Cost/Performance Ratios in the Financing of Housing;360
10.4.1;ABSTRACT;360
10.4.2;KEYWORDS;360
10.4.3;1. INTRODUCTION;360
10.4.4;2. SPATIAL PERFORMANCE RATIO;362
10.4.5;3. THERMAL PERFORMANCE;363
10.4.6;4. STRUCTURAL PERFORMANCE;365
10.4.7;5. FINAL REMARKS;366
10.4.8;REFERENCES;367
10.5;Chapter 5. Housing Finance in Turkey;368
10.5.1;ABSTRACT;368
10.5.2;KEYWORDS;368
10.5.3;CONTEXTUAL FRAMEWORK;368
10.5.4;THE TURKISH EXAMPLE;369
10.5.5;FUNDING SOURCES;370
10.5.6;RECENT DEVELOPMENTS;371
10.5.7;WHAT HAS THE FUND ACHIEVED?;372
10.5.8;CONCLUSIONS;373
10.5.9;SOURCES;373
10.6;Chapter 6. How to Optimize the Benefits of State Subsidies in Housing;374
10.6.1;ABSTRACT;374
10.6.2;KEYWORDS;374
10.6.3;INTRODUCTION;374
10.6.4;WHY THE INDUSTRIALIZED CONSTRUCTION CAN ONLY BE A LIMITED CURE;375
10.6.5;SQUATTER SETTLEMENTS;376
10.6.6;REALISTIC SHELTER POLICIES;376
10.6.7;MEASURES;377
10.6.8;CONCLUSIONS;379
10.6.9;REFERENCES;379